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Anatomy 6513 UNIT 2 > Pterygopalatine Fossa > Flashcards

Pterygopalatine Fossa Flashcards

1
Q

The infratemporal fossa is ___ to the pterygopalatine fossa

A

lateral

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2
Q

What is the general shape of the pterygopalatine fossa

A

upside down tear drop

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3
Q

The infratemporal fossa is associated with ___ openings

A

7

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4
Q

the pterygopalatine fossa is a “hub” for ____ supplying ___

A

nerve and arteries supplying MIDDLE FACE

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5
Q

What is the main ganglion located in the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

pterygopalatine ganglion CN 7

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6
Q

Pterygopalatine ganglion is associated with CN __

A

CN 7

*remember pterygppalatine fossa is associated with supplyinng middle FACE ie FACIAL NERVE

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7
Q

Pterygopalatine ganglion (CN 7) attaches to ___ via 2 short pterygopalatine nerves

A

CN V2 Maxillary

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8
Q

Pterygoplatine ganglion attaches to CN V2 maxillary nerves via ____

A

2 short pterygopalatine nerves

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9
Q

The pterygopalatine ganglion has ___ (parasympathetic or sympathetic?) fibers

A

both

ha trick question

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10
Q

Which synapse in pterygopalatine ganglion: parasympathetic of sympathetic fibers

A

parasymp only

remmeber sympathetic fibers synapsed in superior cervical ganglion

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11
Q

Name the 7 openings of the pterygopalatine fossa

A
  1. pterygomaxillary fissure
  2. sphenopalatine foramen
  3. foramen rotundum
  4. inferior orbital fissure
  5. pterygoid canal
  6. pharyngeal canal aka palatovaginal canal
  7. palatine canal
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12
Q

The 3rd part of maxillary artery passes through ___

A

pterygomaxillary fissure

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13
Q

Pterygomaxillary fissure transmits the 3rd part of ___

A

maxillary artery

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14
Q

What is the 3rd part of maxillary artery?

What is it transmitted through?

A

3rd part = terminal branches.
transmitted through pterygomaxillary fissure

branches:

  1. superior alveolar (post, mid, ant)
  2. infraorbital a
  3. sphenopalatine a
  4. a. of pterygoid canal
  5. a. of pharyngeal canal
  6. descending palatine aa
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15
Q

What are the temrinal branches of the 3d part of maxillary artery?

What are they transmitted through?

A

branches:

  1. superior alveolar (post, mid, ant)
  2. infraorbital a
  3. sphenopalatine a
  4. a. of pterygoid canal
  5. a. of pharyngeal canal
  6. descending palatine aa

transmitted through pterygomaxillary fissure

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16
Q

What is the venous drainage in pterygomaxillary fissure

A

anterior pterygoid plexus

posterior pterygoid plexus

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17
Q

anterior pterygoid plexus drains into ___

A

facial vein

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18
Q

posterior pterygoid plexus drains into ___

A

two options:

  1. maxillary vein -> retromandibular vein -> IJV
  2. posterior branch with posterior auricular vein -> EJV
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19
Q

The pterygomaxillary fissure is on the __ side of the pterygopalatine fossa

It opens up into the ____

A

lateral

infratemporal fossa

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20
Q

The sphenopalatine foramen is on the ___ side of the pterygopalatine fossa

It opens up into the ____

A

medial

nasal cavity

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21
Q

The foramen rotundum is on the ___ side of the pterygopalatine fossa

It opens up into the ____

A

posterosuperior

middle cranial fossa (cranial cavity)

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22
Q

The inferior orbital fissure is on the ___ side of the pterygopalatine fossa

It opens up into the ____

A

anterosuperior

floor of orbit

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23
Q

The pterygoid canal is on the ___ side of the pterygopalatine fossa

It opens up into the ____

A

posterior

middle cranial fossa (cranial cavity)

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24
Q

the pharyngeal canal is on the ___ side of the pterygopalatine fossa

It opens up into the ____

A

posterior

nasopharynx

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25
The palatine canal is on the ___ side of the pterygopalatine fossa It opens up into the ____
inferior roof of oral cavity
26
The sphenopalatine foramen is formed by what 2 structures?
sphenoid bone and perpendicular plate of palatine bone
27
The sphenopalatine foramen transmits what artery?
sphenopalatine artery and 2 branches 1. posterior septal branch 2. posterior lateral nasal branch
28
Sphenopalatine artery supplies ___
lower septum and lateral wall
29
Sphenopalatine artery is transmitted through ___
sphenopalatine foramen
30
Sphenopalatine foramen transmits what nerve?
nasopalatine nerve (CN V2) and it's main branch posterior lateral nasal nerve
31
Posterior lateral nasal nerve is a branch of ___
nasopalatine nerve (CN V2)
32
Posterior lateral nasal nerve is transmitted through __
sphenopalatine foramen
33
Nasopalatine nerve (CN V2) is transmitted through __
sphenopalatine foramen
34
Foramen Rotundum transmits what nerve?
main trunk of maxillary nerve (CN V2)
35
Inferior orbital fissure is found on the ___ aspect of the orbit
posterior inferior orbit
36
inferior orbital fissure transmits what nerves?
Infraorbital nerve and zygomatic nerve (and branches)
37
Infraorbital nerve is transmitted through __
inferior orbital fissure and continues through to infraorbital foramen to supply face
38
Zygomatic nerve is transmitted through __
inferior orbital fissure
39
zygomatic nerve in inferior orbital fissure branches into:
zygomaticofacial nerve | zygomaticotemporal nerve
40
Zygomaticofacial and Zygomaticotemporal nerve are transmitted through ___
inferior orbital fissure because they are branches off of zygoamtic nerve
41
The pterygoid canal runs posterior-anteriorly through ____ bone
sphenoid bone
42
Pterygoid canal connects what 3 fossa/foramen?
foramen lacerum, pterygopalatine fossa, sphenopalatine foramen
43
Foramen lacerum, pterygopalatine fossa, sphenopalatine formaen are all connected through ___
pterygoid canal (within sphenoid bone)
44
What arteries does inferior orbital fissure transmit?
``` infra-orbital artery zygomatic artery (and zygomaticofacial a. / zygomaticotemporal a) ``` AKA accompanying arteries associated with nerves transmitted through inferior orbital fissure
45
The pterygoid canal transmits what nerve?
vidian nerve of pterygoid canal
46
The vidian nerve of pterygoid canal is going to ___
pterygopalatine ganglion
47
the pterygopalatine ganglion contains only ____ fibers
autonomic
48
What artery is transmitted through pterygoid canal?
pterygoid branch of maxillary artery or "artery of pterygoid canal"
49
Pharyngeal canal aka ___
palatovaginal canal
50
The pharyngeal canal is found superior/lateral to _____ bone
to the alae of vomer bone
51
The pharyngeal canal is found ___ to the alae of the vomer bone
superior/lateral
52
Describe where the pharyngeal canal is relative to the pterygoid canal
pharyngeal cana is ~1cm anterior/medial to pterygoid canal
53
Pharyngeal canal transmits __ nerve
pharyngeal nerve (CN V2)
54
Pharyngeal canal transmits __ artery
pharygneal branch of maxillary artery or "artery of pharyngeal canal"
55
What goes through the pharyngeal canal?
both the pharyngeal nerve and the pharyngeal artery
56
Which is more likely: a pharyngeal groove or canal?
pharyngeal groove
57
How is the pharyngeal groove/canal angled? Why?
angled obliquely to serve pharynx to follow the musculature of the pharynx
58
How does the palatine canal run relative the palatine bones of the maxilla?
Palatine canal runs vertically just lateral to the perpendicular plate of palatine bine of maxilla
59
The palatine canal transmits __ nerve
greater palatine nerve (CN V2) | lesser palatine nerve (CN V2)
60
The palatine canal transmits __ artery
greater palatine artery (maxillary branch) | lesser palatine artery (maxillary artery)
61
If the greater palatine artery/lesser palatine artery emerge as one, this is called the __ artery
descending palatine artery this eventually with split into greater/lesser palatine artery
62
Does the descending palatine artery exist in everyoen?
no | sometimes greater and lesser palatine arteries immediately separate from each other
63
What is transmitted through the greater palatine foramen
greater palatine nerve (CN V2) | greater palatine artery (max branch)
64
What is transmitted through the lesser palatine foramen
lesser palatine nerve (CN V2) | lesser palatine artery (max branch)
65
Pterygopalatine ganglion attaches to CN V2 by ____
2 short pterygopalatine nerves
66
Pterygopalatine nerves attach the pterygopalatine ganglion to ___
CN V2 branches
67
The pterygopalatine ganglion recieves ___
the vidian nerve of pterygoid canal
68
What fibers are found in the vidian nerve of pterygoid canal?
only autonomics (parasymp and symp fibers)
69
In the vidian nerve of pterygoid canal, which are pre-ganglionic and which are post-ganglionic fibers? sympathetic/parasympathetic
parasympathetic - pre-ganglionic fibers | sympathetic - post-ganglionic
70
The post-ganglionic sympathetic fibers heading to the pterygoid ganglion come from ____
deep petrosal nerve (internal carotid plexus)
71
The pre-ganglionic parasympathetic fibers heading to the pterygoid ganglion come from ___
greater petrosal nerve (facial nerve, cn 7)
72
The vidian nerve of pterygoid canal supplies ____
autonomics to the lacrimal gland, nasal gland, palatal gland

Anatomy 6513 UNIT 2 (14 decks)

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