Homework 9

Question 1

This type of pain is due to some bodily injury, disappears with healing and tends to be self-limiting.

Answer 1

Acute Pain

Question 2

This type of pain lasts several weeks to months and persists beyond the expected healing time.

Answer 2

Chronic Pain

Question 3

This type of pain originated from damage to bone, joints, muscle or skin.

Answer 3

Somatic Pain

Question 4

This type of pain arises from stretching, distension, injury or inflammation of internal organs.

Answer 4

Visceral Pain

Question 5

Which is the opioid that has a very short half-life and is not recommended to be administered as a bolus for pain management but rather as a CRI?

Answer 5

Fentanyl

Question 6

Which of the following analgesic when administered as a CRI is an antagonist to the NMDA receptor in the central nervous system?

Answer 6

Ketamine

Question 7

Which of the following is / are a behavioral response to pain?

Answer 7

Vocalization
Body posture
Appetite

Question 8

This opioid is a mu agonist. It is NOT associated with histamine release and is less expensive oxymorphone. The IM or SQ analgesic dose may be repeated every 4- 6 hours

Answer 8

Hydromorphone

Question 9

This opioid is a partial mu agonist. It is commonly used in cats for transmucosal absorption. It has a duration of analgesia ranging from 6-12 hours after IM injection.

Answer 9

Buprenorphine

Question 10

This opioid is a mu antagonist and a kappa agonist. It is useful in treating mild to moderate pain and as a reversal (antagonist) for a pure mu agonist.

Answer 10

Butorphanol

Question 11

This opioid has a short half-life if administered as an IV bolus. It is frequently used in CRI fluids and can be found in a transdermal patch.

Answer 11

Fentanyl

Question 12

This NSAID has its effects as a selective COX-2 inhibitor. It also appears to offer analgesia to central and peripheral tissues

Answer 12

Meloxicam

Question 13

This NSAID has the primary effect of decreasing prostaglandin synthesis in the brain issue and therefore is central acting. It is very toxic to, and can be fatal to, cats.

Answer 13

Acetaminophen

Question 14

This Alpha-2 agonist at low doses can potentiate the effect of opioids.

Answer 14

Dexmedetomidine

Question 15

Untreated pain can lead to…

Answer 15

Wasting
Arrythmias
Death

Question 16

The Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale is what type of pain assessment tool?

Answer 16

Categorical numeric rating scale

Question 17

What is important in the success of perioperative analgesia.

Answer 17

preemptive analgesia

multimodal analgesia

Question 18

What is / are the major adverse effect(s) of NSAIDs that causes them not to be used as pre-emptive or intraoperative analgesics unless IV fluids and arterial blood pressure monitoring is available?

Answer 18

Decreased renal blood flow, renal hypoxia and possible renal failure

Question 19

Where in the pain pathway does secondary sensitization or “wind up” occur?

Answer 19

Spinal cord

Question 20

Which of the following drug combinations is / are an example of multimodal analgesia?

Answer 20

dexmedetomidine, morphine and ketamine

Question 21

Which of the following analgesic plans target three different pain receptor mechanisms?

Answer 21

Morphine IM, Ketamine CRI, Lidocaine nerve block

Question 22

An MLK CRI has which of the following drugs?

Answer 22

Morphine, Lidocaine, Ketamine

Question 23

What is thought of as the mechanism of action and therapeutic action of Gabapentin?

Answer 23

It is similar to GABA and prevents influx of calcium into cell. It useful for neuropathic pain and allodynia.

Question 24

Which of the following is / are considered non-pharmacologic modalities for pain management?

Answer 24

acupuncture
rehabilitation therapy
massage therapy