Quiz 3 Flashcards
Onsior (robenacoxib) and meloxicam were presented in lecture as example of this drug class. They are pain relievers, non-controlled substances and decrease inflammation that may cause pain.
NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs)
This class of analgesic drugs have members that have multiple different types binding activity (agonists, partial agonists, agonist / antagonist). What is the class of analgesics?
Opioids
Which of the following is/are an effect of NSAIDs?
- Inhibiting the activity of COX-1 and/or COX-2 enzymes
- Effective when incorporated into the surgical premedication protocol
- Can impair platelet function.
Which of the following is/are an effect of Local Anesthetic Agents.
Inhibit transduction and transmission of nerve impulses
Which of the following is / are signs of administering an anticholinergic / parasympatholytic?
- Bronchodilation
- Dilation of the pupils
- Increased cardiac output
Which of the following is / are reasons some veterinarians do not use atropine in cats?
Cats can produce thick mucous causing E.T. tube obstruction as a result of atropine administration.
Physostigmine is a reversal agent for…
Glycopyrrolate
Alpha-2 agonists…
cause bradycardia, vasoconstriction and respiratory depression
Which of the following opioid receptors when stimulated does NOT produce analgesia?
Sigma
What are adverse effects of opioid use?
- Respiratory Depression
- Constipation
- Increased sensitivity to noise
Which of the following is an example of neuroleptanalgesia
hydromorphone and midazolam
Barbiturates are not commonly used in veterinary anesthesia. Which of the following barbiturates is primarily used as a Euthanasia Agent?
Pentobarbital
Ketamine and Tiletamine are dissociative anesthetics. They cyclohexamines and are painful when administered IM. In addition…
-Ketamine can be used as a CRI and offers analgesia by inhibiting NMDA receptors in the CNS.
Tiletamine, in veterinary medicine, is combined with Zolazepam and sold as Telazol.
-They can have effects such as tachycardia , apneustic breathing, increased intraocular are CSF pressure.
Ketamine is frequently given in conjunction with other agents to facilitate muscle relaxation.
ketamine and midazolam
Propofol is an injectable hypnotic agent that in some areas of the country is a controlled substance. It is a white milky emulsion and can be used as an induction or maintenance when administered IV. In addition…
propofol has a rapid induction and should be titrated to effect.
Which anesthetic agent is a neuroactive steroid that enhances GABAA receptors by allowing an influx of chloride ions into cells?
Alfaxalone
Alfaxalone, when compared to Propofol….
- has less cardiovascular suppression
- has a lower risk of apnea
- is a federally controlled substance in the U.S.
This anesthetic agent is a sedative hypnotic imidazole. It is administered IV and has minimal cardiovascular effects.
Etomidate
Which of the following is/are adverse effects of Etomidate?
Painful IV injection
Vomiting
Formation of sterile abscesses with perivascular injection
Which medication, frequently administered with other agents, is administered IV primarily as a muscle relaxant offering poor sedation and poor analgesia?
Guaifenesin
Which of the following is NOT a Halogenated Organic Compound inhalation agent?
Nitrous Oxide
Inhalation anesthetic agents enter the blood stream because of….
the concentration gradient and lipid solubility at the level of the alveoli
What is the target organ for the anesthetic effect of inhalation agents?
Brain
What is the main method of elimination of commonly used Anesthetic Inhalation Halogenated Organic Compounds?
Lungs
An inhalation agent with a low Solubility / Partition Coefficient…
has a quick induction and recovery time.
Which of the following is/are TRUE when comparing Sevoflurane and Isoflurane?
- Sevoflurane is less potent than Isoflurane.
- Sevoflurane has a quicker onset of action than Isoflurane
- Sevoflurane is a better choice for mask induction than Isoflurane.
Based on MAC value, what is the target setting of a precision vaporizer using an inhalation agent to maintain a surgical plane of anesthesia?
1.5 x the MAC value
What are some of the adverse effect(s) of most inhalation anesthetic agents?
- Respiratory Depression
- Decreased Glomerular Filtration Rate with the need to use caution with NSAIDs
- Depressed myocardial function
Which of the following inhalation agents is said to have “single breath” induction?
Desflurane
This inhalation agent does not require a precision vaporizer. Its’ use also can decrease the anesthetic setting of the primary inhalation agent (Second Gas Effect). It should never be used in a closed circuit, thoracic surgery or gastrointestinal surgery. What is this agent?
Nitrous Oxide
