Psychology and Sociology: The Eye

Question 1

Sclera

Answer 1

white of the eye, thick structural layer that covers most of the exposed portion of the eye

Question 2

Choroidal vessels and retinal vessels

Answer 2

supplies nutrients to the eye; a complex intermingling of blood vessels between the sclera and the retinal

Question 3

Retina

Answer 3

innermost layer of the eye; contains the photoreceptors that transduce light into electrical information

Question 4

Cornea

Answer 4

a clear, domelike window in the front of the eye, which gathers and focuses incoming light

Question 5

Anterior chamber (eye)

Answer 5

lies in front of the iris

Question 6

Posterior chamber (eye)

Answer 6

between the iris and the lens

Question 7

Iris

Answer 7

colored part of the eye; composed of dilator pupillae (opens the pupil under sympathetic stimulation) and constrictor pupillae (constricts the pupil under parasympathetic stimulation)

Question 8

Choroid

Answer 8

vascular layer of connective tissue that surrounds and provides nourishment to the retina

Question 9

Ciliary body

Answer 9

produces aqueous humor that bathes the front part of the eye before draining into the canal of Schlemm

Question 10

Lens

Answer 10

lies right behind the iris and helps control the refraction of the incoming light

Question 11

Vitreous humor

Answer 11

a transparent gel that supports the retina; just behind the lens

Question 12

Retina

Answer 12

in the back of the eye; is like a screen consisting of neural elements and blood vessels

Question 13

Cones (retina)

Answer 13

used for color vision and to sense fine details; most effective in bright light and come in 3 forms (S (short or blue), M (medium or green), and L (long or red)

Question 14

Rods (retina)

Answer 14

only allow sensation of light and dark; can be stimulated by light of any color and permits vision in reduced light; easier to stimulate and more functional

Question 15

Macula

Answer 15

the central section of the retina; has a high concentration of cones

Question 16

Fovea

Answer 16

centermost region of the macula; contains only cones

Question 17

Optic disk

Answer 17

region of the retina which is devoid of photoreceptors; gives rise to a blind spot

Question 18

Optic chiasm

Answer 18

fibers from the nasal half of each retina cross paths; all fibers corresponding to the left visual field from both eyes project into the right side of the brain and all fibers corresponding to the right visual field from both eyes project into the left side of the brain