Quiz 5 (Anterior muscles) Flashcards
1
Q
Skeletal muscle tissue
A
multinucleate
striated
parallel fibers
voluntary
2
Q
smooth muscle tissue
A
uninucleate
unstriated
spindle-shaped fibers
involuntary
3
Q
cardiac muscle
A
uninucleate
striated
branched fibers
cells are connected through intercalated disks
4
Q
Epicranius + innervation (all structures involved)
A
Frontalis
Occipitalis
Galea aponeurotica
Facial nerve (CN7)
5
Q
Muscle around the eye
A
Orbicularis oculi
Facial nerve
6
Q
O: maxilla and nasal cartilage
I: Bridge of the nose
A
nasalis
facial nerve
7
Q
kissing muscle, around mouth
A
orbicularis oris
facial nerve
8
Q
O: zygomatic bone and infraorbital margin of maxilla
I: Orbicularis oris
laterally adjacent to nose
A
levator labii superioris
facial nerve
9
Q
Lateral smiling muscle
A
zygomaticus major
facial nerve
10
Q
Medial smiling muscle
A
zygomaticus minor
facial nerve
11
Q
Grinning muscle, ribbon like
A
Risorius
Facial nerve
12
Q
Blowing muscle
Deep, wide muscle to corner of mouth
A
Buccinator
facial nerve
13
Q
O: anterolateral surface of body of mandible, inferior to incisors
I: Skin and muscle at inferior angle of mouth
A
Depressor anguli oris
Facial nerve
14
Q
O: body of mandible, lateral to midline
I: skin and muscle of lower lip
A
Depressor labii inferioris
facial Nerve
15
Q
Pouting muscle, “men butt”
A
Mentalis
facial nerve
16
Q
Wide and flat like the ‘plat’ river, flows down side of neck
A
Platysma
facial nerve
17
Q
Large deep muscle of the cheek, mastication
A
Masseter
Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN 5)
18
Q
Side of head, covers temporal and parietal bone
A
Temporalis
Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN 5)
19
Q
Medial grinding muscle
A
Medial pterygoid
Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN 5)
20
Q
Lateral grinding muscle
A
lateral pterygoid
Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN 5)
21
Q
Looks like loops on hyoid
A
Anterior and posterior bellies of Digastric
Anterior belly-Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN 5)
Posterior belly: Facial nerve (CN7)
22
Q
O: styloid process of temporal bone
I: Hyoid bone
Deep to digastric
A
Stylohyoid
Facial Nerve
23
Q
O: Medial surface of mandibular symphysis
I: hyoid bone
longitudinalish fibers
A
Geniohyoid
Spinal nerve C1
24
Q
O: mylohyoid line of mandible
I: byoid bone via midian raphe
large, parallel fibers
A
Mylohyoid
Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN 5)
25
Strap-like muscle with a supeior and inferior bell, united by an intermediate tendon
O: intermediate tendon attached to clavicle and first rib
I: Superior belly-hyoid bone, Inferior belly- superior margin of scapula
Omohyoid
| Spinal nerves C1-C3 (Ansa Cervicalis)
26
Long muscle, superficial to sternothyroid
O: manubrium and medial end of clavicle
I: hyoid bone
Sternohyoid
| Spinal nerves C1-C3 (Ansa Cervicalis)
27
Deep to sternohyoid
O: posterior surface of manubrium and first costal cartilage
I: thyroid cartilage of larynx
Sternothyroid
| Spinal nerves C1-C3 (Ansa Cervicalis)
28
Short muscle superior to sternothyroid
O: thyroid cartilage
I: hyoid bone
Thyrohyoid
| cervical spinal nerves C1 and C2 via hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
29
Small muscle, fibers look like 'V', inferior portion of thyroid cartilage
O: cricoid cartilage
I: thyroid cartilage
```
Cricothyroid
Vagus Nerve (CNX)
```
30
External oblique
superficial
| if two sides are together the fibers would form a V
31
Internal oblique
1 deep
| if two sides are together the fibers would form a ^
32
Transverse abdominis
```
Deepest
transverse fibers (belt)
```
33
Six pack muscles
Rectus abdominis
34
Line down the middle of the rectus abdominis
linea alba
35
Sheath of connective tissue over rectus abdominis
rectus sheath
36
O,I,A,N: Pectoralis major (2 parts)
O: Clavicular head - clavicle, Sternocostal head - sternum and costal cartilages 2-6
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: primer mover of arm flexion; adduction and medial rotation of arm
N: Medial and lateral pectoral nerves
37
O,I,A,N: Deltoid
O: spine and acromion process of scapula, lateral 1/3 of clavicle
I: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
A: Primer mover of arm abduction; synergist in flexion, extension of arm
N: axillary nerve
38
O,I,A,N: Coracobrachialis
O: coracoid process of scapula
I: mid-medial shaft of humerus
A: arm flexion and adduction
N: Musculocuaneus nerve
39
O,I,N: Serratus anterior (boxers muscle)
O: ribs 1-8 or 9
I: Vertebral border of scapula (ventral surface)
N: long thoracic nerve
40
O,I,N: Pectoralis minor
O: ribs 3-5 (ventral surface)
I: coracoid process of scapula
N: Medial pectoral nerve
41
O,I,A,N: Biceps brachii (long and short heads)
O: Long head - supraglenoid tubercle of scapula, Short - Coracoid process of scapula
I: Radial tuberosity
A: Major forarm flexor: subinates forearm: weak flexor of arm
N: Musculocutaneous nerve
42
O,I,A,N: Brachialis
O: Anterior, distal surface of humerus
I: coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna
A: major forearm flexor
N: musculocutaneous nerve
43
O,I,A,N: Brachioradialis
O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: styloid process of radius
A: Forearm flexion
N: radial nerve
44
Muscles of the forearm in order (9)
```
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
abductor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis brevis
extensor pollicis longus
extensor indicis
extensor digitorum
extensor digiti minimi
extensor carpi ulnaris
```
45
Name of 'wrist band' of dense facia holding tendons in place
Extensor retinaculum
46
Pronators/supinators with nerves (3)
Supinator - radial nerve
Pronator teres - median nerve
pronator quadratus - Median nerve
47
Muscles of the forearm (I): base of meta carpal 2
Extensor carpi radialis longus
48
Muscles of the forearm (I): base of metacarpal 3
extensor carpi radialis brevis
49
Muscles of the forearm (I): lateral margin of metacarpal 1
abductor pollicis longus
50
Muscles of the forearm (I): base of proximal phalanx of pollex
extensor pollicis brevis
51
Muscles of the forearm (I): base of distal phalanx of pollex
extensor pollicis longus
52
Muscles of the forearm (I): distal phalanx of digit 2
extensor indicis
53
Muscles of the forearm (I): posterior surface of distal phalanges 2-5
extensor digitorum
54
Muscles of the forearm (I): posterior surface of proximal phalanx of 5th finger (with tendon of extensor digitorum)
extensor digiti minimi
55
Muscles of the forearm (I): base of metacarpal 5
extensor carpi ulnaris
56
Innervation of all the extensor muscles of the forearm
radial nerve
57
Iliopsoas
combination of iliacus and psoas major after passing under the inguinal ligament
58
M, O, I, A, N: Fan like muscle of iliopsoas
```
Iliacus
iliac fossa of the os coxa
lesser trochanter of femur
prime flexor of thigh, postural muscle
femoral nerve
```
59
M, O, I, A, N: Longer of the two iliopsoas, does not orginate on the pelvis
```
psoas major
vertebrae T12-L5
lesser trochanter of femur
prim flexor of thigh, postural muscle
spinal nerves L1-L3
```
60
M, O, I, A, N: tailors muscle, diagonal strap across anterior of thigh
Sartorius
anterior superior iliac spine
medial proximal tibial shaft (near tibial tuberosity)
flexion and lateral rotation of thigh: flexion of lower leg
femoral nerve
61
Muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh
quadriceps femoris
patellar ligament
tensor fasciae latae
iliotibial tract
62
Muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh
pectineus
gracilis
adductor longus
adductor magnus
63
Quadraceps femoris muscles
rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius
64
M, O, I, A, N: medial superficial muscle of quad
rectus femoris
anterior inferior iliac spine and superior margin of acetabulum
patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
thigh flexion, lower leg extension
femoral nerve
65
M, O, I, A, N: lateral muscle of quad
vastus lateralis
anterior and inferior boarder of greater trochanter and linea aspera of femur
patella and tibial tuberocity via patellar ligament
lower leg extension and stabilizes patella
femoral nerve
66
M, O, I, A, N: medial muscle of the quad
vastus medialis
linea aspera of femur
patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
lower leg extension and stabilizes patella
femoral nerve
67
M, O, I, A, N: deep muscle of quad
```
vastus intermedius
proximal anterolateral femoral shaft
patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
lower leg extension
femoral nerve
```
68
O, I: patellar ligament
patella
| tibial tuberosity
69
M, O, I, A, N: superiolateral muscle of thigh, rather short
```
tensor fasciae latae
anterior aspect of iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine
iliotibial tract
abduction and flexion of thigh
superior gluteal nerve
```
70
connective tissue strap down lateral side of thigh
iliotibial tract
71
M, O, I, A, N: superior muscle medial to femoral nerves/blood vessels on model
```
Pectineus
pubis of os coxa
pectinial line of femur, inferior to lesser trochanter
adduction and flexion of thigh
femoral nerve
```
72
M, O, I, A, N: most superficial of the medial strap like muscles of the thigh
```
Gracilis
ramus and body of pubis
medial proximal tibial shaft
adducts thigh; flexes and medially rotates leg
Obturator nerve (L2 and L3)
```
73
M, O, I, A, N: Medial "fatter" strap to pectineus
adductor longus
inferior ramus of pubis (anterior to brevis)
linea aspera of femur
adduction and medial rotation of thigh (when thigh flexed)
Obturator nerve and sciatic nerve (tibial division)
74
M, O, I, A, N: Largest most posterior muscles of the medial cavity
Adductor magnus
ischial and pubic rami and ischial tuberosity
linea aspera of femur
extension, adduction, and medial rotation of thigh (when thigh is flexed)
obturator nerve and sciatic nerve (tibial division)
75
Muscles of the anterior compartment of the lower limb (5)
```
tibialis anterior
extensor hallucis longus
extensor digitorum longus
peroneus tertius
extensor retinaculum (superior and inferior)
```
76
M, N: medial cuneiform and metatarsal 1, large muscle of the front of the tibia
tibialis anterior
| deep peroneal nerve
77
M, N: distal phalanx 1 (foot)
extensor hallucis longus
| deep peroneal nerve
78
M, N: middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5 (foot)
extensor digitorum longus
| deep peroneal nerve
79
M, N: dorsum of metatarsal 5 (fused with extensor digitorum longus-often considered it's fifth tendon)
peroneus tertius
| deep peroneal nerve
80
Two extensor retinaculum
superior and inferior (two separate structures)
81
muscles of the lateral compartment of the lower limb
peroneus longus (fibularis longus)
peroneus brevis
peroneal retinaculum
82
M, N: superficial muscle on the lateral aspect of the lower limb
```
peroneus longus (fibularis longus)
superficial peroneal nerve
```
83
M, N: deep muscle on the lateral aspect of the lower limb
peroneus brevis
| superficial peroneal nerve
84
holds the peroneus longus and brevis in place
peroneal retinaculum
85
Classes of levers
1st
2nd
3rd
86
describe first class lever
fulcrum is in middle, resistance is pushed down on one side and the load/applied force is pushed down on the other side
very few in human body (ex. atlanto-occipital joint)
87
describe second class lever
fulcrum is at one end, resistances is pushed down on in the middle, the load/applied force is transfered up on the opposite end as the fulcrum
magnifies force at expense of distance and speed
(ex. achilles tendon, standing on tip toes. meta tarsophalangeal joint)
88
describe third class lever
fulcrum is at one end, resistance is pushed down on opposite end as fulcrum and load/applied force is pushed up from the middle
most common found in human body
(ex. biceps brachii at humeroulnar joint)
