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Anatomy 6513 UNIT 2 > Oral Cavity > Flashcards

Oral Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 main regions of the oral cavity?

A

oral vestibule

oral cavity proper

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2
Q

What are the limits of the oral vestibule?

A

between the buccal surface and the teeth

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3
Q

What are the limits of the oral cavity proper?

A

between the teeth
palate = superior extent
includes tongue and sublingual areas

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4
Q

__ palate = 2/3 anterior

__ palate = 1/3 posterior

A

hard palate = 2/3 anterior

soft palate = 1/3 posterior

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5
Q

What are the 2 major folds in the soft palate?

A 
pallatoglossus m (anterior)
pallatopharygeal m (posterior)
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6
Q

_____ arch is the posterior extent of the oral cavity

A

pallatoglossal fold

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7
Q

Name the 5 muscles found in the pallatal region

A 
pallatoglossus m
pallatopharyngeus m
uvular m
tensor veli palatini m
levator veli palatini
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8
Q

Where is the uvular muscle found

A

underneath mucosa on the uvula

pretty much the only thing in this area

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9
Q

__ veli palatini is more lateral than __ veli palatini

A

tensor veli palatini is more lateral than levator veli palatini

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10
Q

tensor veli palatini is more lateral than levator veli palatini in referenc eto ____

A

medial pterygoid plate

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11
Q

What happens when tensor veli palatini contracts?

A

tenses soft palate

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12
Q

What happens when levator veli palatini contracts?

A

elevates soft pallate for swallowing

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13
Q

What is the main aponeurosis found in the soft palate?

A

palatine aponeurosis

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14
Q

Palatine aponeurosis is the aponeurosis between ___

A

tensor veli palatini aponeurosis

and pallatoglossus aponeurosis

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15
Q

What is the 3 main arterial supplies to the palate?

A
  1. descending palatine artery (goes through palatine canal)
    splits into greater palatine artery and lesser palatine artery
  2. ascending palatine artery (branch off facial artery)
  3. palatine artery (branch off of ascending pharyngeal artery from ECA)
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16
Q

Ascending palatine artery is a branch off ___

A

facial artery

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17
Q

Palatine artery is a branch off ___

A

ascending pharyngeal artery (first posterior branch off of ECA)

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18
Q

What is the venous drainage of the palate?

A

pterygoid plexus

pharyngeal plexus

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19
Q

What is general sensory innervation to the palate?

A
  1. nasopalatine nerve (through incisive)
  2. greater palatine nerve
  3. lesser palatine nerve
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20
Q

What anastomoses with each other in general sensory to the palate?

A

nasopalatine nerve anastomoses with greater and lesser palatine nerves

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21
Q

Pre-ganglionic sympathetic innervation to the palate comes from _____

A

TI lateral horn through sympathetic trunk

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22
Q

Pre-ganglionic sympathetic innervation to the palate synapses in ____

A

superior cervical ganglion

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23
Q

Post-ganglionic sympathetic innervation to the palate is ____

A

deep petrosal nerve (into pterygoid canal)

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24
Q

Pre-ganglionic parasympathetic innervation to the palate is ____

A

greater petrosal nerve

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25
Q

Pre-ganglionic parasympathetic greater petrosal nerve joins with ______,

A

deep petrosal nerve (post-ganglionic sympathetic fibers)

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26
Q

when pre-ganglionic parasympathetic greater petrosal nerve joins with post-ganglioc sympathetic deep petrosal nerve, this forms _____

A

vidian nerve of pterygoid canal

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27
Q

The pre-ganglionic parasympathetic fibers going to the palate synapse in ____

A

pterygopalatine ganglion

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28
Q

How do autonomics get to the palate?

A

run on sensory innervation pathways

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29
Q

What are the 2 main motor nerves for the palate?

A
  1. mandibular (CN V3)

2. Vagus Nerve

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30
Q

CN V3 mandibular nerve innervates ___ muscles of the palate

A

tensor veli palatini

remmeber: CN V3 does MOM and tensors

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31
Q

Vagus nerve innervates ___ muscles of the palate

A 
levator veli palatini m
pallatoglossus m
pallatopharyngeus m
muscular uvulae m
salpingopharyngeus m
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32
Q

The pallatine tonsils receive arterial supply from tonsilar branches of what 4 arteries?

A

Tonsilar branches from…

  1. palatine artery
  2. ascending palatine artery
  3. facial artery
  4. dorsal lingual artery
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33
Q

In a tonsilectomy, heavy bleeding can result because of ___ or ___

A

heavy bleeding from arteries

heavy bleeding from PARATONSILAR VEINS

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34
Q

What are the paratonsilar veins

A

venous drainage from the tonsilar bed region

35
Q

Why are paratonsilar veins important in a tonsilectomy?

A

If severed, can result in heavy bleeding

along with heavy bleeding from arteries in tonsilectomY

36
Q

What is the main concern when performing a tonsilectomy?

A

cutting the CN 9 (glossopharyngeal nerve)

37
Q

Why is the glossopharyngeal so susceptible to injury during a tonsilectomy?

A

because CN 9 is on the lateral wall of the pharynx

lateral wall of pharynx = thin. easy to cut accidentally

38
Q

Lingual nerve is a branch off of ____

A

CN V3, comes through ovale

39
Q

Lingual nerve emerges in between ____ and ___

A

medial and lateral pterygoid muscles

40
Q

Submandibular ganglion are at the level of ____

A

third molars

41
Q

Submandibular ganglion are suspended from ___ nerve via ___

A

suspended from lingual nerve via 2+ short nerve branches

42
Q

Submandibular ganglion receives pre-ganglionic ___ fibers from where?

A

pre-ganglionic parasympathetic fibers from chorda tympani

43
Q

Submandibular ganglion receives post-ganglionic ___ fibers from where?

A

post ganglionic sympathetic fibers from extenral carotid plexus

44
Q

Both parasympathetic and sympathetic fibers from the submandibular ganglion are going to supply ____

A

sublingual and submandibular glands

45
Q

Hypoglossal nerve (CN 12) can be found deep to __ muscles

A

posterior belly of digastric muscle and stylohyoid muscle

46
Q

___ nerve can be found deep to posterior belly of digastric muscle and stylohyoid muscle

A

hypoglossal nerve

47
Q

Hypoglossal nerve runs anterior between ___ and ___

A

submandibular gland and hypoglossus muscle

48
Q

Hypoglossal nerve runs inferior to ___ nerve

A

lingual

49
Q

Hypoglossal nerve runs superior to __ muscle

A

mylohyoid muscle

50
Q

Hypoglossal nerve ends in __ tongue to do __ innervation

A

posterior tongue

motor innervation

51
Q

Glossopharyngeal nerve runs lateral to ____

A

stylopharyngeus muscle to enter pharynx

52
Q

Glossopharyngeal nerve runs between __ and __ muscle

A

superior and middle constrictor muscle

53
Q

Glossopharyngeal ends in __ tongue to do __ innervation

A

posterior tongue

sensory innervation

54
Q

Name the 5 muscles of the tongue

A 
pallatoglossus m
styloglossus m
hyoglossus m
genioglossus m
intrinsict m
55
Q

Palatoglossus muscle is the __ arch

A

1st

56
Q

Stylogossus muscle runs from __ to tongue

A

styloid process

57
Q

Hyoglossus muscle runs from __ to tongue

A

hyoid bone

58
Q

__ tongue muscle is rectangular in shape

A

hyoglossus m

59
Q

Genioglossus muscle runs from __ to tongue

A

genoid tubercle of mandible

60
Q

What are the types of intrinsict muscles of the tongue?

A

vertical, transverse, long

61
Q

____ is a paired muscle fused at the midline, working to protrude the tongue

A

genioglossus m

62
Q

What are the two types of paralysis for genioglossus m

A

unilateral paralysis and bilateral paralysis of CN 12

63
Q

CN 12 affects ___ (movement) of genioglossus m

A

straight protrusion of genioglossus

64
Q

Describe the symptons of unilateral paralysis of CN 12 on genioglossus m

A

intact side of tongue protrudes more than affected side

results in deviation of tongue towards paralyzed side

65
Q

Describe the symptoms of bilateral paralysis of CN 12 on genioglossus m

A

inability to protrude tongue (tongue falls back and may occlude airway = suffocation)

66
Q

What is the CN exam to test for CN 12 unilateral/bilateral paralysis?

A

Tell patient “stick out your tongue”

67
Q

What are the 2 main arteries for oral cavity?

A
  1. facial artery

2. lingual artery

68
Q

What does facial artery supply in oral cavity

A

supplies most of hte superficial structures

69
Q

Facial artery’s supply to the oral cavity overlas with the ___ branches of ____

A

buccal branches of maxillary artery

70
Q

Lingual artery to the oral cavity has 3 branches. What are tehy?

A

dorsal lingual artery
deep lingual artery
sublingual artery

71
Q

What is the venous drainage of the oral cavity?

A

accompanying veins (2:1 ratio) to arteries.

72
Q

Venous draingae from the oral cavity drains into ___

A

IJV

73
Q

What provides general/special sensory for the anterior 2/3 of tongue?

A 
chorda tympani (CN 7) - special sensory
Lingual nerve(CN V2) - general sensory
74
Q

What provides general/special sensory for the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A

CN 9: glossopharyngeal nerve

75
Q

What provides general/special sensory for the epiglottis?

A

CN 10 vagus

76
Q

Anterior superior alveolar nerve is a branch off of ____

What does it supply?

A

Branch of infra-orbital nerve (CN V2)

Supplies anterior maxillary teeth

77
Q

Middle superior alveolar nerve is a branch off of ___

What does it supply

A

Branch off of infra-orbital nerve (CN V2)

supplies maxillary premolars

78
Q

Posterior superior alveolar nerve is a branch off of ___

What does it supply?

A

branch off of maxillary nerve (CN V2)

supplies maxillary bolars

79
Q

Inferior alveolar nerve is a branch off of ___

What does it supply?

A

branch off of mandibular nerve (CN V3)

supplies mandibular teeth

through mental foramen becomes mental nerve and incisive nerve

80
Q

ASA artery is a branch off of ____

A

infraorbital artery

81
Q

MSA artery is a branch off of ___

A

infraorbital artery

82
Q

PSA artery is a branch off of ____

A

maxillary artery

83
Q

Inferior Alveolar artery is a branch off of ___

A

maxillary artery

Anatomy 6513 UNIT 2 (14 decks)

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