QUANTITATIVE

Question 1

Aspirin and NSAIDs - Aspirin

Answer 1

acetylate the cyclooxygenase enzyme

Question 2

add one compound to the enzyme making it non functional

Answer 2

acetylase

Question 3

Cyclooxygenase enzyme secretes

Answer 3

Thromboxane and Prostaglandin

Question 4

CoX 2 inhibitor

Answer 4

Naproxen and Ibuprofen

Question 5

Ticlopidine and Clopidogrel

Answer 5

Antiplatelet medication

Question 6

prevent blood clots inside the blood vessel by preventing plt aggregation

Answer 6

Antiplatelet medication

Question 7

prevent blood clots inside the blood vessel by preventing plt aggregation

Answer 7

Antiplatelet medication

Question 8

administered to enhance fibrinolysis

Answer 8

Dextran

Question 9

SIGNIFICANT PLT COUNT AND INTERPRETATION

Answer 9

Significant plt levels (plt count and clinical manifestation) ● <100,000/ul - abnormally low
● 30,000-50,000/ul- bleeding possible
● <30,000- spontaneous bleeding
● <5,000/ul- severe spontaneous bleeding

Question 10

Thrombocytopenia

Answer 10

possible bleeding anytime for the patient
● Decreased in circulating platelet
● Less than 100,000/uL

Question 11

Thrombocytosis

Answer 11

significant with other manifestations
● Hall Mark for myeloproliferative diseases
● Increase in circulating plt
● More than 450,000/uL

Question 12

THROMBOCYTOPENIA

Answer 12

1. Decrease production
2. Blood transfusion
3. Increased destruction/consumption
4. Splenic sequestration

Question 13

• Large platelet, dohle like bodies (20 um)
• Mutation in MYH9 gene: encodes for the myosin heavy chain: which affects plt activation

Answer 13

MAY HEGGLIN ANOMALY

Question 14

• Large platelet, dohle like bodies (20 um)
• Mutation in MYH9 gene: encodes for the myosin heavy chain: which affects plt activation

Answer 14

MAY HEGGLIN ANOMALY

Question 15

• Absence/ hypoplasia in radial bones

Answer 15

TAR SYNDROME

Question 16

• Bone and visceral organ abnormalities
• pancytopenia
• Neonates

Answer 16

FANCONI ANEMIA

Question 17

• Small platelets
• Absence of megakaryocytes
  (chlorthiazide, tolbutamide)
• directly affect the fetal BM megakaryocyte
• 72 hours of birth : mothers pregnancy or baby’s delivery was exposed to TORCH infection
• TORCH- Toxoplasma Rubella CMV HIV-HERPES
• There is a case that the megakaryocyte is absent

Answer 17

NEONATAL THROMBOCYTOPENIA

Question 18

Low plt

Answer 18

BSS

Question 19

• Dense granules
• Small plt

Answer 19

WISKOTT ALDRICH

Question 20

for HIV treatment

Answer 20

Zidovudine

Question 21

treatment for thrombocytosis:

Answer 21

Anagrelide

Question 22

long term consumption of ethanol will be subjected to thrombocytopenia.

Answer 22

Ethanol

Question 23

restoring plts due to chemotherapy to stimulate BM to reproduce more megakaryocyte.

Answer 23

Recombinant IL2

Question 24

Donor

Answer 24

lost of platelet containing blood product

Question 25

Recipient

Answer 25

May have alloantibodies directed against the antigens of blood products

Question 26

TTP- thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

Answer 26

Deficiency disintegrate + ADAMTS 13- gene that produces enzyme that controls vWF (uncontrolled very large)

Question 27

Disease TRIAD: MHA thrombocytopenia and neurologic abnormality Moschowitz syndrome

Answer 27

TTP- thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

Question 28

DIC- Disseminated intravascular coagulation

Answer 28

Plt are trapped in fibrin clotsbecause of simultaneous coagulation

Question 29

DIC- Disseminated intravascular coagulation

Answer 29

Acute onset with plt consumption, Factor V,VIII and fibrinogen reduced level
Life threatening

Question 30

-vWF involvement

Answer 30

HUS- Hemolytic uremic syndrome

Question 31

• No apparent cause
• Presence of anti-platelet AB (IgG)
• Anti-plt antibodies destroys GpIIbIIIa
• Remove to the circulation by the reticuloendothelial cells

Answer 31

ITP - idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura renamed to immune TP

Question 32

HIT- Heparin Induced thrombocytopenia

Answer 32

• Develops IgG antibody specific for heparin plt factor 4 complex
• Due to unfractioned heparin administration
• Heparin helps plt factor IV for aggregation

Question 33

Acute: 1-3 weeks infection from mumps, chicken pox, measles (viral infection) Ag binds to AB = immune complex- plt GpIIBIIIa abrupt onset, usually on children.

Answer 33

Characterized by bruising, petechiae and epistaxis

Question 34

Chronic: any age onset

Answer 34

Characterized by: menorrhagia, epistaxis and bruising

Question 35

Splenic sequestration

Answer 35

• ⅓ of plt sequestered on spleen

Question 36

true thrombocytosis
- Has unregulated plt production and has variable size
- More than 450,000/uL
- Hallmark of myeloproliferative disorders : polycythemia Vera, chronic myelofibrosis. (Can exceed 1M/uL or go as High as 2M/uL
- Essential thrombocythemia

Answer 36

Primary thrombocytosis

Question 37

true thrombocytosis
- Has unregulated plt production and has variable size
- More than 450,000/uL
- Hallmark of myeloproliferative disorders : polycythemia Vera, chronic myelofibrosis. (Can exceed 1M/uL or go as High as 2M/uL
- Essential thrombocythemia

Answer 37

Primary thrombocytosis

Question 38

Compensate the loss plt due to trauma
- Does not exceed 800,000/uL
- Secondary to inflammation and trauma (childbirth, splenectomy,IDA)
- Betterment of body
- Normal plt morphology
- Variable sizes
- Plt function normally because they could respond to normal stimuli or regulatory stimuli.

Answer 38

Secondary/ Reactive thrombocytosis