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Anesthesiology and Surgical Nursing > Homework 11 > Flashcards

Homework 11 Flashcards

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1
Q

Which of the following can be an indication(s) for OHE?

A

Prevention to reproduce
Dystocia
Pyometra

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2
Q

In order to decrease the incidence of mammary tumors in the dog when is it recommended to have the dog spayed?

A

Before the first heat

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3
Q

What is the surgical clip recommended for an OHE?

A

Xiphoid to pubis, laterally to edge of ribs

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4
Q

What is the placement of the patient on the surgery prep table?

A

Dorsal recumbency

Lateral (Left) recumbency if pregant

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5
Q

Which of the following is / are TRUE?

A

the ovarian pedicle can be clamped using a three clamp technique

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6
Q

What method should be used to close the linea alba ?

A

An absorbable suture in a simple interrupted pattern

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7
Q

What is a medical concern regarding spaying a large breed dog before 18 months of age?

A

There is an increased risk for the development of hip and elbow dysplasia

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8
Q

Which of the following can be an indication(s) for a C-Section

A

oxytocin deficiency
hypocalcemia
fetal death

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9
Q

Dystocia is an indication for a C-Section. Which of the following breeds may be predisposed to dystocia?

A

bull dogs and pugs

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10
Q

Which of the following are reasons to NOT to promote uterine contraction with a dystocia patient?

A

physical obstruction of the uterus
inappropriate fetal positioning
oversize fetus

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11
Q

When exteriorizing the uterus in performing a C-Section moist sterile towel are used to support the uterus. With what are the towel moistened?

A

0.9% Saline

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12
Q

If opioids were used for analgesia for the C-Section Patient what therapy would be needed to counteract the opioid effect of the neonate?

A

Naloxone

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13
Q

If the neonate has no heart beat and compressions were unsuccessful, what drug should be administered under the tongue?

A

epinephrine

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14
Q

What is / are some step(s) performed in order to allow for proper nursing of the neonates?

A

clean mammary glands
allow mother to be fully recovered before introducing young to her
use subcuticular skin closure suture pattern

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15
Q

Which of the following is / are causes for Pyometra?

A

repeated heats without a pregnancy
long term estrogen therapy to prevent pregnancy
ascending bacteria from urogenital tract

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16
Q

Which of the following are clinical signs of pyometra?

A

polydipsia and polyuria

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17
Q

What is meant by an open pyometra?

A

The cervix is “open” which allows for purulent material to exit the uterus

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18
Q

What is the recurrence of pyometra after successful medical management?

A

77%

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19
Q

Which of the following medications are used in the medical treatment of a pyometra?

A

Prostaglandins and Antibiotics

20
Q

Specific antibiotic therapy is indicated, based on…

A

Culture and sensitivity of exudate

21
Q

What is a “stump pyometra”?

A

Infected remnant uterine tissue left from an OHE.

22
Q

Which of the following can be an indication(s) for Neutering (Castration)

A

Prevention to reproduce
Territorial Marking
Testicular Trauma

23
Q

Cryptorchidism is a condition where…

A

one or both testicles have not descended into the scrotum

24
Q

In a dog castration, which of the following is part of the surgical prep?

A

Scrubbing the pre-scrotal area in a target pattern

25
Q

What are some of the disadvantages of chemical sterilization of a dog?

A

May not decrease the incidence of prostate disease compared to surgery
Testosterone may still be produced leading to some unwanted behaviors
Side effects can include vomiting, lethargy

26
Q

In a cat castration, which of the following is TRUE?

A

The incision is in the scrotum over the location of the testicle

27
Q

What is TRUE for an intra-abdominal approach to neutering in the dog?

A

The surgical incision must continue passing by the lateral aspect of the penis

28
Q

Scrotal bleeding can occur with canine and feline castration. Which of the following postoperative treatments is beneficial to establish hemostasis?

A

Cryotherapy

29
Q

Which of the following dog breeds are predisposed to struvite crystals?

A

Cocker spaniel

30
Q

Which of the following instruments may be needed for a cystotomy?

A

Bladder Spoon and Balfour Abdominal Retractor

31
Q

Struvite uroliths…

A

are best managed at a urine pH of < 6.5
prevented with a specialize diet
can be exacerbated by bladder infections

32
Q

Which of the following is TRUE for Urolith Cystotomy?

A

Urethral catheterization should occur and any stones in the urethra should be flushed into the bladder

33
Q

Which of the following bladder stones (uroliths) are common in both the dog and cat?

A

Struvite

34
Q

Which of the following medications may be contraindicated in a cat with urolithiasis?

A

Meloxicam

35
Q

Which of the following are signs of Urethral Obstruction?

A

Large tugid bladder
Dysuria
Stranguria

36
Q

Which of the following is / are predisposing factors for urethral obstruction for a cat?

A

male
dry diet
increased weight

37
Q

Why is 0.9% NaCl is a fluid of choice for administering to urethral obstructed cats?

A

These patients are hyperkalemic and it does not contain potassium

38
Q

In addition to anesthetics and analgesics, which of the following are recommended as smooth muscle relaxants (anti-spasmotics) in urethral obstructed cats?

A

phenoxybenzamine

39
Q

Lidocaine gel can be used as a lubricant for urinary catheter placement. The reason for the lidocaine would be to…

A

decrease sensitivity of the urethra

40
Q

Which of the following would be the drug of choice for pain management of urethral
obstructed cats?

A

Buprenorphine

41
Q

How long of an obstruction is necessary in order to have significant effects on the heart, kidney, fluid and electrolyte balance?

A

12-24 hours

42
Q

In the cat, perineal urethrostomy procedure includes…

A

placing the patient in ventral recumbency
extending the tail over the dorsal midline
perineum elevated 30 degrees

43
Q

The diameter of the pelvic urethra is how many time larger than the penile urethra in the cat?

A

2 times

44
Q

Patients should be placed in IV fluids for at least 24 hours post surgery in order to…

A

assure any previous obstructive crystals or stones are flushed from the bladder
maintain normal kidney function
remove any blood clots that may have formed

45
Q

What is the most common late post-operative complication?

A

Urethral stricture

Anesthesiology and Surgical Nursing (23 decks)

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