Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 3 Psych > Old Age Psyhcitary > Flashcards

Old Age Psyhcitary Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

How many beds are taken up in ARI by old people?

A

2/3rds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many old people have a mental health disorder?

A

2/3rds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How can you diagnose dimentia using ABCD

A

A ctivities of daily living.
Behavioural and psychiatric symptoms of dimentia
Ç for cognitive impairment
D for decline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do you need to diagnose dimentia?

A

A collateral history

Flexible cognitive testing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the cognitive features of dimentia?

A

Dysmensia (memory issues) plus one or more of the following

Dysphasia- communication issue
Dyspraxia- inability to carry out motor skills
Dysgnosia- not recognising objects
Dysexcutive function-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What neuropsychiatric disturbances are common in dimentia?

A 
Psychosis/ hallucinations
Depression
Altered circadian rhythms 
Agitation/aggression
Anxiety
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the types of dimentia

A

Alhezimers- 50%
Vascular- 25%
Mixed vascular dimentia and Alzheimer’s 15%
Lewy body dimentia- 5%
Other (frontal temporal, Huntington’s, MS)-5%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the course of dimentia?

A 
Symptoms 
Diagnosis
Loss of functional dependence 
Behavioural propels. 
Nursing home
Deat
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do you work to gain an early diagnosis for dementia?

A

Clinical assessment and collateral history check out
If differentials check out
Refer to specialist who can do:

Brain scanning
neuropsychology
Patient and caregiver counselling
Management and symptomatic treatment
Follow up
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the differentials for dementia?

A

Delerium- Abrupt,precise onset,
variable hour by hour
Depression- abrupt onset, hsitory of depression, short and long term memroy loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What two questionnaires can be done to test dementia?

A

Mini mental state examination (MMSE) or the Montreal cognitive assessment (MOCA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What imaging can be done to look for dementia

A

CT- basic and used often
SPECT- bright colours,
MRI- gold standard, not well tolerated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does dementia with Lewy bodies present?

A

Amnesia not prominent, fluctuation, visual hallucinations, parkinsonism
REM disorder, falls, syncope, loss of consciousness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a DAT scan?

A

Coloured scan, used in Lewy body dementia.
DAT scan on a normal AD patient shows normal re-uptake of the dopamine transporter in the head of the caudate nucleus and the putamen. However in DLB there is reduced uptake in the putamen leading to a full stop sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is Pick’s disease?

A

Also known as frontotemporal dementia, it is a behavioural disorder that comes with emotional blunting, speech disorder and frontal dysexuctive syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is frontal dysexecutive syndrome?

A

Dysexecutive syndromes include problems in the ability to attend to thoughts and memories just as it includes problems in paying attention to environmental stimuli

17
Q

When would you use acetylcholinesterase inhibitors to treat dementia

Give some examples of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

A

mild to moderate Alzheimer dementia.

e.g. donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine

18
Q

What are the benefits of using acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for dementia

A

Improves cognitive function and slows decline
Means they can stay longer at home (more functionality)
Must be prescribed by a specialist

19
Q

What are the side effects of using acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for dementia

A 
When do you stop?
ause nausea, vomiting, diorrhea
fatigue, insomnia, muscle cramps
headaches, dizziness
syncope, breathing problems
20
Q

What do you use to treat moderate to severe Alzheimers disease?

A

Memantine

21
Q

What antipsychotics can be used to treat dementia?

What are the issues with prescribing them

A

Rispiridone, quetiapine, amisulpride

Do they work? Side effects include death

Start low and go slow, review and stop, discuss risks

22
Q

What other classes of drugs can be used to treat dementia?

A

Anti depressants (mirtazapine, sertraline)
Anxiolytics (lorazepam)
Hypnotics (zolpidem, zopiclone)
Anticonvulsants (valproate, carbamazepine)

23
Q

What are the non-pharmacological ways of managing dementia?

A

reduce distress
ABC approach
Communicate with patent and family
Use other forms of distractions

24
Q

How do you assess someone with dementia’s capacity?

A 
Communication?
Understanding?
Make informed decisions?
Act appropriately?
Retain memory of decision?
25
Q

How does dementia present in the elderly?

A

Insomnia,
Hypochondriasis (worry about being ill)
Suicide
Agitation

26
Q

What causes depression in the elderly?

A

Losing health, wealth, spouse, work, hom

Genetics

27
Q

How do you treat depression in the elderly?

A

Antidepressanst (watch out fro TCA side effects)
CBT
ECT- in severe cases

28
Q

What are some normal symptoms of grief and mourning

A 
Alarm
Numbness
Illusions or hallucinations
Depression
Recovery and organisation
29
Q

What are some abnormal symptoms of grief and mourning?

A 
Persisted beyond 2 months
Guilt
Thoughts of death/worthlessness
Psychomotor retardation
Prolonged/marked functional impairment
pyschosis
30
Q

Why are suicide rates so high in the elderly?

A 
Loneliness
Widowed
Ill health
Chronic pain
Recent life events
Few seeing psychiatrist
31
Q

How does schizophrenia like psychosis occur in the elderly?

A

Spectrum form

Circumscribed persecutory delusions to full schizophrenia like psychosis

32
Q

What causes schizophrenia like psychosis?

A

Sensory loss
Social isolation
Genetic minor abnormalities

33
Q

What is the management of schizophrenia like psychosis?

A

Often needs compulsory admission
Neuroleptics
Increased social contact

34
Q

Should people with dementia drive?

A

Absolutely fucking not- poor short term memory, disorientation and lack of insight

35
Q

How do you avoid dementia?

A 
Activity
Caffeine
Alcohol?
HRT
Statins
Hyeprtension
NSAIDS
Good nutrition
Fish oils
Vitamins

Year 3 Psych (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions