Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

CPR Exam 1 > Cardiac Cycles and Sounds > Flashcards

Cardiac Cycles and Sounds Flashcards

1
Q

The cardiac cycle starts with what wave?

A

P-wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The p-wave is associated with?

A

Atrial depolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The P wave usually initiated by?

A

SA node

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the conduction velocity in the AV Node?

A

Slow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Due to slow conduction velocity in the AV node there is a pause between?

A

Depolarization of the atria and that of the ventricles leading to PR interval

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The QRS complex represents the?

A

Ventricular depolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

There is a time delay between the QRS and the increase in?

A

Ventricular pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The T-wave indicates?

It occurs before?

A

1) Ventricular repolarization

2) Relaxation of ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When are all the ventricular myocytes depolarized?

A

ST interval

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the duration of the cardiac cycle?

A

0.8 seconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The period from the QRS complex to the T wave is the?

A

Ventricular systole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When does atrial systole occur?

A

During P wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When does ventricular diastole occur?

A

Relaxation of ventricle (after t wave)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the range for aortic pressure?

A

80 to 120 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the range for ventricular pressure?

A

0 to 120 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the range for ventricular volume?

A

120 to 50 mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the sudden uptick in aortic pressure when the aortic valve closes?

A

The dicrotic notch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What on the EKG is happening as the dicrotic notch is happening?

A

T wave winding down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why does the aortic pressure drop a while after the ventricle contracts?

A

Due to peripheral runoff (blood entering peripheral tissues)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Why does jugular pressure increase just after the P wave?

A

Atria contract and squeeze the jugular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

When is the peak in ventricular pressure relative to the EKG?

A

Just before T wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The a wave is the jugular pressure wave created by?

A

Atrial contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Since there is no valve between the atria and great veins, the pressure is?

A

Reflected backwards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The c wave is the jugular pressure wave created by?

There is bulging of the wall back into?

A

1) Period of isovolumetric contraction in the ventricles

2) Atria

25
The v wave is the jugular pressure wave created as?
Blood returns back to the heart but can't enter ventricle
26
The aortic pressure decreases throughout?
Atrial contraction
27
When the ventricular pressure exceeds the atrial pressure what happens to the AV valves? Why?
Close to prevent blood from flowing back into atria
28
What is occurring in the period of isovolumetric contraction?
The ventricular volume remains constant while ventricular pressure increases dramatically
29
Normal aortic pressure is?
120/70
30
Normal pulmonary artery pressure is?
25/15
31
In order to open the aortic valve, the ventricular pressure must exceed?
The diastolic pressure on each side
32
What happens to aortic pressure when blood is ejected into the aorta?
Increases
33
What is the period in which no blood enters or leaves the ventricle while it is relaxing because both the AV and aortic valves are closed?
Isovolumetric relaxation
34
When the atrial pressure exceeds the ventricular pressure what happens?
The AV valves will open and blood moves from atria to ventricles
35
What ECG wave occurs when sodium influx is occuring in atrial myocytes?
P wave
36
The first heart sound is associated with? | What actually makes the "lub" sound?
1) Closure of AV valves | 2) Blood in atria hitting the closed valves as it tries to enter ventricle
37
The second heart sound "dub" is associated with? | What makes the sound?
1) Closing of the aortic and pulmonary valves | 2) Blood in aorta/pulmonary artery backlows off closed valves
38
What creates the third heart sound that can usually be heard in just children?
Blood rushing into ventricle during rapid filling phase
39
When can the fourth heart sound be heard normally in children? What creates it?
1) Atrial contraction | 2) Last little bit of blood being squeezed into ventricle
40
What ways can cause a systolic murmur?
1) Blood moving into atria caused by mitral regurgitation | 2) Blood can't get into aorta/pulmonary artery due to stenosis
41
What ways can cause a diastolic murmur?
1) Blood is moving back from the aorta or pulmonary artery into the ventricle caused by aortic regurgitation 2) Blood can't get into the ventricle due to stenosis
42
What is happening to the ventricles between the c and v waves of jugular pressure?
Ventricles are contracting
43
A slow action potential results from the influx of?
Calcium
44
What part of the EKG matches up with the phase 0 depolarization of the ventricular myocytes?
QRS complex
45
During diastole which heart valves are open?
Mitral and tricuspid valves
46
During isovolumetric contraction which heart valve is open?
No valve is open
47
Which side of the heart pumps the most blood?
Both sides pump the exact same
48
Pressure in the outflow tracts is greater than pressure in the ventricles describes?
Diastole
49
What occurs simultaneously to the QRS complex on an EKG strip?
Closure of the mitral valve
50
What leads to the "topping off" of the ventricles?
Atrial systole
51
What does an increase in preload and afterload do to murmurs?
Makes them louder
52
What are the two diseases where murmurs are made quieter by increased afterload?
1) Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) | 2) Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy (HOCM)
53
Do murmurs of the right side of heart get louder or softer with inspiration?
Louder
54
What should you expect if you hear a crescendo decrescendo murmur?
Aortic stenosis
55
What heart issue might you expect if you hear a murmur in someone with a history of rheumatic fever?
Mitral valve regurgitation
56
Holosystolic murmurs are often related to?
Tricuspid or mitral regurgitation
57
What disease may correspond to a murmur in a patient with a CT disease?
Aortic regurgitation
58
What heart sound is associated with myxomatous valvular disease?
Mitral valve prolapse

CPR Exam 1 (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions