Psychotherapeutic Drugs Flashcards by Delaney Valentino

Anxiolytic drugs

Benzodiazepines ends in -lam/pam
-alprazolam
-diazepam
-lorazepam

Miscellaneous drug is Buspirone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Adverse effects of benzodiazepines

over-expression of therapeutic effects

-drowsy, dizzy
-hypotension (have pt sit before stand)
-headaches
-N/V constipation
-dry mouth

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Antidote for benzodiazepines

Flumazenil (Romazican)
(Fluh-maz-uh-nil)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Interactions w/ benzodiazepines

do not mix w/ alcohol, will have additive CNS depression and death
-occurs more in pt w/ hepatic/renal compromise

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Buspirone

misc anti-anxiety med
-lacks sedative/dependency properties unlike benzos

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Alprazolam adverse effects and what to avoid it with

-slow, sleepy, drowsy side effects
-avoid w/ alcohol/contraceptives
-AE: confusion, headaches

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Diazepam indications, and adverse effects (valium)

given to someone with anxiety/panic attack
-slow, sleepy, drowsy
-avoid in pt w/ hepatic problems
-AE: confusion

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Lorazepam (ativan) indications

To treat or prevent alcohol withdrawel

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Mood stabilizing drugs indications

for bipolar disorder
-lithium carbonate
-lithium citrate

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Drug of choice to treat mania

lithium carbonate/citrate

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Therapeutic range for lithium

Maintenance range: 0.6-1.2
Acute mania: 1-1.5

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What should be monitored while taking lithium?

sodium levels (NAtremia) (135-145)
below 135=holds onto lithium=toxicity

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Most serious adverse effect on lithium

cardiac dysrhymias (monitor the heart)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What does long term use of lithium cause

hypothyroidism
(test patients thyroid before administering this medication)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Antidepressant drug classifications

tricyclic antidepressants
MAOIs
Second gen
SSRIs
SNRIs

-high risk of suicide at beginning of therapy
-tell pt it can take at least 6 weeks for therapeutic effects to occur

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Amitriptyline

tricyclic antidepressant
-been replaced by SSRIs as first line antidepressant

Amitriptyline indications

treats insomnia/neuropathic pain

tricyclic antidepressant indications
(Amitriptyline)

-depression
-childhood eneursis
-adjunctive analgesic for chronic pain

Overdose w/ tricyclic

very lethal
CNS/cardiovascular system is mainly effected
-death results from cardiac dysrhythmias/seizures

MAOIs indications

-used for PD, rarely for depression
-isoscarboxazid
-phenelzine
-tranylcypromine
-selegiline

What can taking tyramine w/ MAOIs result in

hypertensive crisis

foods that contain tyramine

-aged mature cheese (cheddar, bleu, swiss)
-smoked pickled aged meats
-red wines
-fava beans (italian beans)
-pepperoni/salami
-yeast extracts
-fish poultry sausage corned beef

Second generation antidepressants

Bupropion
SSRIs
-fluoxetine
-sertraline (ends in -ine)

Miscellaneous: Mirtazapine

What is bupropion for

helps w/ smoking cessation, brand name is (Zyban)

second generation AE:

Insomnia SSRIs -fluoxine -sertraline -Bupropion

Serotonin syndrome in second gen S/S

to much serotonin (feel good chemical) -hyperthermia -seizures -cardiac dysthymias Rhabdomylosis (muscle breakdown)

When do we administer Fluoxetine

SSRI -give in the morning, causes insomnia AE: dizzy, drowsy, insomnia, anxiety

Duloxetine indications

SNRI -used for pain resulting from diabetic peripheral neuropathy, or fibromyalgia

Mirtazapine indication and when to give this med

An appetite stimulant for older patients that causes sedation, give the dose at bedtime, fall risk

Antpsychotics

used for drug induced psychosis, and schizophrenia -known as tranquilizer typical: haloperidol (more ADE) atypical: quetiapine (less ADE) Clozapine

Adverse effects w/ antipsychotics

-agranulocytosis (decreased WBC) -hemolytic anemia (rbc are destroyed) -tardive dyskinesia (involuntary contraction of oral/facial muscles) MONITOR CBC

Extrapyramidal symptoms of antipsychotics

-akathisia (restless muscles) -acute dystonia (painful muscle spams)

What can we give a patient to treat acute dystonia

trihexyphenidyl and benztropine

Haloperidol indication

long term treatment of psychosis

Clozapine adverse effects

second gen atypical antipsychotic AE: blood dyscrasias (changes in composition of blood) MONITOR WBC FREQUENTLY, ESPECIALLY IN THE BEGINNING

Risperidone

for schizophrenia therapeutic dose is 1-6 Risperidol consta: last 2 weeks lnrega sustenna: last 1 month

psychotherapeutic nursing interventions

wear sunscreen b/c of light sensitivity -obtain liver/renal function test

Positive symptoms of schizophrenia

-symptoms that a normal person does not have -hallucinations -delusions -conceptual disorganization

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia

Not bad, they lack in what a normal person has -apathy (lack of interest) -social withdrawel -catatonia (inable to move properly)