Questions Flashcards
Semantic memory deals with what?
Facts and concepts
What is procedural memory?
Skills
Working memory dysfunction affects brain regions where?
Inside and outside the prefrontal cortex
Working memory effects what?
Reasoning, comprehension, memory, learning
SN2 likes hindered or unhindered?
Unhindered
What solvent is a SN2 favored in?
Polar Aprotic
A polar protic compound has?
A hydrogen attached to an oxygen or nitrogen
Neutrophines are what?
Protective agents in brain
Two types of declarative memory
Semantic and episodic
Define Juxtapose
Place side of side
What is the WORK formula, in regards to an object moving?
work = mass x gravity x change in height w = m x g x [delta] H
What is escape learning?
Change in behavior to REMOVE unpleasant behavior
What is avoidance learning?
A behavior change for an unpleasant experience ABOUT to occur
Define continuous reinforcement
Reward given when behavior is shown Anytime reward is shown
What are the 4 kinds of partial reinforcement?
Fixed-ratio Variable-ratio Fixed-interval Variable-ratio
From left to right on a phase diagram, what’re the phases?
Solid, liquid, gas Think of a solid and it is turning into a gas, right to left
What is hookes law’s formula?
Force = spring constant x distance F = k * x
Spring constant formula is what?
k = m * g / x Or N / m
Potential energy formula for spring
Potential E = 1/2 * k * x^2
Correlation
Method of using comparisons to show similarities
What is the ideal gas law
PV = nRT
A left shift in hemoglobin will cause what to happen to O2 affinity?
Hemoglobins affinity for O2 will increase
A right shift in the hemoglobin affinity curve will result in what??
Hemoglobin will have a lower affinity for O2
A left shift results from what happening to the ph, DPG, Temp?
pH increase DPG decrease Temp decrease
A right shift results from what changes in pH, DPG, and Temp
pH decrease (acidic) DPG increases Temp increases Remember is RIGHT to excercise, which causes TEMP INCREASE, your body to become more ACIDIC and DPG increase
Syllogism uses what kind of reasoning to come up with a conclusion?
Deductive
Watt is a unit of _______?
Power
Inertia formula
I = m x r² Remember that inertia is like the example of spinning in a chair, when your mass is closer to the center of the radius you will go faster, and vice versa
Current formula in regards to coulumb and time?
I = Q / t (C / s)
Wavelength (λ) is __________ proportionate to Wave Frequency (ω)
Inversely
Wavelength formula in regards to speed and frequency?
λ = v / f
Does a convex lense converge or diverge?
Converges CONVEx and CONVErge
Does a concave lense converge or diverge?
Diverges
Converging light increases/decreases the size of an image? Diverging light increases/decreases the size of an image?
Increase Decrease
Potential energy formula for spring?
PE = ½kx²
Potential energy formula object falling?
PE = mgh
PE spring = PE falling object formula
½kx² = mgh
What is conserved in the collision of two objects (non-ellastic)?
total momentum
What is conserved in an ellastic collision?
Total Kinetic energy
What are shielding e-?
electrons in closer subshells that protect the nucleus
Effective nuclear charge is ______ proportional to stability Effective nuclear charge is ______ proportional to Ionization energy? Effective nuclear charge increases from…?
Directly Directly Left to Right
What is ionization energy? Ionization energy is _______ proportional to its size?
The energy it takes to remove e- inversely
Flow rate formula
= Cross-sectional area (m^2) X Velocity
What’re the two power formulas?
Power = work / time Power = flow rate X pressure
Area formula
π×m²
You have a capacitor with two plates. The plate charge ratio is given, and between each plate the voltage is known. What is an equation for solving this type of problem?
C = Q/V Capacitor (farads) = Charge (coulombs) / Voltage
You have a TORQUE mechanism, with a force pushing against it and a fulcrum, or center point. What is an equation to solve this type of problem??
Torque = Force X Radius X sinø
What is the STP? 3 versions of temperature 2 versions of pressure
Temperature: 273 K 0 °C 32 °F Pressure: 100 kPa 1 atm
There is a force pushing against an object that is moving in a circular motion, what formula will help you, also what direction is the force directed?
F = m X v²/r Inward
Buoyancy formula given an object in water and its mass
Buoyancy Force = mass X g
A person on a scale on an elevator going a constant acceleration will notice that the scale shows?
No change in weight
Resistors in series are ______ together?
Added
Voltage Current Resistor formula?
V = IR
Real images occur when light _____, where virtual images occur when light ________.
Converges Diverges
You are given image distance and/or object distance and/or focal point, what equation can be used?
1/di + 1/do = 1/f
H20 specific heat
1 cal / g C
When light goes from low density to higher density what happens to its speed and how is it refracted?
It slows It bends towards the normal
When light goes from higher density to lower what happens to its speed and how is it refracted?
Speeds up Bends away from normal
In light, what is a red shift? how does it’s frequency change?
Moving away or lower frequency
What are the electrons like in unpolarized light? which way do they oscillate?
in many different ways
In polarized light what is the oscillation of electrons like?
follows a plane,
Power of current and voltage formula?
P=IV
What is the kinetic energy formula for an object moving at a speed
KE = 1/2 mv²
When you polarize light, what happens to it’s intensity?
Decreased by 1/2
What is Coulombs inverse square law, dealing with particles and their distance relative to one another?
F = k q1q2 / r²
What is the law of reflection?
The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of relfection
How do you find the total capacitance when you have capacitors in parrallel
Add them together
Momentum equation - which deals with an object moving
mass x velocity
How many nodes makes up a wavelength?
2 nodes
Archimedes principle
The buoyant force is equal to the weight of fluid displace
Energy of a photon equation?
E = hc / λ The photon is light and has a wavelength as well moves at the speed of sound Energy is in Joules
Specific gravity formula
SG = density of substance / density of water
What is the density of water???
1000 kg/m³ 1 g/cm³ 1 g/ml
cm³ = ?
ml
Calculate a Diopter
D = 1/f D is the optical power of the lens and f is the focal length
Calculate the weight of something given a mass
Weight = m * g
Vf² =
Vi² + 2aΔX
Work formula for a force that is moving something
W = Force x Displacement
Boyles Law
P1V1 = P2V2
Work formula with force displacement and angle
Work = Force x displacement x Cos
Decibel formula
Decibel = 10 log 10 (power ratio)
1 rev or revolution = ??? in rad or radians
2 pi
Newtons 1st law
An object is at rest or in motion until acted upon by ext. force
Newtons 2nd law
Force = mass x acceleration
Newtons third law
For every force on object there is an equal and opposite force exerted by the object
What is spherical aberration?
An optical problem when all incoming lightr ays end up focusing at different points after passing through a spherical surface
“inter” means what? “intra” means what?
With others among self
What is the impact on boiling point of the following? Rank from causing a higher boiling point to lower. Dispersion (london forces) Hydrogen bonds Ionic bonds dipole-dipole Weight Surface area
Ionic>Hydrogen>dipole-dipole>dispersion Increase weight or surface area = increase BP
Mole / Liter equals what?
Molarity (M)
If the base is the analyte and the acid is the titrate what will the pH curve look like?
It will start at a high pH and fall steeply at pH 7
On titrations the graph is plotted by what?
pH of solution versus the volume of titrant added
Dow would you calculate percentage yield if your given two numbers in grams?
Find the weight in moles of the theoretical. (moles/gram) Find the yield of product in grams Actual yield / theoretical yield
What is the acid formula for an equilibrium question?
HA + H20 -> H30+ + A-
Ka equation of equilibrium
Ka = ([H3O+][A-] / [HA] Products over reactants
What happens to the melting point when you have impurities?
The mp will decrease slightly.
Gel electrophoresis tests what
Protein lengths
In aromatic rings what are the number of pi possiblities you can have?
2,6,10, 14, 18 4n+2 For each double bond multiplied by two
Catecholamines do what to glycogenolysis?
Increase
What size is glucose ring?
6 members
What size is fructose a ring size?
5 members
What is sucrose made up of?
Glucose and fructose
Bacterial expression of human proteins is cheap/expensive and predictable/unpredictable
Cheap Predictable
What is better organic synthesis or vector synthesis for protein expression in humans
Vector expression
When you think of speed what physics formula should you think of?
Kinetic energy K = 1/2 mv²
Kinetic energy is what unit?
joules
How do you find the total mechanical energy?
E = PE + KE potential energy + kinetic energy
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
Energy is neither created or destroyed
Whats the difference between conservative forces and nonconservative forces?
conservatives forces don’t dissipate energy
When conservative forces are present the total mechanical energy will ?
stay constant
Nonconservative work formula = ?
Wnonconservative = ΔE = ΔPE + ΔKE Nonconservative work = Δ Mechanical energy = ΔPotenial + ΔKinetic
When WORK is done BY a system it is said to be ? Work done ON a system?
+ -
Work is the change in ?
Energy (joules)
Net work is equal to what kind of Δenergy?
Δ Kinetic energy Kf - Ki
The zeroeth law of thermodynamics states that if
a = b and b = c then a = c in terms of equillibrium This is pretty much saying that no heat flows in objects where there is thermal equillibrium
What is the farenheit formula if you are given celcius?
F = 9/5 C + 32
Thermal expansion formula for an object is what?
ΔL = aLΔT
A liquid undergoing thermal expansion, use what formula?
ΔV = BVΔT
Isolated systems cannot exchange what?
Energy and matter
Closed systems will exchange
energy but NOT matter
Open systems exchange what?
Energy and matter
The change in internal energy (ΔU) in a system is equal to what?
ΔU = Q - W energy transferred into system as heat minus the work done by the system
1 Cal = ? cal = ? J = ? BTU
10³ cal = 4184 J = 3.97 BTU
1 cal = ? J
4.184 J
Specific heat of water is?
1 cal / g * K
Heat transfer equation =
mcΔT
A solid going to gas phase is called?
sublimation
A gas turning into a solid is called?
deposition
What is fusion in thermodynamic phase changes?
Solid turning to liquid
Entropy equation
ΔS = Q(reversible) / Temperature
Thermodynamics: ΔU = Q - W + ΔU - ΔU
Increase temperature Decrease temperature U = Change in internal energy of system
Thermodynamics: ΔU = Q - W + Q = ? - Q = ?
Heat into the system Heat out of the system Q = heat (J)
Thermodynamics : ΔU = Q - W + W = ? -W = ?
Work done BY system (expansion) Work done TO system (compression) Work (J)
