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Anatomy Lab > Quiz 4 (Appendicular skeleton, joints) > Flashcards

Quiz 4 (Appendicular skeleton, joints) Flashcards

1
Q

Humerus

A

Proximal upper limb bone

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2
Q

Head (humerus)

A

medial

articulates with glenoid fossa

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3
Q

greater tubercle

A

Superior projecting tubercle

lateral to head of humerus

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4
Q

less tubercle

A

smaller tubercle lateral to head on anterior surface of humerus

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5
Q

intertubercular groove

A

groove on anterior surface between the greater/lesser tubercle of humerus

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6
Q

surgical neck

A

Base of the head of the humerus
narrowing
the actual line on the model around the base of the head of the humerus

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7
Q

deltoid tuberosity

A

small ridge on anterior surface

1/2 down length of humerus

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8
Q

capitulum

A

smooth lateral head on distal anterior surface of the humerus. lateral to the trochlea. 1/2 of the condyle

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9
Q

trochlea

A

medial 1/2 of the condyle, medial to capitulum
smooth (v grove down middle) anterior distal surface
sharper than capitulum
wraps anteriorly and posteriorly

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10
Q

medial epicondyle

A

large process projecting medially from the distal end. medial to the condyle

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11
Q

lateral epicondyle

A

small process projecting laterally from the distal end of the humerus.
lateral to the condyle

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12
Q

coronoid fossa

A

depression on distal anterior surface of the humerus
immediately proximal to condyle
larger of the two anterior fossa

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13
Q

olecranon fossa

A

Large depression on distal posterior surface of the humerus

cradles the olecranon process

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14
Q

radial fossa

A

smaller of the two anterior distal fossa of the humerus

lateral to the coronoid fossa

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15
Q

Radius

A

Lateral bone of antebrachium

larger end is distal

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16
Q

Head (radius)

A

proximal, smaller

articulates with ulna

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17
Q

radial tuberosity

A

anterior, proximal end of radius

points medially

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18
Q

styloid process

A

lateral distal surface of radius

sharp point

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19
Q

ulnar notch

A

notch on medial surface of distal end of radius

opposite of styloid process

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20
Q

Ulna

A

Hook on proximal end

medial bone of the antebrachium

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21
Q

trochlear notch

A

anterior

big scoop

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22
Q

olecranon process

A

most proximal structure of the ulna forming the proximal half of the trochlear notch. fits into the olecranon fossa of the humerus

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23
Q

coronoid process

A

sharp process at the distal end of the trochlear notch
makes up half of the trochlear notch of the ulna
fits into coronoid fossa of the humerus

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24
Q

ulnar tuberosity

A

small ridge of bone originating from the coronoid process, moving distally
anterior proximal surface of ulna

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25
Q

styloid process

A

on distal end of ulna medial and posterior

small spike

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26
Q

Head (ulna)

A

distal end of the ulna

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27
Q

radial notch

A

articulates with radial head

proximal, medial/inferior edge of the trochlear notch

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28
Q

Carpal bones of the hand: Stop letting those people touch the cadavers hand (lateral to medial, proximal to distal)

A 
scaphoid (navicular)
lunate
triquetrum (triangular)
pisiform
trapezium
trapezoid
capitate
hamate
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29
Q

Metacarpal bones

A

labeled 1-5 starting at the pollex (thumb)

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30
Q

Carpal bones are the bones of this region

A

wrist

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31
Q

metacarpal bones are the bones of this region

A

palm

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32
Q

phalanges how many

A

14

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33
Q

phalanges are the bones of this region

A

fingers/thumb

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34
Q

proximal phalanx

A

first digit of finger/thumb

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35
Q

middle phalanx

A

second digit of finger

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36
Q

distal phalanx

A

last digit of finger/thumb

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37
Q

another name for thumb

A

pollex

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38
Q

phalanges of the thumb

A

proximal

distal

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39
Q

Wording for quiz answers on metacarpals

A

metacarpal of the R/L hand

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40
Q

Wording for quiz answers on phalanges

A

P/M/D phalanx of the # digit of the R/L hand

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41
Q

Determining r/l hand

A

look for pisiform and thumb.

Pisiform is on the anterior surface (palm) side of hand

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42
Q

Femur

A

proximal bone of lower limb

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43
Q

Head (femur)

A

articulates with acetabulum

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44
Q

Fovea capitis (fovea)

A

depression in head of femur

serves for ligament attachment

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45
Q

neck (femur)

A

narrowing after head

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46
Q

greater trochanter

A

proximal posterior

large projection on femur

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47
Q

lesser trochanter

A

proximal posterior

projection just distal to the neck of the femur

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48
Q

intertrochanteric crest

A

Ridge that connects the greater/lesser trochanter of the femur

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49
Q

pectineal line

A

small ridge moving distal from base of lesser trochanter of the femur

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50
Q

linea aspera

A

projected line on posterior surface

runs the whole vertical length of the femur

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51
Q

lateral condyle (femur)

A

large smooth
articulates with tibia
lateral distal surface of the femur

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52
Q

medial condyle (femur)

A

large smooth
articulates with tibia
medial distal surface of the femur

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53
Q

lateral epicondyle (femur)

A

bump superior to the lateral condyle on the lateral surface of the femur

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54
Q

medial epicondyle (femur)

A

bumb superior to the medial condyle on the medial surface of the femur

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55
Q

patellar surface

A

anterior distal smooth area between the two condyles of the femur

56
Q

patella

A

sesamoid bone
forms within a tendon
knee cap

57
Q

base (patella)

A

superior surface, broader

58
Q

apex (patella)

A

inferior surface, dull point

59
Q

articular facets (lateral and medial) of the patella

A

posterior side
lateral articular facet is larger
lateral will be level on the table if siting on posterior side

60
Q

Tibia

A

medial of the two bones of the lower half of the lower limb

61
Q

medial condyle (tibia)

A

medial, superior articulating surface with the medial condyle of the femur

62
Q

lateral condyle (tibia)

A

lateral, superior articulating surface with the lateral condyle of the femur

63
Q

tibial tuberosity

A

bump on proximal, anterior surface of tibia

lower attachment of the tendon housing the patella

64
Q

anterior crest (margin) (tibia)

A

most anterior surface of the tibia

ridge running down the front of the bone

65
Q

medial malleolus

A

most distal, medially located structure of the tibia

66
Q

Fibula (can pick up in quiz)

A

Lateral to tibia
Sharp ridge is on anterior
lateral side is smooth
medial side is ruff

67
Q

head (fibula)

A

proximal end

Flatter of the two ends

68
Q

lateral malleolus

A

Distal end

pointier of the two ends of the fibula

69
Q

Tarsal bones (7)

A 
talus
calcaneus
navicular
cuboid
lateral/intermediate/medial cuneiform
70
Q

talus

A

most superior

articulates with tibia

71
Q

calcaneus

A

heal bone

largest bone of foot

72
Q

navicular

A

medial to cuboid

larger than cuneiform bones

73
Q

cuboid

A

lateral to navicular

larger than cuneiform bones

74
Q

lateral (3rd) cuneiform

A

adjacent to cuboid

inline with middle toe

75
Q

intermediate (2nd) cuneiform

A

inline with second metatarsal

76
Q

medial (1st) cuneiform

A

inline with hallux

77
Q

another name for big toe

78
Q

Metatarsal bones

A

5

counted from big to little toe

79
Q

Phalanges of the foot

A

same as hand

80
Q

TARSALS

A

the circus needs more interesting little clowns

81
Q

hip fracture

A

head/neck, trochanter regions of femur, not acetabulum
elderly more likely due to osteoporosis
repair by inserting screws and pins or hip replacement
on the rise due to increase lifespan

82
Q

Green stick fracture

A

one side of bone breaks, other side bends

happens in children due to not fully osefied bones

83
Q

SAD

A

synarthrosis- no movement
amphiarthrosis- little movement
diarthrosis- free movement

84
Q

6 types of joints

A 
plane joints
hinge joint
pivot joint
condylar / ellipsoidal joint
saddle joint
ball and socket joint
85
Q

shoulder joint

A

glenohumeral joint

86
Q

glenohumeral ligaments

A

composed of three thickenings of the articular capsule over the anterior surface of the joint

87
Q

transverse humeral ligament

A

narrow sheet extending from the greater tubercle in the lesser tubercle of the humerus.
overlies the tendon of the biceps brachii

88
Q

coracohumeral ligament

A

extends from the coracoid process to the head of the humerus

anterior/ superior surface

89
Q

coracoacromial ligament

A

supports the superior surface of the capsule

spanning from the coracoid process to the acromion

90
Q

acromioclavicular ligament

A

binds the acromion to the clavicle

restricts clavicular movement at the acromial end

91
Q

two structures of the coracoclavicular ligament

A

conoid ligament-medial

trapezoid ligament-lateral

92
Q

coracoclavicular ligament

A

connects the clavicle to the coracoid process of the scapula

helps to limit the relative motion between the clavicle and scapula

93
Q

glenoidal labrum

A

narrow rim/lip of fibrocartilage around the edge of the glenoid cavity/fossa

94
Q

boxers fracture

A

fracture of the 5th metatarsal

95
Q

bankhart lesion

A

tear in labrum of shoulder
occurs with dislocation
treat by immobilization, surgery, or PT to inprove range of motion and muscle contraction

96
Q

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

A

young adolesence, fracture at epiphysis due to weakness
can occur suddenly or over time
more common in males who are overweight for height
may lead to one leg looking shorter or turned out
treat with surgery

97
Q

elbow joint

A

humeroulnar or olecranal joint

98
Q

ulnar collateral ligament

A

attaches to medial surface of ulna near trochleah and medial epicondyle of humerus

99
Q

radial collateral ligament

A

attaches to lateral epicondyle of humerus and annular ligament binding the head of the radius

100
Q

annular ligament

A

binds the proximal radial head to the radial notch of the ulna

101
Q

knee joint

A

tibiofemoral joint

102
Q

patellar ligament

A

inferior to patella, attaches to patella and tibial tuberosity

103
Q

fibular (lateral) collateral ligament

A

fibula to femur reinforces lateral surface

104
Q

tibial (medial) collateral ligament

A

tibia to femur, reinforces medial surface

105
Q

medial meniscus

A

C shaped

made of fibrocartilage

106
Q

lateral meniscus

A

O shaped

made of fibrocartilage

107
Q

4 functions of the menisci

A

cushion
conform to the shape of the articulating surfaces as the femur changes position
increase the surface area of the tibiofemoral joint
provide some lateral stability to the joint

108
Q

anterior cruciate ligament

A

attaches to anterior of tibia and (middle) medial anterior femur

109
Q

posterior cruciate ligament

A

attaches to posterior of tibia and (middle) medial anterior femur

110
Q

What do the cruciate ligaments of the knee do

A

limit anterior and posterior movement of the tibia

111
Q

hip joint

A

coxal joint

112
Q

Why is the coxal joint the most stable

A

deep socket encloses nearly whole head of femur

large amount of force placed on the joint

113
Q

inside the knee joint capsule

A

medial meniscus
lateral meniscus
anterior cruciate ligament
posterior cruciate ligament

114
Q

inside the coxal joint capsule

A

ligamentum teres
transverse acetabular ligament
acetabular labrum

115
Q

acetabular labrum

A

increases the depth of acetabulum

made of fibro cartilage

116
Q

iliofemoral ligament

A

attaches to ilium and interochanteric line of the femur

117
Q

pubofemoral ligament

A

attaches to ischium and lateral to head of femur

118
Q

ischiofemoral ligament

A

attaches to ischium and lateral to head of femur

119
Q

transverse acetabular ligament

A

completes inferior boarder of acetabular fossa

crosses acetabular notch

120
Q

ligamentum teres

A

attaches to fovea and inferior boarder of acetabulum

121
Q

acromioclavicular joint

A

clavicle, sternum

122
Q

sternoclavicular joint

A

sternum

clavicle

123
Q

Luxation

A

dislocation of joint

124
Q

subluxation

A

partial dislocation of joint

125
Q

arthroscopic surgery

A 
minimally invasive
3 small incisions 
1 for camera
1 for fluid to be injected
1 for surgical instrument
repairs bone fragments, scar tissue, damaged/torn cartilage or ligaments
126
Q

bursitis

A

inflammation of the bursa

127
Q

arthritis

A

damage to articular cartilage

128
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

auto-immune disease damage to articular cartilage

129
Q

osteoarthritis

A

due to age damage to articular cartilage

130
Q

flat fee

A

loss or absence of longitudinal arch of the foot

131
Q

congenital talipes equinovarus

A

club foot
congenital deformity of one or both feet
secondary developemnt to abnormalities of neuromuscular development

132
Q

sprains

A

stretching ligament to point where some collagenous fibers are broken

133
Q

menisectomy

A

surgical removal of an injured meniscus

134
Q

shoulder separation

A

complete or partial dislocation of acromioclavicular joint

135
Q

colles’ fracture

A

break in the distal portion of radius

typical of reaching out to catch ones self in a fall

136
Q

pott’s fracture

A

occurs at ankle

affects both bones of the leg

137
Q

comminuted fracture

A

shattering fracture

Anatomy Lab (12 decks)

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