ALL ABOUT DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Flashcards
living organism don’t need food to provide the necessary energy
NEED FOOD
what promotes movement, growth and development, repair worn out tissue, reproduction and synthesis of materials in cells
ENERGY
source of nutrients needed to maintain good health and prevent diseases
FOOD
plants trap energy from the sun and convert it into a chemical energy during
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
can energy be created
NO
can energy be destroyed
NO
can energy be converted from one form to another
YES
during digestion, ____________ stored in food is converted into ______________ used in bodily energy
- POTENTIAL CHEMICAL ENERGY
- KINETIC ENERGY
process of energy loss upon conversion
HEAT
significant in maintenance of body temp
HEAT
amount of energgy can be measured in
CALORIES
sign of calorie
c
refers to amount of energy needed toraise temp of 1g of water by 1 degree celsius
CALORIES
what is kilo-calorie
USED BY NUTRITIONIST TO REFER AMOUNT OF ENERGY IN FOOD
sign of kilo-calorie
K-CAL/C
support bone health
CALCIUM
help calm nerves
MAGNESIUM
energy metabolism
PHOSPHORUS
what does it mean when pee is red
LACK OF WATER/ SUPER DEHYDRATED
what does it mean when pee is yellow
LACK OF WATER
what does it mean when pee is clear
ENOUGH WATER
how many type of sugar
2
what are 2 type of sugar
NATURAL/FREE
found in bread/potato/rice
STARTCHY CARBS
help digest/ help move food from one place to another
FIBER
promote muscle tissue growth/ make wound heal faster
PROTEINS
fight infection/found in cheese,lobster, nuts
PROTEINS
breakdown food/provide energy
AMINO ACIDS
help maintain skin,hair,nails/ repair body tissues
AMINO ACIDS
disease/ lack of protein/ severe malnutrition
KWASHIORKOR
other name of kwashiorkor
EDEMATOUS MALNUTRITION
5 best fats
FLAXSEED, WALNUT, ALMOND, OLIVEOIL, AVOCADO
leg cramp while walking, shortness of breath, fat storage in body
ATHEROSCLEROSIS
vitamins dissolve in water/ transported from intestine to bloodstream
WATER SOLUBLE
vitamins bind to ingested lipids and pass through lymphatic system
FAT SOLUBLE
vitamin of water soluble
VITAMIN B/C
vitamin of fat soluble
VITAMIN ADEK
for normal nerve function
POTASSIUM
help body digest food/ muscle contact
CHLORIDE
help red blood cells deliver oxygen to body tissues
IRON
help fight infection/ healthy skin
ZINC
amount of energy needed by someone depends on their age,height,
TRUE
what is level 1 in food group
CEREAL GRAIN GROUP
what is level 2 in food group
VEGETABLE/FRUIT
what is level 3 in food group
MEAT/FISH
what is level 4 in food group
FAT/SWEETS
what are the process of digestion
INGESTION/DIGESTION/ABSORPTION/ASSIMILATION/ELIMINATION
process of taking food into body
INGESTION
process of breakingdown food
DIGESTION
process of moving food into cells
ABSORPTION
process of making food part of cells
ASSIMILATION
remove unused food
ELIMINATION
how many types of digestion
2
when you chew your food/ no acid/ relax stomach muscles
PHYSICAL
breakdown/ more complex such as protein/fats
CHEMICAL
consists of gut or alimentary
MAMMALIAN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
extends from mouth to anus
TUBULAR GUT
where food starts/ upper jaw fixed lower jaw moveable
MOUTH
special sense cells or taste buds = help you select food
TASTE BUDS
what saliva softens food
MUCIN
enzyme chemically digest startch to maltose
PTYALIN
the tongue rolls the food into small slippery masses of ______
BOLI
common passage for food and air
PHARYNX
voice box
LARYNX
what is the piece like cartilage called that covers the larynx when you swallow such that no food particle enter the trachea
EPIGLOTTIS
narrow muscular tube
ESOPHAGUS
called gullet from greek word
ESOPHAGUS
oisen =
CARRY
phogein =
EAT
carry swallowed food to stomach
ESOPHAGUS
wavelike contraction of wall of gut
PERISTALSIS
how many muscles in esophagus
2
j shaped organ/ lies between diaphram partly covered by liver
STOMACH
dilute solution of hydrochloric acid/ kill germs
GASTRIC JUICE
how many hours does food remain in gastric juice
2-6 HRS
partially digested liquefied food that passes in small amounts into the first part of small intestine
CHYME
___________ is a muscular valve connected from stomach to the small intestine
PYLORIC SPHINCTER
how many parts in small intestine
3
how 6 meters ( 20-22 feet) when stretched
SMALL INTESTINE
when do most chemical digestion happen in small intestine
0.3M
what part is when proteins are broken down to amino acids
SMALL INTESTINE
carbohydrates such as startches and sugars are broken down into sugar
TRUE
what happens when fats are broken down
TURN INTO FATTY ACID/GLYCEROL
small intestine finger like structure
VILLI
a shorter but much broader organ than small intestine
LARGE INTESTINE
junction between small intestine and ascending colon
CECUM
what is main function of large intestine
ABSORB SALT AND MINERAL WATER
about 1.5 long
LARGE INTESTINE
how many hours can water stay in large intstine
18 to 14 HRS
large intestines can make what vitamins
VIT K AND B
process of transport and use of absorb nutrients throughout body
ASSIMILATION
solid waste that are not absorbed in large intestine made up from bacteria
FECES
temporarily stored in rectum/
FECES
process of removing undigested food from body
EGESTION
___________ and _________ are considered as digestive helpers
LIVER AND PANCREAS
what is largest and second largest organ in body
- SKIN
- LIVER
how many blood vessels in liver
3
bile =
GALLBLADDER
process that help breakdown large fat particles into smaller ones
AMULSIFICATION
soft triangular grand lying between the small intestine and stomach
PANCREAS
secrets the hormone insuline which plays an important in the control of the blood sugar level in the body
PANCREAS
cause: high calorie food consumption/ limited vegetables
GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASE
symptoms: change in bowel habits/sudden weight loss/ heart burn
GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASE
occurs when the linin of the inestine of the large intestine
DIARRHEA
cant maintain usual level of water/ excessive water loss
DIARRHEA
occur when a peristalsis moves stoll in colon too slowly
CONSTIPATION
colon reabsorbs too much water and stool becomes hard
CONSTIPATION
