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Pharmacology 3 > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the five stages of hemostasis?

A
  1. Vasoconstriction
  2. Formation of platelet plug
  3. Activation of clotting cascade
  4. Formation of Fibrin clot
  5. Clot Retraction and dissolution
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2
Q

What does the coagulation system do?

A

Forms a clot at an injured or inflamed site.

Also,

Prevents infection, stops bleeding, and provides framework for repair and healing.

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3
Q

What is the coagulation system composed of?

A

A platelet plug and crossed think mesh of protein called fibrin

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4
Q

When there is no side of injury what happends in the vessel?

A

The inside of the vessel activily repells clotting.

Actively anti-clotting

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5
Q

What do platelets look like?

What is there function?

How are they formed?

A
  • Disk Shaped cytoplasmic fragements-no nucleus
  • Essential for coagulation and control bleeding
  • Formed by fragmentation of megkaryocyte precursors
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6
Q

Megkaryokyte to—–>?

A

Platelet

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7
Q

What is hematopoiesis?

A

Is the process of blood cell formation

Occurs in the bone marrow after birth

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8
Q

What are the 2 stages in hematopoietic development?

A

Proliferation of precursor cells

Differentiation of precursor cells

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9
Q

Talk through the development of Platelets

What is this process called?

A

First starting for a megakaryocyte, the cell undergoes the nuclear phase of cell division,

But does not undergo cytoplamic division

The megakaryocyte expands due to DNA doubling, then they are broken into fragments.

Endomitosis

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10
Q

Platelets or thromombocytes are what?

A

membran bound fragments of megakaryocyte cytoplasm

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11
Q

Production and differentiation of megakaryocytes are regulated by Thrombopoietic growths factors:?

A

Thrombopoietin

Interleukin-11

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12
Q

Platelets are destroyed in the?

A

Spleen

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13
Q

True or False

Platelet function and count corelates to their function?

A

False

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14
Q

What is a normal Platelet count?

A

140,000- 340,000/mm3

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15
Q

ThromboCYTHEMIA count

A

greater than 600,000/mm3

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16
Q

Thrombocytopenia count

A

less than 100,000

17
Q

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) what occurs and how is it mediated?

A

Antibody mediated distruction of platelets

18
Q

How is ITP treated?

A

glucocorticosteriods

Thrombopoietin receptor agonists

19
Q

Hemostasis has 3 parts

A

Activation of platelets (primary)

Activation of coagulation factors (secondary)

Activation of the fibrinolytic system

20
Q

In what step is the fibrin clot and activation of clotting cascade?

A

2 secondary hemostasis

Activation of coagulation factor

21
Q

In hemostasis I, what occurs? What is it also called?

A

It is called primary hemostasis

Vasoconstriction and formation of a platelet plug

22
Q

In an uninjured blood vessel what stops the clotting and platelet activation?

A

Antiplatelet activities release mediators which inhibit the activation of platelets

Antithrombic activities inhibit the clotting cascade

Fibrinolytic activities breakdown clots

23
Q

What does dipyridamole do?

A

increases the cellular concentration of cAMP/cGMP

This prevents platelet activation

24
Q

Aspirin blocks what?

A

COX 1 its a really good inhibitor

Causing degranulation

25
Q

Clopidogrel blocks?

A

P2y12

Causing degranulation

26
Q

Platelets activation by the clotting cascade is activated by?

A

Thrombin

27
Q

What is thrombin formed by and what does it do?

What does it lead to?

A

Formed by coagulation cascade and it binds to Protease Activated Platelet receptors PAR1 and PAR2

Aggregation and activation of platelets

28
Q

Four factors secreted by platelets? During platelet degranulation

A
  1. ADP activates P2Y1 and P2Y12, this promotes platelet aggregation and secretion
  2. Thromboxane A2 (TXA) made via COX1 promotes platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction
  3. Serotonin(5-HT) promotes vasoconstriction
  4. PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor)
    1. Chemotactic, mitogenic
    2. Stimulated wound healing
29
Q

Platelet plugs dont form without what?

What drugs block this?

A

Fibrinogen

Abciximab, eptifibatide, tirofiban

30
Q

What complex is extremely important for platelet aggregation?

A

The GPIIb-IIIa fibrinogen complex

This is a dope ass drug target

31
Q

Platelets do what to increase efficacy?

A

Change shape to increase surface area

Pharmacology 3 (20 decks)

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