Hepatitis

Question 1

HCV can cause chronic?

Answer 1

Infection, cirrhosis and carcinoma

Question 2

How to Entecavir work?

Answer 2

It slows the progression of chronic hepatitis B infection and improves liver inflammation and fibrosis caused by HBV

Question 3

Hepatitis?

Answer 3

An inflammation of the liver from any cause

Question 4

Viral Hepatitis

Answer 4

Is a viral disease that causes inflammation of the liver

Question 5

Hepatitis can be A-?

Answer 5

G

Question 6

Acute viral Hepatitis?

Answer 6

Inflammation of the liver that begins suddenly and lasts a few weeks

Question 7

HBV is spread by?

Answer 7

Sexual contact, perinatal

Question 8

Entecavir and Lamivudine are?

Answer 8

Nucleoside RTI Treat HBV

Question 9

Telaprevir, Simeprevir and Boceprevir are all? What do they so?

Answer 9

HCV NS3/4A protease inhibitors Inhibit replication by blocking the proteolytic activity of HCV protease NS3/4A

Question 10

Tenofovir and Adefovir are both?

Answer 10

Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Question 11

Chronic viral hepatitis?

Answer 11

Irreversible inflammatory disease of the liver a leading cause of death

Question 12

Interactions of HCV protease inhibitor drugs?

Answer 12

Act as inhibitors and substrates of CYP3A4 (boceprevir>telaprevir>simeprevir) • Also inhibitors and substrates of efflux transporter P-glycoprotein • Watch for interactions with other drugs that undergo same metabolism

Question 13

Hepatitis B is a ____ virus _____

Answer 13

dsDNA virus hepadnavirus

Question 14

What is the life cycle of HCV?

Answer 14

• Viral entry into the cells - Replication of the HCV genome depends on NS5B RNA replicase which subsequently converts genomic (t) RNA into (-) and back to (+) RNA - The messenger RNAs formed during the replicative cycle of HCV are translated to viral precursor proteins that are then cleaved by virus-encoded protease NS3/4A into mature structural and functional protein

Question 15

What is sofosbuvirs MOA?

Answer 15

Sofosbuvir blocks the NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of HCV

Question 16

Complications of chronic HBV include?

Answer 16

Cirrhosis- scarring of the liver 2) Decompensated cirrhosis - Increase in portal HTN - Splenomegaly - Encephalopathy - Jaundice 3) Hepatic Carcinoma

Question 17

Ribavirin?

Answer 17

IMP dehydrogenase inhibitor, crucial in making RNA including viral RNA

Question 18

HBV causes?

Answer 18

Cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 19

Sofosbuvir is?

Answer 19

HCV RNA polymerase NtRTI inhibitor

Question 20

Entecavir is the most ___ so far?

Answer 20

potent

Question 21

HCV virus type

Answer 21

Single stranded RNA flaviviridae (Like dengue, yellow fever)

Question 22

What are the common side effects of Entecavir?

Answer 22

Diarrhea, Headache, Fatigue, chills, vomit, anorexia

Question 23

HBV relies on what type of transcription?

Answer 23

Reverse transcription RNA—>DNA

Question 24

Telaprevir, Simeprevir and Boceprevir should always be used in combination with?

Answer 24

Ribavirin and Interferon alfa-2b

Question 25

Interferon alfa-2a

Answer 25

Interferon alfa-2a or 2b act similarly to endogenous IFN-α to inhibit viral replication and cleave single-stranded viral RNA.

Question 26

Problems and adverse effects of HCV protease inhibitors?

Answer 26

Resistance to both drugs has been demonstrated in HCV isolated from cell cultures and during clinical studies • Skin rash (in some case systemic symptoms-> fatal)