Antilipemic Drugs Flashcards
What is atherosclerosis?
hardening from plaque
What is arteriosclerosis?
hardening of the arteries
What is coronary artery disease?
buildup of plaque, causing coronary arteries to narrow
What should occur before considering to began drug therapy to lower cholesterol?
you should try non-drug ways to lower cholesterol for at least 6 months, if this fails then antilipemic drugs will be considered
What are the types of antilipemic drugs?
-statins
-bile acid sequestrants
-B vitamin niacin
-fibric acid derivates (fibrates)
What drugs end in (-statin)
statins, used to lower cholesterol levels
What are HMG-CoA Reductase inhibitors?
Statins
Ex: lovastatin, atorvastatin
What are the indications for statins?
-pt w/ LDL more than/equal to 190
-40-75 yr/old with diabetes and LDL 70-189, without evidence of CVD
-pt without CVD/diabetes but LDL 70-189, with a 10 year risk of CVD >7.5%
What are bile acid sequestrant drug names?
-cholestyramine
-colestipol
-colesevelam
What are adverse effects of bile acid sequestrant? (cholestyramine)
-tinnitus
-headaches
-urine w/ a burnt odor
What are niacin drugs?
Vitamin B3
What are fibric acid (fibrates) derivatives drug names?
-gemfibrozil
-fenofibrate
What are adverse effects of fibric acid derivatives?
-diarrhea
-nausea/vomiting
-drowsiness/dizziness
-increased risk of gallstones is possible but not common
What is a miscellaneous antilipemic drug?
-ezetimibe
-alirocumab
What is the mechanism of action w/ ezetimibe?
(cholesterol absorption inhibitor)
-inhibits absorption of cholesterol and related sterols from the small intestines
-give at night, once daily
