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Yr 2 EOYS ^2 > Quick Facts 8 > Flashcards

Quick Facts 8 Flashcards

1
Q
A

SUFE

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2
Q

What condition is this? [1]

A

Pes cavus

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3
Q

What condition is this? [1]

A

Hammer toes

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4
Q

This is picture depicts

Pes cavus
Pes planus
Club foot
hallux valgus
hammer toes

A

Hallux valgus: bunions

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5
Q
A

Lamella: Trabecular

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6
Q
A

Spiral

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7
Q
A

Brodies abcess

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8
Q
A

tendon sheaths of long extensor muscles

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9
Q
A

Bulla

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10
Q
A
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11
Q

What is this condition? [1]

A

Dupuytrens contracture

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12
Q

Which muscle has caused this avulsion facture indicated by the two arrows in the image?

Hamstrings
Sartorius
Rectus femoris
Gluteal muscles
Iliopsoas

A

Which muscle has caused this avulsion facture indicated by the two arrows in the image?

Hamstrings
Sartorius
Rectus femoris
Gluteal muscles
Iliopsoas

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13
Q
A

Loss of medullary fat signal in AVN

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14
Q
A

OA

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15
Q

Which shows Pagets diease? [1]

A

B

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16
Q
A

Pannus

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17
Q

Ligament A prevents which of the following movements in relation to the femur?

A

Prevents anterior movement of tibia

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18
Q

Ringworm is aka? [1]

A

Tinea corporis

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19
Q

Tinea corporis is caused by what class of pathogen? [1]

Name two common genera [2]

A

Dermatophyte fungi of the genera Trichophyton and Microsporum.

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20
Q

Label the causes of A-D

A

A: normal
B: OA
C: RA
D: septic arthritis

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21
Q
A

Quadriceps

The patella tendon inserts into the tibial tuberosity. In patients with Osgood-Schlatter disease, multiple minor avulsion fractures occur where the patella ligament pulls away tiny pieces of the bone. This leads to growth of the tibial tuberosity, causing a visible lump below the knee. Initially, this lump is tender due to inflammation. As the bone heals and inflammation settles, the lump becomes hard and non-tender.

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22
Q
A

Common peroneal

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23
Q
A

OA

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24
Q

Name a pathology to ulnar nerve that is similar to median nerve and carpal tunnel syndrome [1]

A

Guyons canal syndrome

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25
Q
A

Woven bone

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26
Q

What is going on in this muscle biopsy?

Group atrophy
Loss of type 1 fibres
Loss of type 2 fibres
Muscle fibre type grouping after reinnervation
Denervation

A

What is going on in this muscle biopsy?

Group atrophy
Loss of type 1 fibres
Loss of type 2 fibres
Muscle fibre type grouping after reinnervation
Denervation

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27
Q
A

Dorsiflexorsx

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28
Q

Which two lines are used as diagnostic procedure in this x-ray? [2]

A

Hilgrenreiners and acetabular lines

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29
Q

What type of fracture is the red arrow?

Burst
Communicated
Compound
Crush

A

What type of fracture is the red arrow?

Burst
Communicated
Compound
Crush

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30
Q

This fracture is likely to be caused by which MSK disease? [1]

A

Osteoporosis: crush fracture

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31
Q

What type of fracture is depicted?

Burst
Communicated
Compound
Crush

A

Burst

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32
Q
A

Tendon of extensor digitorum

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33
Q

Which layer of the epidermis is D? [1]

A

Stratum lucidim

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34
Q

State the order of layers in epidermis

A

BSGLC

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35
Q

What condition causes the synovial fluid sample? [1]

A

Septic arthritis - blood orange

RA - lighter orange

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36
Q

What derfomity is depicted? [1]

A

Swan neck

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37
Q
A

Syndesmophyte

are calcifications or heterotopic ossifications inside a spinal ligament or of the annulus fibrosus.​ They are seen in only a limited number of conditions including:

ankylosing spondylitis
ochronosis
fluorosis
reactive arthritis
psoriatic arthritis

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38
Q
A

Sub-capital

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39
Q
A

Plantar fascia

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40
Q
A

Arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint

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41
Q
  1. crush
    fracture
  2. burst
    fracture
  3. comminuted
    fracture
  4. Potts
    fracture
  5. impacted
    fracture
A
  1. burst
    fracture
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42
Q
  1. osteoarthritis
  2. carpal tunnel
    syndrome
  3. Dupuytren’s
    contracture
  4. plantar
    fasciaitis
  5. ulnar canal
    syndrome
  6. Volkman’s
    contracture
A
  1. osteoarthritis
  2. carpal tunnel
    syndrome
    3. Dupuytren’s
    contracture
  3. plantar
    fasciaitis
  4. ulnar canal
    syndrome
  5. Volkman’s
    contracture

Dupuyten’s contracture is a contracture of the palmar fascia that causes usually the little and ringer finger to go into flexion.

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43
Q

Dupuyten’s contracture is a contracture of the [] fascia that causes usually the [] and [] finger to go into flexion.

A

Dupuyten’s contracture is a contracture of the palmar fascia that causes usually the little and ringer finger to go into flexion.

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44
Q

The loss of the medullary fat signal indicates [] of the femoral head.

A

The loss of the medullary fat signal indicates avascular necrosis of the right femoral head.

If MRI think AVN

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45
Q

What condition is shown in this MRI?

  1. right sided
    avascular
    necrosis of
    femoral head
  2. left sided
    avascular
    necrosis of
    femoral head
  3. right sided
    osteoarthritis
  4. left sided
    femoral neck
    fracture
  5. left sided
    osteoarthritis
  6. right sided
    femoral neck
    fracture
A

1. right sided
avascular
necrosis of
femoral head
2. left sided
avascular
necrosis of
femoral head
3. right sided
osteoarthritis
4. left sided
femoral neck
fracture
5. left sided
osteoarthritis
6. right sided
femoral neck
fracture

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46
Q

What is the sign? [1]

What is the most likely diease? [1]

A

Brodies abscess

Osteomyelitis

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47
Q
  1. osteoarthritis
  2. pseudo-gout
  3. osteomalacia
  4. osteomyelitis
  5. gout
A
  1. osteoarthritis
    2. pseudo-gout
  2. osteomalacia
  3. osteomyelitis
  4. gout
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48
Q
  1. transverse
  2. greenstick
  3. spiral
  4. comminuted
  5. impacted
A
  1. transverse
  2. greenstick
    3. spiral
  3. comminuted
  4. impacted
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49
Q

Name this sign [1]

A

Volkman’s contracture

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50
Q

Volman’s contracture is a result of

  1. spinal cord
    injury
  2. compartment
    syndrome
  3. osteoarthritis
  4. peripheral
    nerve injury
  5. rheumatoid
    arthritis
A

Volman’s contracture is a result of

  1. spinal cord
    injury
    2. compartment
    syndrome
  2. osteoarthritis
  3. peripheral
    nerve injury
  4. rheumatoid
    arthritis
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51
Q
  1. basal cell
    carcinoma
  2. squamous
    cell
    carcinoma
  3. cavernous
    hemangioma
  4. melanoma
  5. seborrhoeic
    keratoses
A

1. basal cell
carcinoma
2. squamous
cell
carcinoma
3. cavernous
hemangioma
4. melanoma
5. seborrhoeic
keratoses

52
Q

What is the name of this tissue? [1]

A

Panus

53
Q
  1. gout
  2. pseudo gout
  3. rheumatoid
    arthritis
  4. osteoarthritis
  5. avascular
    necroisis
A
  1. gout
  2. pseudo gout
  3. rheumatoid
    arthritis
    4. osteoarthritis
  4. avascular
    necroisis
54
Q
A

abduction
and
adduction
of the
digits

This is claw hand. The ulnar nerve innervates the intrinsic muscles of the hand so abduction and adduction
of the digits would be lost. The other movements are produced by the median and radial nerves that are not
affected in this individual.

55
Q
  1. proteoglycan
  2. collagen
    type III
  3. collagen
    type IV
  4. elastic fibre
  5. collagen
    type I fibre
A

1. proteoglycan
2. collagen
type III
3. collagen
type IV
4. elastic fibre
5. collagen
type I fibre

56
Q

Label A-E

A

A Axillary nerve
B Radial nerve
C Musculocutaneous nerve Musculocutaneous nerve
D Median nerve
E Ulnar nerve

57
Q

What muscle tendon weakness could lead to this condition? [1]

  1. plantaris
  2. tibialis
    anterior
  3. extensor
    digitorum
  4. gastrocnemius
  5. extensor
    hallucis
    longus
A
  1. plantaris
    2. tibialis
    anterior
  2. extensor
    digitorum
  3. gastrocnemius
  4. extensor
    hallucis
    longus

tibialis anterior inserts onto the top of the medial longitudinal arch and provides a dynamic pull to maintain
the arch.

58
Q
  1. subscapularis
  2. trapezius and
    deltoid
  3. deltoid and
    supraspinatus
  4. biceps and
    triceps
  5. infraspinatus
    and teres
    minor
A
  1. infraspinatus
    and teres
    minor
59
Q
A

Bouchards
nodes

60
Q

Phalen’s sign tests for which condition? [1]

A

Carpel tunnel

61
Q

name this sign [1]

what condition does it test? [1]

A

Tinels sign: carpel tunnel - press and feel tingling

62
Q
  1. nucleolar
  2. homogenous
  3. speckled and nucleolar (mixed)
  4. centromere
    5.speckled
A

1. nucleolar
2. homogenous
3. speckled and nucleolar (mixed)
4. centromere
5.speckled

63
Q
  1. chondrocytes
  2. lymphocytes
  3. osteocytes
  4. neutrophils
    5.
    synoviocytes
A
  1. lymphocytes
64
Q
  1. Congenital
    dysplasia of
    the hip
  2. Genu valgum
  3. Perthes
  4. Slipped
    upper
    femoral
    epiphysis
  5. Osteomyelitis
  6. Osteomalacia
A
  1. Congenital
    dysplasia of
    the hip
  2. Genu valgum
    **3. Perthes **
  3. Slipped
    upper
    femoral
    epiphysis
  4. Osteomyelitis
  5. Osteomalacia
65
Q
A

lichenification

66
Q
  1. parallel with
    surface
  2. perpendicular
  3. at 45 degrees
    to surface
  4. random oblique
  5. spheroidal
A
  1. parallel with
    surface
  2. perpendicular
  3. at 45 degrees
    to surface
    4. random oblique
  4. spheroidal
67
Q
  1. Paget’s
    disease
    osteoporosis
  2. osteomalacia
  3. osteomyelitis
  4. avascular
    necrosis
A
  1. Paget’s
    disease
    osteoporosis
    **3. osteomalacia **
  2. osteomyelitis
  3. avascular
    necrosis
68
Q

What is line A? [1]

A

Perkins line

69
Q
A

Pannus

70
Q

Describe the type of flexion at the ankle during club foot [1]

A

Plantar flexed at ankle and genu varum

71
Q
A

Abduction

72
Q
A

Abduction

73
Q
A

Adduction

74
Q
A

Flexion

75
Q
A

Extension

76
Q
A

Abduction

77
Q
A

Flexion

78
Q
A

anterior
cruciate
ligament
reconstruction

79
Q
A

kyphoplasty

80
Q
A

loss of
medullary
fat signal in
AVN

81
Q
  1. hemiarthroplasty
  2. compression
    plate
  3. percutaneous
    fixation
  4. intramedullary
    nail
  5. k wires
A
  1. hemiarthroplasty
    2. compression
    plate
  2. percutaneous
    fixation
  3. intramedullary
    nail
  4. k wires
82
Q
A

A: serous cystadenocarcinoma

B: mucinous cystadenocarcinoma

C: endometroid ovarian carcinoma

83
Q

Which of the following is most common?

Teratoma
Dysgerminoma
Yolk sac tumour
Choriocarcinoma
Embryonal carcinoma

A

Which of the following is most common?

Teratoma
Dysgerminoma
Yolk sac tumour
Choriocarcinoma
Embryonal carcinoma

84
Q
A

A: Vas deferens
B: IEV
C: gonadal vessels

85
Q

Which is the most common cause of bacterial caused brain abscess?

Streptococcus agalactiae
Streptococcus mutans
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Neisseria meningitidis
Staphylococcus aureus

A

Which is the most common cause of bacterial caused brain abscess?

Streptococcus agalactiae
Streptococcus mutans
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Neisseria meningitidis
Staphylococcus aureus

86
Q

ID the CN

CN II
CN III
CN IV
CN V
CN VI

A

ID the CN

CN II
CN III
CN IV
CN V
CN VI

87
Q

Which prostate zone surrounds the ejaculatory ducts? [1]

A

central zone

88
Q
  1. dense irregular
    fibrocollagenous
    tissue
  2. dense regular
    fibrocollagenous
    tissue
  3. compact bone
  4. cancellous bone
  5. hyaline cartilage
A
  1. dense irregular
    fibrocollagenous
    tissue
  2. dense regular
    fibrocollagenous
    tissue
  3. compact bone

4. cancellous bone (trabeculae bone)

  1. hyaline cartilage
89
Q

What type of imaging method is demonstrated here? [1]

A

Myelogram

90
Q

Role of B? [1]

A

Control of
visual and
auditory
reflexes and
conjugate eye
movements

91
Q

In this cross section of a peripheral nerve, what type of fibre has a morphology as
illustrated by C?

  1. C axon
  2. A-beta
    axon
  3. A-gamma
    axon
  4. A-alpha axon
  5. A-delta axon
A

In this cross section of a peripheral nerve, what type of fibre has a morphology as
illustrated by C?

  1. C axon
  2. A-beta
    axon
  3. A-gamma
    axon
  4. A-alpha axon

5. A-delta axon

91
Q

In this cross section of a peripheral nerve, what type of fibre has a morphology as
illustrated by C?

  1. C axon
  2. A-beta
    axon
  3. A-gamma
    axon
  4. A-alpha axon
  5. A-delta axon
A

In this cross section of a peripheral nerve, what type of fibre has a morphology as
illustrated by C?

  1. C axon
  2. A-beta
    axon
  3. A-gamma
    axon
  4. A-alpha axon

5. A-delta axon

92
Q

Where is the lesion? [1]

A

Left optic
radiation

93
Q

E is

  1. White ramus
  2. Dorsal root
  3. Grey ramus
  4. Sympathetic
    chain
  5. Ventral root
A

E is

1. White ramus
2. Dorsal root
3. Grey ramus
4. Sympathetic
chain
5. Ventral root

94
Q

Deciding what we see in terms of foreground and background is a function of

Parietal
association
cortex

Temporal
association
cortex

Primary
visual
cortex

Visual
association
cortex

  1. Primary
    motor
    cortex
A

Deciding what we see in terms of foreground and background is a function of

Parietal
association
cortex

Temporal
association
cortex

Primary
visual
cortex

Visual
association
cortex

  1. Primary
    motor
    cortex
95
Q
  1. cervical C2
  2. cervical C7
  3. thoracic
  4. lumbar L4
  5. lumbar L1
  6. sacral
A
  1. cervical C2

2. cervical C7

  1. thoracic
  2. lumbar L4
  3. lumbar L1
  4. sacral
96
Q

Which cranial nerve passes through the foramen indicated by the asterisk?

  1. Trochlear
  2. Optic
  3. Occulomotor
  4. Abducens
  5. Trigeminal
    (ophthalmic
    division)
A

Which cranial nerve passes through the foramen indicated by the asterisk?

  1. Trochlear
    2. Optic
  2. Occulomotor
  3. Abducens
  4. Trigeminal
    (ophthalmic
    division)
97
Q
A

Great saphenous vein

98
Q

A lesion causing ipsilateral flaccid paralysis would affect which area?

A

E

99
Q

Identify the teres minor muscle in the picture of the superficial posterior shoulder

A

C

100
Q
  1. follicular
    epithelium

2.sweat gland

  1. submandibular
    gland
  2. sebaceous
    gland
  3. dermal papilla
A
  1. follicular
    epithelium

2.sweat gland

  1. submandibular
    gland
  2. sebaceous
    gland
  3. dermal papilla
101
Q

what is the condition caused by compression of structure A?
1. claw hand
2. Volkmann
contracture
3. wrist drop
4. ape hand
5. foot drop

A

what is the condition caused by compression of structure A?
1. claw hand
2. Volkmann
contracture
3. wrist drop
**4. ape hand **
5. foot drop

102
Q

Identify the structure which prevents adduction of the leg.

  1. A
  2. G
  3. B
  4. D
  5. F
  6. C
  7. E
A

Identify the structure which prevents adduction of the leg.

  1. A
  2. G
  3. B
  4. D
  5. F
    6. C
  6. E
103
Q

Which tests are being perfomed in this photo? [2]

Which ligaments are they testing? [2]

A

The valgus stress test (photo A) is used to assess the integrity of the medial collateral ligament

while the varus stress test (photo B) is used to assess the lateral collateral ligament.

104
Q

Which ligament is being tested here? [1]

A

Varus stress test: MCL

105
Q
  1. maturing and
    hypertrophying
    cartilage
  2. reserve
    cartilage
  3. degenerating
    cartilage and
    matrix
    calcification
  4. bone formation
  5. proliferating
A
  1. maturing and
    hypertrophying
    cartilage
    2. reserve
    cartilage
  2. degenerating
    cartilage and
    matrix
    calcification
  3. bone formation
  4. proliferating
106
Q
  1. extensor
    pollicis
    longus
  2. abductor
    pollicis
    longus
  3. flexor
    pollicis
    longus
  4. abductor
    pollicic
    brevis
  5. extensor
    pollicis
    brevis
A

1. extensor
pollicis
longus
2. abductor
pollicis
longus
3. flexor
pollicis
longus
4. abductor
pollicic
brevis
5. extensor
pollicis
brevis

107
Q
A

H

108
Q
A

Thalamus

109
Q
A

E

110
Q
A

Satellitie cells:
Satellite glial cells, formerly called amphicytes,[1] are glial cells that cover the surface of neuron cell bodies in ganglia of the peripheral nervous system.

111
Q
  1. Central sulcus
  2. Precentral
    sulcus
  3. Post central
    sulcus
  4. Calacrine
    sulcus
  5. Cingulate
    sulcus
  6. Parietoccipital
    sulcus
A
  1. Central sulcus
  2. Precentral
    sulcus
  3. Post central
    sulcus
  4. Calacrine
    sulcus
    5. Cingulate
    sulcus
  5. Parietoccipital
    sulcus
112
Q
A

Schwann cell

113
Q
A

Type 1 pneumocyte

114
Q
A
  1. inferior nasal concha
115
Q
  1. right ventricle
  2. atrioventricular
    sulcus
  3. anterior
    interventricular
    sulcus
  4. left ventricle
  5. coronary sulcus
A
  1. right ventricle
  2. atrioventricular
    sulcus
    3. anterior
    interventricular
    sulcus
  3. left ventricle
  4. coronary sulcus
116
Q
  1. fundus
  2. pylorus
  3. body
  4. duodenum
  5. incisura angularis
  6. antrum
A
  1. fundus
  2. pylorus
  3. body
  4. duodenum
  5. incisura angularis
    6. antrum
117
Q
  1. common hepatic
    artery
  2. splenic artery
  3. gastroduodenal
    artery
  4. right gastric artery
  5. left gastric artery
A
  1. common hepatic
    artery
  2. splenic artery
    3. gastroduodenal
    artery
  3. right gastric artery
  4. left gastric artery
118
Q
  1. internal oblique
  2. transverse fascia
  3. external oblique
    aponeurosis
  4. rectus femoris
  5. transversus
    abdominis
A
  1. internal oblique
  2. transverse fascia
    3. external oblique
    aponeurosis
  3. rectus femoris
  4. transversus
    abdominis
119
Q
A

Stomach

120
Q

In what position are the metacarpophalangeal and PIP joints in this individual? [2]

A
  1. MCP =
    hyperextension, PIP
    = flexion

Ulnar nerve injury results in the classic claw-hand deformity because of the wasting of small hand muscles. The deformity is formed by hyperextension of th
metacarpophalangeal joint and flexion at the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints of the fourth and fifth digits. There is wasting of the interosseous and
hypothenar muscles, as well as the hypothenar eminence. The patient is unable to abduct or adduct the digits.

121
Q
A
122
Q
A

Musculocutaneous

123
Q
A

The Smith’s is an anterior displacment of the distal fragment, so the hand is displaced anteriorly relative to the rest of the forarm. The Colles’s is a dorsal di
of the distal frgament, giving the classic dinner fork deformity.

124
Q
A

The Smith’s is an anterior displacment of the distal fragment, so the hand is displaced anteriorly relative to the rest of the forarm. The Colles’s is a dorsal di
of the distal frgament, giving the classic dinner fork deformity.

Yr 2 EOYS ^2 (42 decks)

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