Osteology of head Flashcards
What are fontanelles?
- depressions in a babys skull
- due to incomplete fusion of the skull bones (not abnormal)
- can be felt as soft spots
What are the fontanelles?
posterior fontanelle (between occipital and parietal bones) anterior fontanelle (between left and right frontal bone and parietal)
Where is the coronal suture located?
frontal and parietal bones
Where is the saggital suture located?
joins left and right parietal bone
Where is the lambdoid suture located?
parietal to occipital bones
Where is the zygomatic bone?
- cheek bones
- make up inferior part of eye socket
what are the bones which make up the nose called?
nasal bones
What bone makes up the upper part of mouth and surrounds nose?
Maxilla
What bone makes up the jaw/
mandible
Which foramen are located on the face?
Left and right infraorbital foramen - temporal bone either side of nose
Left and right mental foramen - mandible
What are the two parts of the temporal bone?
petrous (within skull) and squamous (external)
Where is the sphenoid bone?
posterior to zygomatic bone
What suture is located between parietal and temporal bones?
squamous suture
Where is the pteriom region?
- area where the sphenoid, frontal, parietal and temporal bones meet
- weaker part of skull often sustains trauma
What vessel is at risk of rupture if injury to pteriom region?
middle meningeal
Where is the mastoid process and what muscles attach here?
inferior part of temporal bone
- sternocleidomastoid
- posterior belly of digastric
Where is the styloid process and what muscles attach here?
located in petrous part of temporal bone
- stylomandibular ligament
- stylohyoid ligament
Where is the zygomatic process and temporal process located?
connect to each other
- zygomatic process of temporal bone (part of temporal bone)
- temporal process of zygomatic bone (part of zygomatic bone)
Where is the external acoustic meatus?
between zygomatic process of temporal bone and mastoid process
What bones form the bony orbit (eye socket)?
- frontal (roof)
- maxilla (floor and medial wall)
- zygomatic (floor and lateral wall)
- sphenoid (lateral wall)
- ethmoid (medial wall)
- lacrimal (medial wall)
What are the three cranial fossa’s called?
anterior - frontal bone + small part of ethmoid
middle - sphenoid, parietal and temporal bone
posterior - occipital
Where is the superior orbital fissure?
- sphenoid anterior part
where is the foramen rotundum?
sphenoid process between superior orbital fissure and oval foramen
where is the foramen ovale within the skull?
posterior aspect of sphenoid
Where is the sella tursica?
- middle of the sphenoid
What is the depression in the sella tursica called?
hypophyseal fossa
What foramen does the middle meningeal artery travel through?
foramen spinosum
Where is the internal acoustic meatus?
posterior aspect of temporal bone travels out of posterior fossa
What bone is the clivus located in?
occipital (anterior aspect of base)
Where is the foramen magnum?
- largest foramen in base of skull
- middle of occipital bone
What canals are located immediate beside the foramen magnum?
hypoglossal canals
What opening is located between the petrous part of temporal and occipital bone?
jugular foramen
internal occipital protuberance is associated with what structure?
confluence of sinuses
Where is the palatine bone/
posterior aspect of upper mouth just behind maxilla
Where are the pterygoid plates?
posterior to palatine bone made from sphenoid and vomer bones
