Psychological approaches to common mental health disorders Flashcards
What are the three most common types of mental health disorders?
Affective/anxiety
Substance misuse
Disorders of reactions to psychological stress
What are the common affective/ anxiety disorders
Major depressive disorder
Generalised anxiety disorder
Panic disorder and phobic anxiety disorders
Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)
What are some common substance misuse disorders?
Due to abuse of alcohol, tobacco and
Opiods/benzos/stimulants
What is the common disorder associate with an abnormal reaction to stress?
PTSD
What are two brilliant guidelines that summarise everything you need to know in these sides?
NICE depression guidelines
SIGN non pharmaceutical management of depression in adults
What is cognitive behavioural therapy?
How out thoughts relate to our feelings and behaviour
Particularly good for depression, anxiety, phobias, OCD, PTSD. Focus on here and now.
Short term, problem focused assessment
Individual,group or even self help book or computer program
How does cognitive based therapy work
It act son the ideas that thoughts, behaviours and feelings are all linked together. It breaks the manifestations that your thoughts have on your behaviours. Or that your behaviours have on your thoughts etc
What is the process of CBT
Therapist helps client identify their thoughts, feelings and behaviours. They assess their thinking errors and identify what can change.
Client engages in homework which challenges the unrealistic or unhelpful thoughts
this can involve graded exposure or response prevention
What is behavioural activation
used as a treatment for depression it uses activities to escape from aversive thoughts, feelings and external situations
What is the theory behind it?
Focus on activities they are avoiding and use this as a guide to schedule activities.
Clients focused to analyse their unintended consequences of their way of responding
What sort of avoidance behaviours occur in depression?
Social withdrawal- not answering telephone, avoiding friends
Non-social avoidance- spending excessive time in bed
Cognitive avoidance-not making important decisions
emotional avoidance- use of alcohol and other substances
What are the key aspects of behavioural activation
Collaborative/empathetic/ non judgemental
Structured agenda- review progress
Small changes- build towards goals
Why is interpersonal therapy used?
treatment fro depression/anxiety
Time limited
focuses on the present
What sort of interpersonal events can depression follow?
A complicated bereavement
A dispute
A role transition
An interpersonal deficit
What is the process of interpersonal therpay
Sick role is given to the patient
Construct an interpersonal map to identify the interpersonal context
Focus area is maintained so depressive symptoms can be linked to interpersonal interactions each week
Aim for a goal
Reduced depressive symptoms
Improves interpersonal functioning
