Pulmonology Flashcards
In which lobe do you find the cardiac notch?
The left superior lobe.
What separates the lobes of the left lung?
The oblique fissure
What lines separate the lobes of the right lung?
Which is more superior?
Horizontal fissure and the Oblique fissure
The horizontal fissure.
What spaces do the inferior borders of the lungs enter when we inhale deeply and where blood pools when stabbed in lungs?
1) The costomediastinal recess
2) The costodiaphragmatic recess
Which structure in the airways has C shaped cartilage?
Trachea
Bronchi have irregular cartilage, bronchioles have no cartilage.
Where is an inhaled foreign object more likely to be stuck?
Right lower lobe through from the right main bronchus
What is the last division of bronchi before the switch to bronchioles?
Segmental bronchi
What do we call the ridge that separates the right and left primary bronchi?
The carina
What are the bronchopulmonary segments for the superior lobe of the right lung?
Apical
Anterior
Posterior
What are the bronchopulmonary segments for the middle lobe of the right lung?
Lateral
Medial
What are the bronchopulmonary segments for the inferior lobe of the right lung?
Superior
Anterior basal
Posterior basal
Lateral basal
Medial basal
What are the bronchopulmonary segments for the superior lobe of the left lung?
Apical
Posterior
Anterior
Superior
Inferior
What are the bronchopulmonary segments for the inferior lobe of the left lung?
Superior
Anterior basal
Posterior basal
Medial basal
Lateral basal
What are the two combined segments in the superior lobe of the left lung?
Apicoposterior (Apical / Posterior)
Lingular (Superior / Inferior)
What is the combined segment in the inferior lobe of the left lung?
Anteromedial basal (Anterior Basal / Medial Basal)
In the hilum of the lung, what is typically more superior and is the thicker-walled vessel?
What is typically more anteroinferior and is the thinnest-walled structure?
What is typically more posteroinferior and is the thicker-walled structure and also contains cartilage in the wall?
What is hanging pleura from the root of the lung?
1) Pulmonary A.
2) Pulmonary V.
3) Main Bronchus
4) Pulmonary L.
What is adherent to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum and the diaphragm?
What is adherent to the lungs and extends into the fissures?
1) Parietal pleura
2) Visceral pleura
What occurs when enough air enters the pleural cavity to break the surface tension between the two layers of pleura?
Pulmonary collapse
Entry of air into the pleural cavity from a penetrating wound to the thoracic wall which results in the collapse of the lungs is known as?
Accumulation of excess fluid in the pleural cavity usually the result of fluid escaping into the pleural cavity is known as?
Accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity, usually the result of laceration of an intercostal vessel or internal thoracic vessel rather than laceration of the lung is known as?
1) Pneumothorax
2) Hydrothorax
3) Hemothorax
What is the bronchus/bronchiole/alveolar pathway?
1) Main Bronchus
2) Superior lobar bronchus
3) Segmental bronchus
4) Conduction bronchioles
5) Terminal Bronchioles
6) Respriatory Bronchioles
7) Alveolar ducts
Bronchial asthma is a widespread narrowing of the airways produced by?
Contraction of smooth muscle
A bronchoscopy is the insertion of a bronchoscope into the trachea to visualize?
The main bronchi
What carries oxygenated blood under high pressure to lungs to provide nourishment?
What carries deoxygenated blood under low pressure for gas exchange?
1) Bronchial arteries
2) Pulmonary arteries
The groove for subclavian artery is found where?
On left lung
