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Neurology > psychopharmacology > Flashcards

psychopharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

What was the first antipsychotic created?

A

chlorpromazine

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2
Q

What is the first line treatment for bipolar?

A

lithium

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3
Q

What model is used to treat psychiatric illness?

A

BioPsychoSocial

combination always more important

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4
Q

What are the common F1 generation antipsychotics?

A 
Chlorpromazine 
haloperidol
Sulpride
Zuclopenthixol
Fluphenazine
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5
Q

What is the MOA of antipsychotics?

A

antagonise dopamine D2 receptors (no impact on negative symptoms)

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6
Q

What are the common F2 generation antipsychotics?

A 
Lurasidone 
Olanzapine 
Quetiapine 
Risperidone 
Aripiprazole 
Amisulpride
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7
Q

What are the extrapyramidal side effects of antipsychotics?

A

Acute dystonia
Parkinsonism
Akathisia
Tardive Dyskinesia

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8
Q

antagonism of what dopamine tract causes extra pyramidal side effects?

A

Nigrostriatal tract

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9
Q

What are the types of anti-depressants?

A

SSRI’s (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors)
SNRI’s (serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors)
NASSA’s (noradrenergic and specific serotinergic)
MAOIs (monoamine oxidase inhibitors)
TCAs (tricyclic antidepressants)

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10
Q

What are the metabolic side effects of antipsychotics?

A

weight gain
dyslipidaemia
T2 diabetes

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11
Q

Which antipsychotics are more likely to cause metabolic SE?

A

2nd gen esp Quetiapine, olanzapine and clozapine

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12
Q

antagonism of what dopamine tract causes prolactin elevation?

A

tuberoinfundibular

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13
Q

What is the MOA of antidepressants?

A
  • increase BDNF and stimulate neurogenesis which enhances synaptic plasticity
  • this moderates limbic system to reduce negative cognitive bias
  • increases serotinergic neurotransmission
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14
Q

What are the SEs of Benzodiazepine?

A
  • headaches
  • confusion
  • ataxia
  • dysarthria
  • blurred vision
  • paradoxical reaction
  • interact with alcohol
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15
Q

What drugs act on GABA receptor?

A
  • Benzodiazepine
  • Z-drugs
  • Barbituates
  • Flumazenil
  • Alcohol
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16
Q

What is the treatment for benzodiazepine overdose?

A

Flumazenil (rapid onset but short half life so need repeat doses)
DONT USE FOR EPILESY

17
Q

What are the uses of benzodiazepine?

A 
Anxiolytic 
hypnotic 
muscle relaxant 
anti-convulsant 
amnestic
18
Q

What GABA receptor do benzodiazepine and z-drugs act on?

A

GABA-A

19
Q

What are the uses of Z-drugs?

A

Hypnotic

anticonvulsants and muscle relaxants only at high doses

20
Q

What are the types of Z-drugs?

A

Zolpidem

Zopiclone

21
Q

Give three examples of Barbituates?

A

Amobarbital
Phenobarbital
Thiopentone

22
Q

What are the uses of barbiturates?

A

severe insomnia
epilepsy
induction of anaesthesia

23
Q

What are the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal?

A

excess excitatory neurotransmission:

  • agitation
  • delirium
  • seizures

Neurology (53 decks)

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