Psychology- Trauma

Question 1

A.C.E.S.

Answer 1

Adverse Childhood Experiences

Question 2

Higher ACES means…

Answer 2

higher risk of chronic disease
higher risk of mental illness
higher risk of violence
higher risk of being victim of violence

Question 3

P.T.S.D. Criterion A

Answer 3

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
-The person was exposed to: death, threatened death, actual or threatened serious injury, or actual or threatened sexual violence, in the following ways:
Direct exposure
Witnessing trauma
Learning that a relative or close friend was exposed to trauma
Indirect exposure to aversive details of the trauma, usually in the course of professional duties (i.e. first responders, medics)

Question 4

P.T.S.D. Criterion B

Answer 4

Intrusion Symptoms (one required)
-The traumatic event is persistently re-experienced in the following ways:
Unwanted upsetting memories
Nightmares
Flashbacks
Emotional distress after exposure to traumatic reminders
Physical reactivity after exposure to traumatic reminders

Question 5

P.T.S.D. Criterion C

Answer 5

Criterion C: Avoidance (one required)
-Avoidance of trauma related stimuli after the trauma in the following ways:
Trauma related thoughts or feelings
Trauma related external reminders

Question 6

P.T.S.D. Criterion D

Answer 6

Criterion D: Negative alterations in cognitions or mood (two required)
Negative thoughts or feelings that began or worsened after the trauma, in the following ways:
Inability to recall key features after trauma
Overly negative thoughts and assumptions about oneself or the world
Exaggerated blame of self or others for causing the trauma
Negative affect
Decreased interest in activities
Feeling isolated
Difficulty experiencing positive affect

Question 7

P.T.S.D. Criterion E

Answer 7

Criterion F: duration (required)
Symptoms last for at least one month
Criterion G: functional significance (required)
Symptoms create distress or functional impairment (i.e. social, occupational)
Criterion H: exclusion
Symptoms not due to medication, substance use or other illness

Question 8

The PTSD diagnosis does not fully capture the severe psychological harm that occurs with prolonged, repeated trauma
Behavioral difficulties: impulsivity, aggressiveness, sexual acting out, alcohol/drug misuse, self harm
Emotional difficulties: affect lability, rage, depression, panic
Cognitive Difficulties: disassociation, pathological changes to personal identity
Interpersonal difficulties: chaotic personal relationships)
Somatization: medical issues

Answer 8

Complex Trauma