Mood disorders- Mania and bipolar disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

What is mania?

A

A term to describe a state of feeling r mood that can range from near normal experience to severe, life threatening illness
Rarely a symptom, often associated with grandiose ideas, disinhibition, loss of judgement with similarities to the mental effects of stimulant drugs (AMH, cocaine)
Typically considered as a form of pathological inappropriate elevated mood

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2
Q

How does psychiatry assess mania

A

Persistence of symptoms
Pervasiveness of symptoms
Degree of impairment
Presence of specific symptoms or signs

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3
Q

What are the various ICD-10 classifications of mania?

A
Hypomania
Mania without psychotic symptoms
Mania with psychotic symptoms
Other manic episodes
Manic episodes, unspecified
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4
Q

What is hypomania?

A

Lesser degree of mania, no psychosis
Mild elevation of mood for several days on end
Increased energy and activity, marked feeling of wellbeing
Increased sociability, talkativeness, overfamiliarity, increased sexual energy, decreased need for sleep
May be irritable
Concentration reduced, new interests, mild overspending
Not to the extent of severe disruption o work or social rejection

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5
Q

How do you classify mania?

A

Lasts at least 1 week and is severe enough to disrupt ordinary work and social activities. Mood more or less completely.
Elevated mood, increased energy, over activity, pressure of speech, decreased need fro sleep
Disinhibiotion
Grandiosity
Alteration of senses
Extravagant sending
Can be irritable rather than elated

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6
Q

What are the differential diagnosis for mania?

A
Mixed affective state
Scizoaffective disorder
Schizophrenia
Cyclothymia
ADHD
Drugs and alcohol

Stroke, MS, Tumour, epilepsy, AIDS, neurosyphilis, endocrine, Cushing’s, hyperthyroidism, SLE

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7
Q

How can you measure mania?

A

SCID
SCAN

Young mania rating scale

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8
Q

How do you treat mania?

A

Antipsychotics- Olanzapine, risperidone, Quetiapine
Mood Stabilisers- sodum valporate, lamotrigene, carbamazepine
Lithium

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9
Q

What are the various classes of bipolar affective disorders?

A
BAD currently hypomanic
BAD currently manci without psychosis
BAD current manic with psychosis
BAD current mild/mod depression
BAD current severe depression without psychosis
BAD current severe depression with psychosis
Bad current episode mixed
Other bipolar affective disorder
Bipolar affective disorder, unspecified
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10
Q

How do you define bipolar affective disorder?

A

Bipolar affective disorder consists of 2 or more repeated episodes of depression and mania/hypomania

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11
Q

What are the differentials for bipolar disorder?

A

No mania or hypomania- recurrent depression

No depression- hypomania or bipolar disorder

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12
Q

Describe the epidemiology of bipolar disorder?

A

Early onset 15-19 years old
No differential prevalence according to income, occupation, educational status or sex
Prevalence consistently increased in 1st relatives
No difference in rates

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13
Q

What is the typical outcome of Bipolar disorder?

A
Typical manic episodes last 1-3 months
60% fail to recover at 10 weeks
5% fail to recover
90%have further episodes
1/3 have poor outcome
10% die by suicide
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