Psych/Soc 3 Flashcards
Social facilitation
We perform better on simple tasks in presence of others
For tough tasks, you perform worse (yerkes dodson)
What is deindividuation?
When in a group (mobs, uniform) your behavior becomes worse
What is social loafing?
When in big group others don’t put in much effort
Anticipatory socialization
Process by which a personprepares for future changes, happens more in adulthood
What is resocialization?
Process by which one discards old behaviors in favor of new ones
What is an ascribed status?
Born into it status
What is the master status?
How we are seen, current status
What are secondary groups?
Interactions that are superficial, few emotional bonds
Opposites attract if…?
They are complementary
A person is attracted to another when there is self disclosure, what is this?
When people can share their fears, thoughts, and goals without nonjudgmental empathy
How do reciprocity influence attraction?
We like people who like us
What part of the brain modulates impulsiveness?
prefrontal cortex
What does the cognitive neoassociation model state?
it states that aggression is linked to negative emotion
What is a secure attachment?
Reliable and secure, child can explore and prefers caregiver
What is the avoident attachment?
Caregiver doesn’t respond to distressed child
child show no preference to caregiver
An ambivalent attachment is what?
Care giver is inconsistent
Child distressed when caregiver leaves, mixed when they return
Disorganized attachment is what?
Care giver is erratic or socially withdrawn
child shows no consistent pattern of behavior toward caregiver
Polygyny is what?
Male mates with multiple females
Polyandry is what?
Females mate with multiple males
What is fisherian (runaway) selection?
when trait has no survival effects but is exaggerated over time
Peacock
What are indicator traits?
a trait that signifies overall good health
What is game theory?
The conflict that results in individuals in conflict and their results from behavior
What is evolutionary Stable strategy? ESS
natural selection will prevent other strategies from arising
What is inclusive fitness?
an individual organisms success
What is social perception?
Making judgements and impressions on others
Impression bias is what?
selection of cues to form interpretations of others
What is the primacy effect?
1st impressions more imporant than other interactions
What is recency effect?
The most recent impression is most important
In impression bias what is the reliance on central traits?
Your impression is based on a persons central trait
eg - intelligence, trust,
What is the implicit personality theory in impression bias’?
Judgments on personality are made quickly, often subconsciously
What is the halo effect?
The general perception of a person affects overall impression of individual
“i like him, he must be a good man, honest, friendly”
Whats the just-world hypothesis?
Charma
good things happen to good people and vice versa
What is the self-serving bias?
Own success based on internal factors
Failures based on external factors
attribution theory is what?
we use cues to determine if a persons behavior is dispositional or situational
What is a dispositional behavior?
The behavior is internal, relating to person
ie beliefs, attitudes, personalities
What is a situational behavior in the attribution theory?
When behavior is related to external causes such as surroundings
ie - threats, money, social norm
What is the fundamental attribution error?
We blame someones behavior on dispositional (the internal person) rather than situational
Sterotype content model does what?
attempts to classify stereotypes with warmth and competence.
what is stereotype threat?
A person is worried about confirming a negative stereotype about them
What is a predjudice?
an irrational positive or negative attitude toward person or thing PRIOR to an actual experience with that entity
What is ethnocentrism?
when you make a judgement about other cultures based on the beliefs or values of your own culture
What is cultural relativism?
Concept devised to compare and understand other cultures
discrimination is the?
predjucial attitudes that cause bad treatments of others
What is functionalism?
A theoretical framework that explains how parts of society fit together to create a cohesive whole
What is manifest function
An intended positive effect
What is a latent function in a society?
unintended positive effect on a system
During a demographic transition, what is the birth/death rates like in stage 1?
High birth and death rates
During a demographic transition, what is the birth/death rates like in stage 2?
Mortality rates drop and birth stays high
During a demographic transition, what is the birth/death rates like in stage 3?
Birth rates drop
During a demographic transition, what is the birth/death rates like in stage 4?
Both birth and death rates are low
What is self-determination theory?
That one wants to emphasize autonomy, relatedness, and competence
What is fundamental attribution error?
Making dispositional assumptions (like internal factors) rather than situational (like external factors) to attribute ones success/failure.
What is self-effacing bias?
Attributing success to external factors
Freudian perspectives focus on?
The unconscious
What is the humanist perspective?
Helping people become more self-actualized people, more fulfilled
Using free will
What is belief perserverence?
When given opposing arguments, people tend to discard opposing opinions of their own and more greatly accept opinions matching their own.
What is behavioral modeling?
When someone unconsciously or consciously imitates a behavior being down
What is inattentional blindness?
Not noticing an object because you are focused on something else.
What’s the difference between social constructionism and social interactionism?
Interactionism focuses on how we interact through symbols and communication
Constructionism is how we as a society construct concepts and principles
What is the rational choice theory?
Using a pro’s and con’s list
What is exchange theory?
It is like rational theory, but instead of individuals it focuses on ones interactions in a group setting
