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Pharmacology 3 > Muma Quiz 1 GI > Flashcards

Muma Quiz 1 GI Flashcards

1
Q

Antacids Neutralize? Taken when and lasts for? Can affect the absorption of?

A

Neutralize gastric acid, taken 1 hr after meal effective for up to 2 hrs. Can affect absorption of drugs by direct binding or via increasing gastric pH.

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2
Q

Sodium bicarbonate What does it do? Brand names?

A

Reacts with HCl to produce NaCl and CO2 which causes belching and gastric distention. Baking soda, Alka Seltzer

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3
Q

Magnesium hydroxide & Aluminum hydroxide What does it do what are the brand names?

A

Maalox, Mytanta, Gelusil Reacts with HCl to form water and aluminum chloride or magnesium chloride. Magnesium salts not absorbed can cause osmotic diarrhea and aluminum salts can cause constipation so often used together.

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4
Q

H2 receptor antagonists

A

Cimetidine

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5
Q

Pharmaco kinetics of H2 receptor antagonists all but which one undergoes?

A

All but nizatidine under-go first pass metabolism resulting in 50% bioavailability. Cleared by both metabolism and excretion so need for dose reduction with severe renal dysfunction.

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6
Q

Pharmacodynamics of H2receptor antagonists

A

Highly selective H2 competitive antagonists which inhibit meal-stimulated but especially basal nocturnal gastric acid secretion and pepsin. Inhibit 60-70% of acid secretion per day.

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7
Q

H2 receptor antagonists AEs

A

Extremely safe, < 3% diarrhea, constipation, headache fatigue, myalgias In elderly in intensive care or renal or hepatic dysfunction- mental status perturbation Cimetidine inhibits binding of dihydrotestosterone to androgen receptors and estradiol metabolism so increases serum prolactin resulting in possible male gynecomastia or impotence and female galactorrhea. Cross placenta and excreted in breast milk

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8
Q

DIs of H2 antagonists

A

Competes with creatinine and with some drugs for renal tubule secretion Cimetidine inhibits P450 drug metabolism

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9
Q

Definitions of the 3 diseases of acid-peptic diseases

A
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10
Q

Factors that Protect (6) and Damage (9)

A
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11
Q

Parietal cell acid secretion

A
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12
Q

H. Pylori in Duodenal Peptic Ulcer Disease

What environment does it live in?

What does it do?

What does it produce?

What does this product cause?

What on the surface of this causes inflammation?

A
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13
Q

NSAIDS in Peptic Ulcer Disease

What type of inhibitor?

What type of inhibition is the biggest issue?

How does local injury happen?

Mortality?

A
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14
Q

Drugs used for Acid-peptic diseases

Drugs that reduce gastic acidity 3

and Mucosal protecting agents 3

A
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15
Q

Antacids 4

A
  1. Sodium Bicarb
  2. Calcium Carbonate
  3. Mg Hydroxide
  4. Aluminum hydroxide
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16
Q

H2 receptor antagonists 4 only need to know one

all are ___ except for?

A
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17
Q

PPIs

5

What types of drugs are these?

A
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18
Q

Mucosal Protecting Agents

3

A
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19
Q

Abx for the tx of helicobacter pylori-associated ulcers

4

only need to know 2

A
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20
Q

Overview of drug site of action

A
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21
Q

Laxative bulk forming

A
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22
Q

Bulk forming laxative 3

A
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23
Q

Stool Softeners

3

A
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24
Q

Osmotic Laxatives

4

A
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25
Q

Stimulant laxatives

2 types

A
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26
Q

Chloride Channel Activator

A

Lubiprostone

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27
Q

Opioid receptor antagonists

A
28
Q

5-HT4 agonists

A

Prucalopride

29
Q

Guanylate cyclase agonists

A
  • Plecanatide, Linaclotide
30
Q

Antidiarrheals

A
31
Q

Opioid agonists

A

Loperamide, Diphenoxylate

32
Q

Bismuth compounds

A
  • Bismuth subsalicylate
  • Nismuth subcitrate potassium
33
Q

Kaolin and pectin?

A

Chalk and Apples?

34
Q

Bile-salt binding resins

A
35
Q

Octreotide

A
36
Q

Antiemetics regulations of?

A
37
Q

Antiemetics

8

A
38
Q

5-HT3 antagonists

A
39
Q

Corticosteroids

A
40
Q

Neurokinin 1 receptor antagonists

A
41
Q

D2 dopmaine antagonists

A
42
Q

Substituted benzamides

A
43
Q

H1 antihistamine and anticholinergics

A
44
Q

Benzos

2

A

Loraz, Diaz

45
Q

Cannabinoids

A

Bronabinol

Nabilone

46
Q

IBS

Chronic ___ disorder

____ discomfort and? Both or neither?

Disorder that doesnt lead to?

Caused by?

Prevalence?

A
47
Q

Types of IBS 4

A
48
Q

Treatment of IBS with Diarrhea

A
49
Q

IBS with constipation

A
50
Q

Lifestyle and Alternative medicine for IBS

Avoid or reduce?

4 other things

A
51
Q

Low FODMAPs Diet

What does it stand for?

What are they?

What does this lead to?

A
52
Q

IBD

Chronic disease that causes?

How does it begin?

periods of?

What is the goal of therapy?

A
53
Q

IBD 2 types

  • Inflammation usually extends from the mucosa through the entire thickness of the bowel wall
  • Inflammation limited to the mucosa of the colon
  • Inflammation limited to the colon
  • Can affect any area of the GI tract from the mouth to the anus
  • Thuse fistulas, abscesses or strictures of the bowel much less common
  • Thus may lead to fistulas, abscesses or strictures of the bowel much less common
A
54
Q

Symptoms of IBD

Most common symptoms are?

Other symptoms are?

Inflammation outside the GI can cause?

Children with the disease may have?

A
55
Q

IBD OTC tx 3 things

A
56
Q

Rx med for IBD

A
57
Q

Aminosalicylates

A
58
Q

Targeting Aminosalicylates

A
59
Q

Glucocorticoids

A
60
Q

Immunomodulators

A

And methotrexate

61
Q

Anti-Tumor necrosis factor

A

*

62
Q

Anti-integrin

A
63
Q

Abx for IBS

A
64
Q

Celiac Disorder

___ - mediated intestinal disorder

Characterized by?

Predisposed?

Dietart proteins in?

A
65
Q

Diagnosis of Celiac Disease

How does it present

What type of testing?

Biopsy where?

A
66
Q

Tx for celiac disease

Life long?

Initially?

Refractory disease?

A

Pharmacology 3 (20 decks)

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