Federal 7 Point 09/01/23 Flashcards
What are the Federal Technique test names…
Federal ZCT,
Federal You Phase (Bi-Zone) ZCT
Air Force Modified General Questions Test (AFMGQT)
This Federal technique originates from and was designed by Cleve Backster and was later adopted by the Federal Government (USAMPS) in 1961. Both the Federal “ZCT” and the “You-Phase” have changed very little from the original Backster techniques.
Federal ZCT -Both the Federal “ZCT” and the “You-Phase” have changed very little from the original Backster techniques.
Comparison formats designed for “single issue” testing. The thought behind this is that single issue testing will reduce the number of “inconclusive/no opinion test” results.
ZCT and You-Phase are zone of comparison formats
This technique utilizes two primary relevant questions only.
You-Phase
In both the ZCT and You-Phase, the two primary relevant questions have the same meaning and basically the same structure. The two primary relevant questions are just slightly re-worded.
This technique utilizes two primary relevant questions and one secondary relevant question.
ZCT
Guilty people concentrate on relevants and innocent concentrate on comparisons..
Differential Salience
The secondary relevant question generally can cover three areas:
secondary involvement
evidence connecting
guilty knowledge
R10: Did you help anyone steal that car?
R10: Did you plan with anyone to steal that
car?
R10: Did you participate in any way in the
taking of that car?
specific to guilty knowledge can be used to determine if an examinee saw, heard or knows something about the issue for which he/she is being tested. (*NOTE: If you go with “Do you know for sure…….” You MUST define for the examinee the meaning of “Do you know for sure”)
The examinee would only “know for sure” if he or she:
Committed the act himself or herself
The examinee saw the person commit the act
The person who committed the act told the examinee that he or she committed the act
R10: Do you know for sure what type of gun was used to
shoot that man?
R10: Do you now know for sure where that gun is that was
used to shoot that man?
Hardest questions to come up with when doing test questions construction…
Comparison Questions
Federal ZCT
Multi-Facet Test basically
Federal You-Phase
Single-Issue Test- The most accurate test to use.
Utah Single Issue-Facet
Did you do it, did you do it, did you do it huh.
This test does not have a Secondary Relevant…
You-Phase
Federal ZCT and You Phase have…
Irrelevant/Neutral questions also appear in both testing formats.
A sacrifice relevant appears in both testing formats.
Symptomatic questions also appear in both testing formats.
SACRIFICE RELEVANT QUESTION
It always is positioned somewhere at the beginning of the testing format. In the case of both the ZCT and U-Phase, it appears as the second question in the sequence of questions. The Sacrifice Relevant encompasses the issue for which the examinee is being tested, and it is to be strong.
Examples:
Regarding whether or not you stole that car, do you intend to answer each question on this test truthfully?
Regarding the taking of that car, do you intend to answer each question on this test truthfully?
The sacrifice relevant is NOT numerically evaluated.
This Federal association makes you use steal instead of take…
NCCA
These two techniques require ALL questions must be reviewed with the examinee prior to the examination. HOWEVER, they should NOT be reviewed with the examinee in the sequence or even close to the sequence in which they will be presented during the examination.
The questions should be reviewed in the following order:
Sacrifice Relevant, Relevant, Comparison, Irrelevant and Symptomatic
ZCT and You-Phase
Is the first and is one question
Irrelevant Question
Has two questions in these tests…
Symptomatic Question
The sacrifice relevant has one question and is somewhere in the beginning of the test..
Sacrifice Relevant
You, you, you means you did it
Federal You-Phase Technique
What is the outline of the Pre-Test Interview?
Explain it so the most naive (gumps) can understand the questions
Very important for question development
Sacrifice Relevant
Relevant
Comparison
Irrelevant
Symptomatic
The questions should be reviewed in the following order:
ALL questions must be reviewed with the examinee prior to the examination. HOWEVER, they should NOT be reviewed with the examinee in the sequence or even close to the sequence in which they will be presented during the examination.
Rotate only the comparison questions in these techniques…
You-Phase Technique
-MUST ROTATE COMPARISONS ON THE NEXT CHART
-can go back to regular order on 3rd chart
-if 4th chart, rotate comparison again
Federal rules for how many required charts?
Minimum of 3 and maximum of 5
ZCT Question Order:
KNOW THIS
R5 IS COMPARED TO C4 AND C6
R7 AGAINST C6
R10 AGAINST C9
Irrelevant/Neutral (1)
Sacrifice Relevant (2)
Symptomatic (3) YES ANSWER SYMPTOMATIC
Comparison (C4)
Relevant (Primary, R5)
Comparison (C6) USE THE STRONGEST COMPARISON HERE
Relevant (Primary, R7)
Symptomatic (8) NO ANSWER SYMPTOMATIC
Comparison (C9)
Relevant (Secondary, R10)
You Phase Question Order:
KNOW THIS
Only changes from R7 and down compared to ZCT…Flipping the No comparison with the symptomatic.
Irrelevant/Neutral (1)
Sacrifice Relevant (2)
Symptomatic (3)
Comparison (C4)
Relevant (Primary, R5)
Comparison (C6)
Relevant (Primary, R7)
Comparison (C8)
Symptomatic (9)
ZCT “Analysis Zones”
KNOW THIS
R5 is “Bracketed” and can be compared to either C4 or C6.
The strongest reaction/response in each “channel”, between C4 and C6, is the response that is used to compare against R5.
R7 is compared against C6
R10 is compared against C9
You Phase “Analysis Zones”
R5 and R7 are both “Bracketed” and can be compared to either of the adjacent comparison questions.
R5 compared to C4 and C6
R7 compared to C6 and C8
The strongest reaction/response in each “channel” in the adjacent comparisons is the response that is used to compare against R5 and R7.
For the Federal ZCT, there is vertical/spot scoring that is considered as well as an overall/grand total score.
DI = -3 or less at any “spot” OR -6 or less overall
NDI = +1 or greater in each “spot” AND +6 or greater overall
INC/NO = all else
For the Federal You-Phase, there is vertical/spot scoring that is considered as well as an overall/grand total score.
DI = -3 or less at any “spot” OR -4 or less overall
NDI = +1 or greater in each “spot” AND +4 or greater overall
INC/NO = all else
Air Force Modified General Question Test
-only one validated with NCCA
The AFMGQT is a modified version of the Reid Technique.
In 1968, USAMPS modified the technique and called the Army MGQT
In the mid 1970’s, the Air Force modified the Army MGQT by adding a sacrifice relevant question, adding more comparison questions and allowing for several different versions/variations of the Air Force MGQT - 2, 3 or 4 relevant questions.
Applications for the AFMGQT
The Air Force MGQT is a comparison question technique.
The following versions of the AFMGQT, in specific issue testing, are used when there are a multitude of case facts (Example: Burglary)
The Air Force MGQT can also be used for Pre-Employment Testing and PSCOT (multiple issue testing).
Limitations of the AFMGQT
Sensitivity – detecting the deceptive
Specificity – detecting the truthful
The AFMGQT is “good” at identifying the deceptive examinee, but not equally as good at identifying the truthful/innocent.
AFMGQT Comparison Questions
The comparison questions utilized for the AFMGQT are Probable Lie Comparisons & exclusive. MUST USE PROBABLE LIES.
Directed Lie Comparisons are NOT permitted!!!!!!!
Question Rotation for the AFMGQT
The relevant and comparison questions MUST be rotated systematically.
Allows each RQ the opportunity to be scored against each CQ.
Can help to avoid HABITUATION.
Habituation – adaption to a stimulus over time. As an examinee habituates to a stimulus, his/her response may diminish in both intensity and frequency
AFMGQT Question Review Sequence
1 - Sacrifice Relevant Question
2 – Relevant Questions (primary relevant first)
3 - Comparison Questions
4 - Irrelevant Questions
AFMGQT v1:4RQ’s
Irrelevant/Neutral (1)
Sacrifice Relevant (2)
Comparison (C3)
Relevant (R4, Secondary) (secondary involvement or evidence connecting)
Comparison (C5) (most encompassing!!)
Relevant (R6, Primary)
Comparison (C7)
Relevant (R8, Secondary) (evidence connecting)
Comparison (C9)
Relevant (R10, Secondary) (guilty knowledge or evidence connecting)
AFMGQT v1:3RQ’s
Irrelevant/Neutral (1)
Sacrifice Relevant (2)
Comparison (C3)
Relevant (R4, Secondary)
Comparison (C5) (most encompassing!!)
Relevant (R6, Primary)
Comparison (C7)
Relevant (R8, Secondary)
AFMGQT v1:2RQ’s
Irrelevant/Neutral (1)
Sacrifice Relevant (2)
Comparison (C3)
Relevant (R4, Secondary)
Comparison (C5) (most encompassing!!)
Relevant (R6, Primary)
Comparison (C7)
AFMGQT v2:4RQ’s
Irrelevant/Neutral (1)
Sacrifice Relevant (2)
Comparison (C3)
Relevant (R4, Secondary) (secondary involvement or evidence connecting)
Relevant (R6, Primary)
Comparison (C6) (most encompassing!!)
Relevant (R7, Secondary) (evidence connecting)
Relevant (R8, Secondary) (guilt knowledge or evidence connecting)
Comparison (C9)
AFMGQT v2:3RQ’s
Irrelevant/Neutral (1)
Sacrifice Relevant (2)
Comparison (C3)
Relevant (R4, Secondary)
Relevant (R5, Primary)
Comparison (C6) (most encompassing!!)
Relevant (R7, Secondary)
Comparison (C8)
AFMGQT v2:3RQ’s
Alternative Sequence for Chart 2 or 3
Irrelevant/Neutral (1)
Sacrifice Relevant (2)
Comparison (C3)
Relevant (R4, Secondary)
Comparison (C6) (most encompassing!!)
Relevant (R5, Primary)
Relevant (R7, Secondary)
Comparison (C8)
AFMGQT v2:2RQ’s
Irrelevant/Neutral (1)
Sacrifice Relevant (2)
Comparison (C3)
Relevant (R4, Secondary)
Relevant (R5, Primary)
Comparison (C6) (most encompassing!!)
Primary RQ must always be in the R5 position for this version of the AFMGQT!!
AFMGQT Test Data Analysis
Remember this is a single-issue test, but it is a multi-facet test (meaning the examinee may be truthful to some of the relevant questions, but not others).
As a result, the sum of each of the evaluation spots (R4, R6, R8 & R10) are NOT added together to consider a “grand total score”.
AFMGQT Test Data Analysis
DI/SR = -3 or less in any “spot” (R4, R6, R8 or R10)
NDI/NSR = +3 or greater in ALL “spots” (R4, R6, R8 & R10)
INC/NO = all else
There are no “split scores”, meaning the examinee is not said to be truthful to some questions and deceptive to some or inconclusive to some.
“You fail one question, you fail the entire exam!”
You may determine which questions are showing the greatest reactions to focus initially on them during successive hurdles or post-test.
A minimum of 3 charts must be run.
If INC/NO after 3 charts, a 4th and/or 5th chart may be run
Same cut-off scores regardless if 3, 4 or 5 charts.
NO GRAND TOTALS - SPOT SCORES ONLY
Multi Issue Tests
SR and NSR used screening tests
Single Issue Tests
DI and NDI used for screening tests
