Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy 6513 UNIT 2 > Pharynx > Flashcards

Pharynx Flashcards

1
Q

____ muscolofacial 1/2 cylinder

A

pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

___ links oral and nasal cavities

A

pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the pharynx links __ and __

A

oral cavity and nasal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the pharynx is common for __ and __

A

respiration and digestive tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

nasopharynx is from __ and __

A

base of skull to soft palate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

oropharynx is from __ to __

A

soft palate to epiglottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

laryngopharynx is from __ to __

A

epiglottis to C6 vertebral levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is after the laryngopharynx?

A

esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 5 main structures found in the nasopharynx?

A
  1. auditory (/eustachian/pharyngotympanic) tube orifice
  2. torus tubarius
  3. pharyngeal recess
  4. pharyngeal tonsils
  5. salpingopharyngeal fold
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are all of the names for the auditory tube orifices

A

auditory tube orifice
eustachian tube orifice
pharygotympanic tube orifice

part of nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Auditory tube orifice is posterior to ___

A

inferior concha

part of nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Auditory tube orifice serves as a connection between __ and __

A

pharynx and middle ear

part of nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Torus tubarius is composed of ___

A

auditory tube cartilage

part of nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Torus tubarius is found posterior to ___

A

auditory tube orifice

part of nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The posterior extent of torus tubarius is ___

A

the beginning of the salpingopharyngeal fold

part of nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The pharyngeal recess is posterior to ___

A

torus tubarius

part of nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the pharyngeal recess?

A

a groove along the lateral wall of the pharynx

part of nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The pharyngeal recess is a groove along the __ wall of the pharynx

A

lateral

part of nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The pharyngeal tonsils are ___ to torus tubarius

A

posterosuperior

part of nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the salpingopharyngeal fold

A

a mucous membrane covering salpingopharyngeal muscle

part of nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The oropharynx is __ to the oral cavity

A

posterior

part of nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the 5 main structures found in the oropharynx

A
  1. palatoglossal arch
  2. palatopharyngeal arch
  3. palatine tonsils
  4. valleculae
  5. pallatopharyngeal sphincter
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the palatoglossal arch?

A

mucosal fold over the palatoglossal muscle
first arch; anteriorly

part of oropharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the palatopharyngeal arch?

A

mucosal fold over the palatopharyngeal muscle; second arch; posteriorly

part of oropharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Where are the palatine tonsils located?

A

in tonsilar bed between 2 arches (palatopharyngeal arch and palatoglossal arch)

part of oropharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The vallecula is a fold posterior to ____ and anterior to ____

A

posterior to tongue
anterior to epiglottis

part of oropharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is considered the “roof of the spit gutter” (holds saliva while breathing)

A

the vallecula of the oropharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

How does the valecula of the oropharynx drain when the epiglottis is down?

A

laterally into the “lateral spit gutters” (piriform recess of laryngopharynx)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

The palatopharyngeal sphincter is found within what muscle?

A

superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What does the palatopharyngeal sphincter do when swallowing?

A

closes around the end of the soft palate and seals off the opening between the oropharynx and nasopharynx to bush bolus up against roof before pushing it down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Palatopharyngeal sphincter is a structure of the __pharynx

A

oro

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What are the 7 mains tructures/vessels/nerves of the laryngopharynx

A
  1. epiglottis
  2. laryngeal cartilage
  3. piriform recess
  4. internal laryngeal nerve
  5. superior laryngeal vessels
  6. recurrent laryngeal nerve
  7. inferior laryngeal vessels
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Laryngopharynx route air and food to the ____

A

esophagus and trachae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What are the 4 functions of the larynx?

A
  1. phonation
  2. regulate size of opening between vocal cords
  3. prevent foreign bodies from entering the airway
  4. act as a sphincter
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is the “lateral spit gutter”

A

piriform recess of the laryngopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What is the piriform recess?

A

lateral spit gutters located in the laryngopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

The piriform recess extends laterally to the _____ (within the laryngopharynx)

A

thyroid cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Internal laryngeal nerve descends beneath ____

A

mucous membrane

in laryngopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Superior laryngeal vessels descend beneath ___

A

mucous membrane

in laryngopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What nerves/vessels DESCEND beneath the mucous membrane in laryngopharynx?

A

internal laryngeal nerve

superior laryngeal vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Superior laryngeal nerve is a branch off of ____

A

CN 10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Recurrentl aryngeal nerve ascends beneath ____

A

mucous membrane

in laryngopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What nerves/vessels ASCEND underneath the mucous membrane?

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve

44
Q

Recurrent laryngeal nerve is a branch off of ___. Describe it’s course relative to subclavian artery.

A

Branch off of CN 10

loops under subclavian artery and ASCENDS underneath mucous membrane

45
Q

Recurrent laryngeal nerve loops around ___.

A

subclavian artery

recurrent laryngeal nerve = branch of CN 10

46
Q

Recurrent laryngeal nerve runs in what groove?

A

trachae-esophageal groove

47
Q

When the recurrent laryngeal nerve enters the internal larynx it changes names to ___

A

inferior laryngeal nerve

48
Q

When does recurrent laryngeal nerve change names to inferior laryngeal nerve?

A

when it enters the internal larynx

49
Q

Inferior laryngeal vessels runs with ____

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve (& therefore inferior laryngeal nerve)

50
Q

What are the 5 pharyngeal layers?

A
  1. mucous membrane
  2. submucosa
  3. pharyngobasilar fascia
  4. muscular layer
  5. buccopharyngeal fascia
51
Q

Which layer is the “lining” for the pharynx

A

mucous membrane

52
Q

Which pharyngeal layer is directly below the mucous membrane

A

submucosa

53
Q

Which pharyngeal layer is directly under the submucosa

A

pharyngobasilar layer

54
Q

Which pharyngeal layer is directly under pharygobasilar layer

A

muscular layer

55
Q

Which pharyngeal layer is directly under the muscular layer

A

buccopharyngeal layer

56
Q

What 2 groups of muscles are found in the muscular pharyngeal layer?

A
  1. elevator muscles

2. constrictor muscles

57
Q

What are the 3 elevator muscles found in the muscular pharyngeal layer?

A

stylopharyngeus muscle
salpingopharyngeus muscle
palatopharyngeus muscle

58
Q

The 3 elevator muscles of the muscular pharyngeal layer are all ___ oriented

A

longitudinally

59
Q

Elevator muscles/constrictor muscles

Which are on the outside of the pharynx vs inside of the pharynx

A

constrictor = outside
elevator = inside
*stylopharyngeal muscle

60
Q

What are the 3 constrictor muscles within the muscular pharyngeal layer?

A

superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle
middle pharyngeal constrictor m
inferior pharyngeal constrictor m

61
Q

The buccopharyngeal fascia is found on the ____ of the pharynx

A

posterior extent

62
Q

Pharyngeal tubercle is found where?

A

at the superior extent of the posterior pharynx

63
Q

How far down the posterior extent of the the pharynx does the pharyngeal raphe go?

A

runs down ENTIRE midline of the pharynx

64
Q

The superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle arises from the ____

A

pterygomandibular raphe

65
Q

Describe where the pterygomandibular raphe is

A

aka pterygomandibular ligament

ligamentous band of buccopharyngeal fascia
runs from pterygoid hamulus of medial pterygoid plate to mylohyoid line of the mandible.

66
Q

The pterygomandibular raphe is where the ____ arises

A

superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle

67
Q

Superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle meets up with ___ muscle anteriorly

A

buccinator

68
Q

The superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle is anchored to ____ superiorly

A

pharyngeal tubercle

69
Q

Middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle arises from ____

A

greater horn of hyoid bone and inferior portion of stylohyoid ligament

70
Q

Superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle overlaps with _____ muscle

A

middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle

& palatopharyngeal muscle

71
Q

What passes in between superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle and middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle?

A

stylohyoid ligament
stylopharyngeal muscle
CN 9

72
Q

Inferior pharyngeal cosntrictor muscle overlaps with ____ muscle

A

middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle

73
Q

Inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle arises from ___

A

thyroid and cricoid cartilage

74
Q

What passes in between middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle and inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle?

A

internal laryngeal nerve

superior laryngeal nerve

75
Q

both internal laryngeal nerve and superior laryngeal nerve pass between __ and __.

they also both pierce ____ membrane

A

superior and middle pharyngeal constrictor muscles

both pierce the thyrohyoid membrane

76
Q

What is the oropharyngeal isthmus

A

part of the oropharynx

behind oral cavity,
bounded by the soft palate, palatoglossal arches, and tongue.

77
Q

What functions to close the oropharyngeal isthmus?

A

palatoglossus muscle

think: palatoglossal arch is PART of orpharyngela isthmus

78
Q

What makes up the palatoglossus sphincter

Where is this sphincter?

A

Palatoglossus muscle

originates anterolateral to soft palate, encircles inner pharyngeal wall

79
Q

Palatoglossus muscle interdigitates with _____ muscle

A

superior constrictor muscle

80
Q

Stylopharyngeus muscle arises from ___

A

styloid process

81
Q

Stylopharyngeus muscle passes between ____

A

superior and middle constrictor muscles

82
Q

Stylopharyngeus muscle interdigitates with _____

A

inferior constrictor muscle

83
Q

Salpingopharyngeal muscle arises from ___

A

auditory tube

84
Q

Salpingopharyngeal muscle descends with fibers from ____

A

palatopharyngeal muscle

85
Q

Salpingopharyngeal muscle is covered by ___

A

salpingopharyngeal fold

86
Q

What are the boundaries of the oropharyngeal triangle?

A

mylohyoid muscle
superior constrictor muscle
middle constrictor muscle

87
Q

What are the 4 components of the pharyngeal plexus?

A
  1. superior cervical ganglion
  2. pharyngeal branches of CN 10
  3. pharyngeal brnaches of CN 9
  4. external laryngeal branches (from CN 10)
88
Q

Superior cervical ganglion supplies ___ innervation to the pharynx

A

sympathetic

89
Q

Pharyngeal branches of CN 10 supply __ innervation tot he pharynx

A

motor innervation to all muscles of pharynx

except stylopharyngeus = CN 9

90
Q

Pharyngeal branches of CN 9 supply ___ innervation to the pharynx

A

sensory innervation to “most” of the pharynx
(just oropharynx)

also supplies motor innervation to stylopharyngeus muscle

91
Q

CN sensory innervation to::
Nasopharynx:
Oropharynx:
Laryngopharynx:

A

Nasopharynx: CN V2
Oropharynx: CN 9
Laryngopharynx: CN 10

92
Q

What are the 5 arteries (& branches) supplying the PHARYNX

A

All ECA branches

  1. superior thyroid artery (br: superior laryngeal artery)
  2. lingual artery
  3. ascending pharyngeal
  4. facial artery (br: ascending palatine -> tonsilar br)
  5. maxillary artery
93
Q

What are the 5 TONSILAR branch arteries?

A
  1. lingual tonsilar br
  2. facial tonsilar brach
  3. ascending pharyngeal tonsilar brach*
  4. maxillary -> descending pallatine tonsilar branch
  5. maxillary -> lesser pallatine tonsilar branch

*remmeber ascneidng pharyngeal is branch off of facial artery

94
Q

Pharyngeal venous plexus surrounds __ muscle

A

constrictor muscles

95
Q

Pharyngeal venous plexus drains into __-

A

IJV

96
Q

Paratonsilar veins drain into ___

A

tonsilar bed

97
Q

What are pharyngeal tonsils composed of?

Where are they?

A

lymph tissue on top of nasopharynx

98
Q

When ___ are enlarged, they are called adenoids

A

pharyngeal tonsils

99
Q

When pharyngeal tonsils are enlarged, what are they called?

A

adenoids

100
Q

Adenoids constrict airway from ___

A

from nose to nasopharynx

101
Q

Adenoids cause what symptoms?

A

mouth breathing

102
Q

Adenoids impinge on _____ (2 things)

A
  1. torus tubarius and auditory tube orifice

2. obstruct airflow between nasopharynx and middle ear

103
Q

If you accidentally swallow an object, it could get trapped in ___

A

piriform recess

104
Q

An object trapped in piriform recess induces ___ because of what innervation?

A

chocking sensation because of internal laryngeal nerve and recurrent laryngeal nerve

105
Q

Sharp objects caught in the piriform recess can ____

A

pierce piriform recess

causing infection or injury to underlying nn/vessels

106
Q

What is deglutition?

A

swallowing

Anatomy 6513 UNIT 2 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions