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Anatomy 6513 UNIT 2 > Pterygopalatine Fossa > Flashcards

Pterygopalatine Fossa Flashcards

1
Q

The infratemporal fossa is ___ to the pterygopalatine fossa

A

lateral

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2
Q

What is the general shape of the pterygopalatine fossa

A

upside down tear drop

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3
Q

The infratemporal fossa is associated with ___ openings

A

7

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4
Q

the pterygopalatine fossa is a “hub” for ____ supplying ___

A

nerve and arteries supplying MIDDLE FACE

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5
Q

What is the main ganglion located in the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

pterygopalatine ganglion CN 7

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6
Q

Pterygopalatine ganglion is associated with CN __

A

CN 7

*remember pterygppalatine fossa is associated with supplyinng middle FACE ie FACIAL NERVE

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7
Q

Pterygopalatine ganglion (CN 7) attaches to ___ via 2 short pterygopalatine nerves

A

CN V2 Maxillary

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8
Q

Pterygoplatine ganglion attaches to CN V2 maxillary nerves via ____

A

2 short pterygopalatine nerves

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9
Q

The pterygopalatine ganglion has ___ (parasympathetic or sympathetic?) fibers

A

both

ha trick question

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10
Q

Which synapse in pterygopalatine ganglion: parasympathetic of sympathetic fibers

A

parasymp only

remmeber sympathetic fibers synapsed in superior cervical ganglion

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11
Q

Name the 7 openings of the pterygopalatine fossa

A
  1. pterygomaxillary fissure
  2. sphenopalatine foramen
  3. foramen rotundum
  4. inferior orbital fissure
  5. pterygoid canal
  6. pharyngeal canal aka palatovaginal canal
  7. palatine canal
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12
Q

The 3rd part of maxillary artery passes through ___

A

pterygomaxillary fissure

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13
Q

Pterygomaxillary fissure transmits the 3rd part of ___

A

maxillary artery

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14
Q

What is the 3rd part of maxillary artery?

What is it transmitted through?

A

3rd part = terminal branches.
transmitted through pterygomaxillary fissure

branches:

  1. superior alveolar (post, mid, ant)
  2. infraorbital a
  3. sphenopalatine a
  4. a. of pterygoid canal
  5. a. of pharyngeal canal
  6. descending palatine aa
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15
Q

What are the temrinal branches of the 3d part of maxillary artery?

What are they transmitted through?

A

branches:

  1. superior alveolar (post, mid, ant)
  2. infraorbital a
  3. sphenopalatine a
  4. a. of pterygoid canal
  5. a. of pharyngeal canal
  6. descending palatine aa

transmitted through pterygomaxillary fissure

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16
Q

What is the venous drainage in pterygomaxillary fissure

A

anterior pterygoid plexus

posterior pterygoid plexus

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17
Q

anterior pterygoid plexus drains into ___

A

facial vein

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18
Q

posterior pterygoid plexus drains into ___

A

two options:

  1. maxillary vein -> retromandibular vein -> IJV
  2. posterior branch with posterior auricular vein -> EJV
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19
Q

The pterygomaxillary fissure is on the __ side of the pterygopalatine fossa

It opens up into the ____

A

lateral

infratemporal fossa

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20
Q

The sphenopalatine foramen is on the ___ side of the pterygopalatine fossa

It opens up into the ____

A

medial

nasal cavity

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21
Q

The foramen rotundum is on the ___ side of the pterygopalatine fossa

It opens up into the ____

A

posterosuperior

middle cranial fossa (cranial cavity)

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22
Q

The inferior orbital fissure is on the ___ side of the pterygopalatine fossa

It opens up into the ____

A

anterosuperior

floor of orbit

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23
Q

The pterygoid canal is on the ___ side of the pterygopalatine fossa

It opens up into the ____

A

posterior

middle cranial fossa (cranial cavity)

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24
Q

the pharyngeal canal is on the ___ side of the pterygopalatine fossa

It opens up into the ____

A

posterior

nasopharynx

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25
Q

The palatine canal is on the ___ side of the pterygopalatine fossa

It opens up into the ____

A

inferior

roof of oral cavity

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26
Q

The sphenopalatine foramen is formed by what 2 structures?

A

sphenoid bone and perpendicular plate of palatine bone

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27
Q

The sphenopalatine foramen transmits what artery?

A

sphenopalatine artery and 2 branches

  1. posterior septal branch
  2. posterior lateral nasal branch
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28
Q

Sphenopalatine artery supplies ___

A

lower septum and lateral wall

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29
Q

Sphenopalatine artery is transmitted through ___

A

sphenopalatine foramen

30
Q

Sphenopalatine foramen transmits what nerve?

A

nasopalatine nerve (CN V2) and it’s main branch

posterior lateral nasal nerve

31
Q

Posterior lateral nasal nerve is a branch of ___

A

nasopalatine nerve (CN V2)

32
Q

Posterior lateral nasal nerve is transmitted through __

A

sphenopalatine foramen

33
Q

Nasopalatine nerve (CN V2) is transmitted through __

A

sphenopalatine foramen

34
Q

Foramen Rotundum transmits what nerve?

A

main trunk of maxillary nerve (CN V2)

35
Q

Inferior orbital fissure is found on the ___ aspect of the orbit

A

posterior inferior orbit

36
Q

inferior orbital fissure transmits what nerves?

A

Infraorbital nerve and zygomatic nerve (and branches)

37
Q

Infraorbital nerve is transmitted through __

A

inferior orbital fissure and continues through to infraorbital foramen to supply face

38
Q

Zygomatic nerve is transmitted through __

A

inferior orbital fissure

39
Q

zygomatic nerve in inferior orbital fissure branches into:

A

zygomaticofacial nerve

zygomaticotemporal nerve

40
Q

Zygomaticofacial and Zygomaticotemporal nerve are transmitted through ___

A

inferior orbital fissure

because they are branches off of zygoamtic nerve

41
Q

The pterygoid canal runs posterior-anteriorly through ____ bone

A

sphenoid bone

42
Q

Pterygoid canal connects what 3 fossa/foramen?

A

foramen lacerum, pterygopalatine fossa, sphenopalatine foramen

43
Q

Foramen lacerum, pterygopalatine fossa, sphenopalatine formaen are all connected through ___

A

pterygoid canal (within sphenoid bone)

44
Q

What arteries does inferior orbital fissure transmit?

A 
infra-orbital artery
zygomatic artery (and zygomaticofacial a. / zygomaticotemporal a)

AKA accompanying arteries associated with nerves transmitted through inferior orbital fissure

45
Q

The pterygoid canal transmits what nerve?

A

vidian nerve of pterygoid canal

46
Q

The vidian nerve of pterygoid canal is going to ___

A

pterygopalatine ganglion

47
Q

the pterygopalatine ganglion contains only ____ fibers

48
Q

What artery is transmitted through pterygoid canal?

A

pterygoid branch of maxillary artery

or “artery of pterygoid canal”

49
Q

Pharyngeal canal aka ___

A

palatovaginal canal

50
Q

The pharyngeal canal is found superior/lateral to _____ bone

A

to the alae of vomer bone

51
Q

The pharyngeal canal is found ___ to the alae of the vomer bone

A

superior/lateral

52
Q

Describe where the pharyngeal canal is relative to the pterygoid canal

A

pharyngeal cana is ~1cm anterior/medial to pterygoid canal

53
Q

Pharyngeal canal transmits __ nerve

A

pharyngeal nerve (CN V2)

54
Q

Pharyngeal canal transmits __ artery

A

pharygneal branch of maxillary artery

or “artery of pharyngeal canal”

55
Q

What goes through the pharyngeal canal?

A

both the pharyngeal nerve and the pharyngeal artery

56
Q

Which is more likely: a pharyngeal groove or canal?

A

pharyngeal groove

57
Q

How is the pharyngeal groove/canal angled? Why?

A

angled obliquely to serve pharynx to follow the musculature of the pharynx

58
Q

How does the palatine canal run relative the palatine bones of the maxilla?

A

Palatine canal runs vertically just lateral to the perpendicular plate of palatine bine of maxilla

59
Q

The palatine canal transmits __ nerve

A

greater palatine nerve (CN V2)

lesser palatine nerve (CN V2)

60
Q

The palatine canal transmits __ artery

A

greater palatine artery (maxillary branch)

lesser palatine artery (maxillary artery)

61
Q

If the greater palatine artery/lesser palatine artery emerge as one, this is called the __ artery

A

descending palatine artery

this eventually with split into greater/lesser palatine artery

62
Q

Does the descending palatine artery exist in everyoen?

A

no

sometimes greater and lesser palatine arteries immediately separate from each other

63
Q

What is transmitted through the greater palatine foramen

A

greater palatine nerve (CN V2)

greater palatine artery (max branch)

64
Q

What is transmitted through the lesser palatine foramen

A

lesser palatine nerve (CN V2)

lesser palatine artery (max branch)

65
Q

Pterygopalatine ganglion attaches to CN V2 by ____

A

2 short pterygopalatine nerves

66
Q

Pterygopalatine nerves attach the pterygopalatine ganglion to ___

A

CN V2 branches

67
Q

The pterygopalatine ganglion recieves ___

A

the vidian nerve of pterygoid canal

68
Q

What fibers are found in the vidian nerve of pterygoid canal?

A

only autonomics (parasymp and symp fibers)

69
Q

In the vidian nerve of pterygoid canal, which are pre-ganglionic and which are post-ganglionic fibers?

sympathetic/parasympathetic

A

parasympathetic - pre-ganglionic fibers

sympathetic - post-ganglionic

70
Q

The post-ganglionic sympathetic fibers heading to the pterygoid ganglion come from ____

A

deep petrosal nerve (internal carotid plexus)

71
Q

The pre-ganglionic parasympathetic fibers heading to the pterygoid ganglion come from ___

A

greater petrosal nerve (facial nerve, cn 7)

72
Q

The vidian nerve of pterygoid canal supplies ____

A

autonomics to the lacrimal gland, nasal gland, palatal gland

Anatomy 6513 UNIT 2 (14 decks)

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