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Anatomy 6513 UNIT 2 > Parotid, Temporal, TMJ > Flashcards

Parotid, Temporal, TMJ Flashcards

1
Q

What is found within the parotid gland?

A

parotid gland
retromandibular vein
external carotid artery
facial nerve (CN 7)

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2
Q

The parotid gland is found just inferior to the ____

A

external acoustic meatus

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3
Q

If the parotid gland swells, what happens to the ear?

A

it is pushed superolaterally

= mumps

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4
Q

Which portion of the external carotid artery is found deep within the parotid gland?

A

distal external carotid artery is found deep within the parotid gland

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5
Q

The external carotid artery is deep to and parallel with ____

A

retromandibular vein

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6
Q

Where is the external carotid artery relative to the mandible?

A

the external carotid artery is posterior to the neck of the mandible

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7
Q

External carotid artery splits into 2 terminal branches: ___ and __

A

superfical temporal artery

maxillary artery

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8
Q

Facial nerve exits cranium at ___

A

stylomastoid foramen

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9
Q

Facial nerve forms ____ within the parotid gland

A

parotid plexus

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10
Q

The parotid plexus if formed by ____ in the parotid gland

A

facial nerve

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11
Q

The facial nerve branches emerge and fan out over all _____

A

lateral aspects of the face

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12
Q

Facial nerve innervates ___

A

mm of facial expression

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13
Q

Name the branches of facial nerve

A 
Temporal n
Zygomatic n
Buccal n
Marginal Mandibular n
Cervical n
Posterior Auricular n
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14
Q

What are the two spaces found in the temporal region?

A

temporal fossa

infratemporal fossa

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15
Q

T/F: temporal fossa and infratemporal fossa are continuous

A

true

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16
Q

What structure lies between the temporal fossa and the infratemporal fossa?

A

zygomatic arch

line of demarcation bw them

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17
Q

What kind of fascia is found in the temporal fossa?

A

temporal fat pad

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18
Q

Where is the temporal fat pad found?

A

in the temporal fossa

between temporalis muscle and lateral pterygoid muscle

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19
Q

The temporal fat pad encloses the _____ and fills the ___

A

encloses the temporal fossa and fills the temporal region

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20
Q

What muscles are found in the temporal fossa?

A

temporalis

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21
Q

In the temporal fossa, temporalis m. is covered by___

A

thick temporal fascia

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22
Q

What muscle is not technically in the temporal fossa, but works closely with the muscle that IS found in the temporal fossa?

A

masseter muscle is not in the temporal fossa but works with temporalis muscle to elevate the mandible

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23
Q

What arteries are found in the temporal fossa?

A

middle temporal a
superficial temporal a
deep temporal a

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24
Q

What nerves are found in the temporal fossa?

A

CN V3 (auricolutemporal nerve and anterior/posterior deep temporal nn)

CN 7: temporal branches

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25
Q

CN V3 comes through what foramen when it goes to temporal fossa?

A

foramen ovale

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26
Q

Auriculotemporal nerve (from CN V3) travels with ____

A

superficial temporal artery/vein

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27
Q

Auriculotemporal nerve (from CN V3) runs deep to the ____

A

parotid gland

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28
Q

Auriculotemporal nerve (from CN V3) runs posterior to the ____

A

TMJ

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29
Q

Auriculomteporal nerve (from CN V3) runs between what 2 structures?

A

between the auricle and the condyle

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30
Q

Auriculotemporal nerve (from CN V3) provides sensory to what areas?

A

TMJ and lateral scalp

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31
Q

Auriculotemporal nerve (from CN V3) provides what innervation besides sensory?

A

parasympathetics form CN 9 to the parotid gland

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32
Q

Anterior/Posterior Deep Temporal nn (from CN V3) pass superior to the ____

A

lateral pterygoid muscle

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33
Q

Anterior/Posterior Deep Temporal nn (from CN V3) pass deep to ___

A

temporalis muscle

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34
Q

What branches of CN 7 are found in the temporal fossa

A

temporal branches of CN 7

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35
Q

What is the lateral border of the infratemporal fossa

A

ramus and coronoid process of the mandible

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36
Q

Wha tis the medial border of the infratemporal fossa

A

lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid
superior constrictor muscle
pyramidal process of palatines

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37
Q

What is the anterior border of the infratemporal fossa?

A

maxilla (posteiror part)

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38
Q

What is the posterior border of the infratemporal fossa?

A

There is no anatomical “floor”

The space ends when the medial pterygoid muscle connects to the mandible

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39
Q

What is the roof of the infratemporal fossa?

A

greater wing of sphenoid and temporal bone

40
Q

What foramen are found on the roof of infratemporal fossa?

A

foramen ovale - more anteriorly

foramen spinosum - more posteriorly

41
Q

Foramen ovale and foramen spinosum are found on the roof of what anatomical space?

A

infratemporal space

42
Q

What muscles are found in the infratemporal space?

A

temporalis m
medial pterygoid muscle
lateral pterygoid muscle

43
Q

Describe temporalis muscle course through temporal fossa and infratemporal fossa

A

Temporalis muscle is continuous through these two continuous spaces

44
Q

What is the action of medial pterygoid muscle

A

protract, rotate, elevate the mandible

45
Q

What is the action of lateral pterygoid muscle

A

protract, rotate, depress the mandible

46
Q

Why is the masseter muscle not in the infratemporal fossa?

A

masseter muscle is too lateral (it is passed the ramus of the mandible)

the lateral border of the infratemporal fossa is the ramus of the mandible (and coronoid process of mandible)

47
Q

What main artery is found in the infratemporal fossa?

A

maxillary artery

48
Q

What is the venous drainage for the infratemporal fossa?

A

pterygoid plexus

49
Q

What is the main ganglion found in infratemporal fossa?

A

otic ganglion (found on medial V2 just after foramen ovale)

50
Q

Where is otic ganglion found?

A

just after foramen ovale in infratemporal space

found on medial V2

51
Q

What fibers run towards the otic ganglion?

A

lesser petrosal nerves

52
Q

What branch of V2 is found in the infratemporal fossa?

A

posterior superior alveolar nerve

53
Q

V3 has two roots one large ___ root, and one small ___ root.

A

large sensory

small motor

54
Q

V3 sensory and motor roots unite just after ___

A

passing through foramen ovale (so now in infratemporal space)

55
Q

V3 has an immediate branch in infratemporal fossa that goes to the cranial vault. It is ____

A

meningeal branch

56
Q

Meningeal branch of V3 branches of ___

A

immediately (in the cranial vault)

57
Q

What are the anterior/posterior roots of V3?

A

anterior - small, motor

posterior - large, sensory

58
Q

The anterior motor root of V3 has 1 sensory component. What is it?

A

buccal nerve

59
Q

The posterior sensory root of V3 has 1 motor component. What is it?

A

mylohyoid nerve

60
Q

The nerves of mastication in the infratemporal fossa come from which branch of V3?

A

the anterior motor branch

61
Q

What are the nerves of mastication?

A

masseteric nerve
deep temporal nerve
medial/lateral pterygoid nerve

62
Q

The masseteric nerve travels with ____ to innervate ___

A

masseteric artery to innervate massteter muscle

63
Q

The masseteric nerve travels through ___

A

mandibular notch

64
Q

The deep temporal nerve travels with ___ to innervate ____

A

deep temporalis artery to supply temporalis muscle

(runs DEEP to temporalis muscle)_

65
Q

Medial/Lateral Pterygoid Nn travel with ____ to innervate ___

A

pterygoid aa to supply medial/lateral pterygoid mm

66
Q

What are the main posterior sensory branches off of V3?

A

auriculotemporal nerve
lingual nerve
inferior alveolar nerve

67
Q

inferior alveolar nerve (sensory branch off of posterior division of V3 in infratemporal fossa) goes through what foramen?

A

mandibular foramen

68
Q

What special sensory nerve is found in the infratemporal fossa?

A

chorda tympani

69
Q

Chorda tympani is a special sensory branch from CN __

70
Q

Chorda tympani joins with ___ nerve posteriorly

71
Q

Chorda tympani supplies parasympathetics to ____

A

lower 2 salivary glands

72
Q

How do lower 2 salivary glands receive parasympathetic innervation?

A

chorda tympani

73
Q

Chorda tympani gives receives taste fibers from ___

A

anterior 2/3 of tongue

74
Q

What kind of joint is the TMJ?

A

modified hinge (synovial joint)

75
Q

There is a relatively lax ____ surrounding the TMJ

A

articular capsule

76
Q

There is a lateral thickening to the TMJ which is _____

A

temporomandibular ligament

77
Q

The articular disc is located between ____

A

temporal bone adn mandible

78
Q

What movements take place at the articular disc?

A

hinge and gliding

79
Q

What are the 3 ligaments associated with the TMJ

A

sphenomandibular
stylomadibular
lateral temporomandibular ligament

80
Q

What muscles help the jaw protrude from TMJ?

A

lateral pterygoid m

is assisted by medial pterygoid muscle

81
Q

What muscles help the jaw retract from TMJ?

A

posterior fibers of temporalis m
deep part of masseter m
geniohyoid m
digastric m

82
Q

What muscles help the jaw elevate from TMJ?

A

temporalis m
masseter m
medial pterygoid m

83
Q

What muscles help the jaw depress from TMJ

A

digastric
geniohyoid
mylohyoid
and gravity lol

84
Q

The superior surface of the articular disc has a ____ shape

A

concavoconvex

85
Q

The superior surface of the articular disc is CONCAVOCONVEX to allow proper alignment with ___

A

articular tubercle and mandibular fossa

86
Q

The inferior surface of the articular disc has a ____ shape

87
Q

The inferior shape of the articular disc has a CONCAVE shape to allow proper alignemnt with ___

A

the mandibular condyle

88
Q

The articular disc has ____ towards the periphery for ____

A

increased thickness towards the periphery

This is for attachment to the articular capsule

89
Q

The articular capsule connects to the articular discs where?

A

at the lateral thickenings towards the periphery of the articular disc

That is where the articular capsule connects to the articular disc

90
Q

The stylomastoid ligament runs from the ___ to the ___

A

styloid process to the posterior ramus of the amndible

91
Q

Stylomandibular ligament separates ____ and ___

A

parotid gland from submandibular gland

92
Q

What separates the parotid gland from the submandibular gland?

A

Stylomandibular ligament

93
Q

The sphenomandibular ligament runs from ___ to ___

A

from spine of sphenoid bone to lingula of mandible

94
Q

The sphenomandibular ligament is separated from the capsule via _____

A

maxillary artery and auriculotemporal nerve

95
Q

What are the arteries found in teh TMJ region?

A

TMJ branch from superior temporal a

Anterior tympanic a

Deep auricular a

Anatomy 6513 UNIT 2 (14 decks)

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