Herpes

Question 1

Acyclovir?

Answer 1

Nucleoside DNA polymerase inhibitor

Question 2

Lamivudine 3TC

As well as being used for HIV can also inhibit replication of?

Side or tide?

Answer 2

NRTI

HBV

Question 3

How do nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors cause termination of viral growth

Answer 3

• The lack of 3’-OH analog prevents the formation of the 5’ to 3’ phosphodiester linkage needed for chain elongation

Question 4

Oseltamivir blocks?

Answer 4

Neuraminidase

Question 5

Ritonavir?

MOA

DI AE

Answer 5

• Antiretroviral protease inhibitor
• Competitive inhibitor of HIV protease responsible for cleaving gag-pol precursor molecule
• Inhibit both HIV-1 and 2

DI

• Ritonavir is a substrate and potent inhibitor of CYP3A4
• Can act as a pharmacokinetic enhancer of drug metabolized by CYP450 3A

AE

• Hyperlipidemia, with large increases in total cholesterol and TG concentrations

Question 6

Penciclovir? Prodrug

MOA?

Answer 6

Nucleoside DNA pol inhibitor

MOA is the same as Acyclovir but is retained in HSV infected cells for much longer

It doesnt terminate the chain but inhibits DNA pol.

Resistance can occur with loss of thymidine activity

Question 7

Tenofovir?

Answer 7

Nucleotide RTI

Question 8

Acyclovir must be phosphorylated intracellualarly by?

Answer 8

viral thymidine kinase

Question 9

Integrase inhibitors?

Answer 9

Raltegravir, prevent virus DNA from integrating into host genome

Question 10

Acyclovir once converted to Acyclovir triphosphate does what?

More potent against?

Resistance can occur how?

Answer 10

Competitively inhibits viral DNA polymerase

against HSV

Resistance due to lack of thymidine kinase activity

Question 11

Zidovundine ZDV or AZT is a?

Nucleoside ot tide?

Answer 11

NRTI

Question 12

Maravoroc?

Answer 12

HIV entry inhibitor that stops binding with CCR5 receptor - Can interfere with immune response, not effective at all with CXCR4 because CCR5 isnt used

Question 13

Foscarnet?

AE?

Indicated for treatment of?

Answer 13

Nonnucleoside DNA pol inhibitor

treats acyclovir-resistant HSV, CMV retinitis

Can cause seizures, renal function, headache, vomit,

by IV only

Question 14

Cidofovir

Against what?

Synthetic?

AE

Administered?

Answer 14

NucleoTIDE DNA pol inhibitor

Against CMV retinitis

Synthetic Deoxyctidine phosphonate

Skips phosphorylation step

Via IV

Question 15

Ganciclovir

How is it activated?

Primarily against?

Resistance?

Adverse effects?

Answer 15

phosphorylation by viral protein kinase pUL97

Nucleoside DNA pol inhibitor

Primarily against CMV

Resistance by mutations in viral protein kinase and or viral pol gene

Black box warning granulocytopenia (neutropenia) and thrombocytopenia

Question 16

Zidovudine ZDV or AZT

AE

Answer 16

• Bone marrow toxicity causing anemia
• Lactic acidosis

Question 17

Acyclovir is primarily used against?

Answer 17

HSV and VZV

Question 18

Nevirapine, delavirdine and efavirenz are?

MOA

AE

Answer 18

• NNRTI
• They are not active against HIV-2
• NNRTIs bind directly noncompetitively to the RT enzyme at a site distinct from NRTI binding site
• Block DNA polymerase by causing a conformational change and disrupt the catalytic site of the enzyme

Question 19

Tipranavir

Answer 19

• Antiretroviral protease inhibitor
• non-peptidic protease inhibitor
• AE
  
  • Dose-dependent hepatotoxicity, lipodytrophy