Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

EARTHQUAKE > QUIZ 2.1 > Flashcards

QUIZ 2.1 Flashcards

1
Q

Nutrients required in large amounts,
including carbohydrates, proteins, and
fats, which provide energy and are
essential for growth and bodily
functions.

A

MACRONUTRIENTS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Nutrients needed in small amounts, like
vitamins and minerals, essential for
specific bodily functions and disease
prevention.

A

MICRONUTRIENTS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The process by which the body converts
food into energy and builds or repairs
tissues.

A

METABOLISM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A stored form of glucose found mainly in
the liver and muscles, used as a quick
energy source when needed.

A

GLYCOGEN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

A soft mass of chewed food mixed with
saliva, formed in the mouth before
swallowing.

A

BOLUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Involuntary muscle contractions that move
food along the digestive tract, from the
esophagus to the intestines.

A

PERISTALSIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A flap of tissue that covers the windpipe
during swallowing to prevent food from
entering the respiratory system.

A

EPIGLOTTIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Small lymphatic vessels within the villi of
the small intestine that absorb dietary fats
and transport them into the bloodstream.

A

LACTEALS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Tiny hair-like projections on the surface of
villi that further increase surface area for
nutrient absorption in the small intestine.

A

MICROVILLI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A thick, semi-liquid mixture of partially
digested food and digestive juices formed
in the stomach and passed into the small
intestine.

A

CHYME

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The final section of the small intestine,
responsible for absorbing vitamin B12, bile
salts, and any remaining nutrients.

A

ILEUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A part of metabolism where the body
builds up cells and tissues, using energy
and nutrients to grow and repair.

A

ANABOLISM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The process of breaking down large
molecules in food into smaller molecules to
release energy.

A

CATABOLISM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A group of naturally occurring molecules
that include fats and oils, which are used
as an energy source and for storing energy
in the body.

A

LIPIDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Compounds produced by the liver when
fats are broken down for energy, often
used by the body during times of low
carbohydrate intake

A

KETONES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

A yellow compound that results from the
breakdown of red blood cells, processed by
the liver, and excreted in bile.

A

BILIRUBIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A waste product formed in the liver from
the breakdown of proteins, which is
filtered out of the blood by the kidneys
and excreted in urine.

A

UREA

18
Q

The process by which bile breaks down
large fat droplets into smaller ones, making
it easier for enzymes to digest fats.

A

EMULSIFICATION

19
Q

The final act of digestion, involving the
elimination of indigestible waste from the
body through the rectum.

A

DEFECATION

20
Q

Inflammation of the stomach and
intestines, often caused by infection,
resulting in symptoms like nausea,
vomiting, and diarrhea.

A

GASTROENTERITIS

21
Q

A medical procedure that uses a flexible
tube with a camera to visually examine the
digestive tract for diagnosis and treatment

A

ENDOSCOPY

22
Q

A surgical procedure to remove the
gallbladder, commonly performed to treat
gallstones or gallbladder disease.

A

CHOLECYSTECTOMY

23
Q

Beneficial bacteria that aid digestion and
support a healthy gut, often found in foods
like yogurt and supplements.

A

PROBIOTICS

24
Q

Medications that neutralize stomach acid
to relieve symptoms of acid reflux or
indigestion.

A

ANTACIDS

25
Q

Substances in foods, such as vitamins C and
E, that protect cells from damage caused by
free radicals

A

ANTIOXIDANTS

26
Q

An indigestible carbohydrate found in
fruits, vegetables, and whole grains that
aids in digestion and helps regulate blood
sugar levels.

A

FIBER

27
Q

A ring-like muscle that controls the
passage of food from one part of the
digestive system to another, such as the
lower esophageal sphincter between the
esophagus and stomach

A

SPHINCTER

28
Q

A slippery substance produced by the
lining of the digestive tract, protecting the
stomach wall and aiding smooth passage of
food.

A

MUCUS

29
Q

Tiny blood vessels within the villi of the
small intestine that absorb amino acids,
sugars, and other nutrients into the
bloodstream

A

CAPILLARIES

30
Q

A pouch at the beginning of the large
intestine where the small intestine
connects, playing a role in absorbing fluids
and salts.

A

CECUM

31
Q

The middle section of the small intestine,
where much of the absorption of digested
nutrients takes place

A

JEJENUM

32
Q

The body’s ability to maintain a stable
internal environment, including balanced
levels of nutrients and energy.

A

HOMEOSTASIS

33
Q

The process by which the liver neutralizes
and removes harmful toxins from the
blood.

A

DETOXIFICATION

34
Q

The last part of the large intestine, where
waste is stored before being excreted
through the anus

A

RECTUM

35
Q

The main portion of the large intestine
responsible for absorbing water and
electrolytes from waste material

A

COLON

36
Q

A substance that stimulates bowel
movements, often used to treat
constipation by softening stools or
increasing movement in the intestines

A

LAXATIVE

37
Q

A condition often caused by liver disease,
where a buildup of bilirubin results in
yellowing of the skin and eyes

A

JAUNDICE

38
Q

A diagnostic procedure that uses a camera
to view the inside of the large intestine to
detect issues like polyps or inflammation.

A

COLONOSCOPY

39
Q

Inflammation of small pouches that can
form in the wall of the large intestine,
leading to pain and digestive issues.

A

DIVERTICULITIS

40
Q

Swollen blood vessels in the rectum or
anus, often caused by straining,
constipation, or sitting for extended
periods.

A

HEMORRHOIDS

41
Q

A substance that stimulates bowel
movements, often used to treat
constipation by softening stools or
increasing movement in the intestines

A

LAXATIVES

EARTHQUAKE (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions