Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology 3 > Infections Slide set 5 > Flashcards

Infections Slide set 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 6 bacteria types?

A
  1. True Bacteria
  2. Filamentous Bacteria
  3. Spirochetes
  4. Mycoplasmas
  5. Rickettsia
  6. Chlamydia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Miroorganism/human relationship

A

Mutual relationship - Normal Flora - Relationship can be breached by injury + Leave their normal sites and cause infection elsewhere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Bacterial virulence and infectivity.

A

Bacteria must have iron to multiply (Siderophores) - Presence of polysaccharide capsules - Supression of complement activation - Bacterial proliforation rates can surpass protective response.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Bacteria can produce endotoxins and exotoxins whats the difference?

A

Endo- lipopolysaccharides contained in the cell walls of gram negative organisms. Pyrogenic effects Exo- Enzymes released during growth causing specific responses - Immunogenic - Antitoxin production.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Bacterial Sepsis? Associated with?

A

ARDS, DIC, Hemodynamic effects and renal failure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Staphylococcus aureus is?

A

Gram positive bacterial sepsis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bacteremia or septicemia

A
  • Presence of bacteria in the blood due to a failure of the body’s defense mechanisms
  • Usually caused by gram-negative bacteria
  • Toxins released in the blood cause the release of vasoactive peptides and cytokines that produce widespread vasodilation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Respiratory infections: Pneumonia

Community acquired

A

Pneumococcal pneumonia (strepto pneumoniae)

Mycoplasm in young

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Nosocomial Infection?

Pneumonia

A

Staph aureus, Kleb pneumoniae, P. Aeroginosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Immunocompromised patients?

Pneumonia

A

P. Jiroveci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Pneumonia Port of Entry

A
  • Aspiration of oropharyngeal secretions
  • Inhalation of aerosols
  • From blood bacteremia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Explain how Pneumococcal Pneumonia gets in and infects the body?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Respiratory Infections TB or Mycobacterium Avium complex

TB has the ___ death toll of any infectious pathogen

POA:?

TB—?

MAC in what type of patient?

How to detect TB?

A
  • Highest death toll
  • Airborne transmission
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • MAC in immunocompromised patients

Detected

  • Tubercle formation
  • Caseous necrosis
  • Positive tuberculin skin test (PPD)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Respiratory Infections: Acute bronchitis

What is it?

Bronchitis causes similar symptoms as? But doesnt demonstrate what?

A
  • Acute inflammation or infection of the airways or bronchi
  • Symptoms like pneumonia but doesnt demonstrate pulmonary consolidation and chest infiltrates
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Respiratory Infection: Acute epiglottitis

Most common in?

WHat happens how serious?

What bacteria causes it?

Symptoms?

Treatment?

A
  • Children
  • Severe rapid progressive, life threatening infection of the epiglottis and surrounding area
  • Usually cause by Haemophilus influenzae type B
    • Incidence decreased by HIB vaccine
  • High fever, sore throat, inspiratory stridor, sever respiratory distress
  • Emergency airway and antibiotics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a UTI ?

what are the 3 type?

A
  • UTI is inflammation of the urinary epithelium following invasion and colonization by some pathogen within the urinary tract
  • Complicated
  • Uncomplicated
  • Persistent
17
Q

What are the common pathogens that cause UTIs?

A
  • E.Coli
  • Staphylococcus saprophyticus
  • Enterobacter spp
18
Q

What is cystitis? Pertaining to UTIs

What are the symptoms?

How do you treat?

A
  • Cystitis is an inflammation of the bladder
  • Frequency, dysuria(hurts to pee), urgency, and lower abdominal and/or suprapubic pain
  • Antimicrobial therapy, increased fluid intake, avoidance of bladder irritants, and urinary analgesics
19
Q

GI infections?

_____ seen with dysentery

One other pathogen

A
  • Shigellosis
  • Campylobacter enteriris (Travelers Di)
20
Q

STDs there are 5 bacterial STDs and diseases to go with them

A
21
Q

Sexually transmitted Urogenital Infections

Gonorrhea

Cause by what species?

What type of bacteria are they?

A
  • Caused by microorganisms of the species Neisseria gonorrhoeae
  • Aerobic, non–spore-forming, gram-negative, diplococcus
  • Presence of pili helps the microorganisms attach themselves to the epithelial cells of mucous membranes
22
Q

Infections from species Neisseria gonorrhoeae can result in?

A
  • Disseminated gonococcal infection (CGI)
  • Perihepatitis
  • Ophthalmia neonatorum
23
Q

How is gonorrhea transmitted?

A
  • Transmission generally requires contact of epithelial surfaces
  • Gonorrhea also crosses amniotic membranes
  • Humans are the only natural hosts
24
Q

Syphillis

Primary ___

Secondary ___

Tertiary ____

Latent ____

Congenital____

A
  • primary: appearance of a chancre (painless ulcers on genitals)
  • secondary: mucocutaneous eruptions widespread hematogenous and lymphatic spread
  • tertiary: cardiovascular syphilis, neurosyphilis
  • latent syphilis: asymptomatic but potential recurrent infections
  • congenital
25
Q

Chlamydial infections

Trachoma?

A

Leading cause of preventable blindness

26
Q

Nongonococcal or nonspecific urethritis

A
  • Nonreportable STI
  • Syndrome caused most commonly by Chlamydia trachomatis
27
Q

What are other pathogens associated with urethritis?

A
  • Trichomonas vaginalis, herpes simplex virus, Ureaplasma urealyticum, and Mycoplasma
28
Q

Staphylococcus aureus infections

Commensal bacteria and _____ pathogen?

Super antigens?

Children? SSSS? others?

Hospital?

SOFT PAINS?

A
  • Opportunistic pathogen
  • Enterotoxin and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1)
    • Cause immune overactivation —> Toxic shock and food poisoning
  • Impetigo and Staph scalded skin syndrome (SSSS)
  • Most common cause of food borne outbreaks
  • Skin infection, Osteomyelitis, Food poisoning, Toxic shock syndrome, Pneumonia, Acute Endocarditis, Infective arthritis, Necrotizing fasciitis, Sepsis

Pharmacology 3 (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions