Psychiatric & Personality Disorders Flashcards
- occupied by details, rules, lists etc
- perfectionism
- dedicated to work
- meticulous about etiquette etc
- can’t dispose of insignificant/worn out things
- unwilling to pass on tasks to others
- stingy with spending money
Obsessive-compulsive PD
- hypersensitive to insults
- unforgiving attitude
- questions loyalty of relationships
- inability to confide in others
- conspiratorial beliefs
- tendency to perceive attacks on their character
Paranoid PD
- indifference to praise/criticism
- preference for solitary activities
- lack of interest in sexual interactions
- lack of desire for companionship
- emotionally cold
- few interests
- few confidants/ close friends
Schizoid PD
- ideas of reference
- odd/magical beliefs
- unusual perceptual disturbances
- paranoid ideation
- odd eccentric behaviour
- lack of close friends
- odd speech
Schizotypal PD
- difficulty making decisions without reassurance
- need for others to be responsible for things
- difficulty in disagreeing (fear of losing support)
- lack of initiative
- fear of having to care for themselves
- urgent search for a relationship when another ends
- seeks extensive support from others
Dependent PD
- inappropriate sexual seductiveness
- needs to be centre of attention
- rapidly shifting emotions
- suggestibility
- physical appearance used for attention
- impressionistic speech lacking detail
- self dramatisation
- relationships considered more intimate than they are
Histrionic PD
- grandiose sense of self importance
- preoccupation with fantasises of power/ success
- sense of entitlement
- takes advantage of others to achieve own needs
- lack of empathy
- excessive need for admiration
- chronic envy
- arrogant and haughty attitude
Narcissistic PD
- failure to conform to social norms
- unlawful behaviour
- commonly male
- lying, use of alias,
- impulsive
- irritable and aggressive
- violence
- disregard for safety
- irresponsibility
Antisocial PD
- avoidance of interpersonal interaction
- fear of being rejected in social situations
- restraint in intimate relationships
- reluctance to take personal risks
- views self as inferior and inept
Avoidant PD
- unsustainable interpersonal relationships
- unstable self image
- impulsivity (spending, sexual, substance abuse)
- self-harm
- affective instability
- chronic feeling of emptiness
- difficulty controlling temper
Borderline PD
Management of Borderline PD
Dialectical behavioural therapy
- multiple physical symptoms for 2 years
- refusal to accept reassurance/ negative results
Somatisation Disorder
- fraudulent simulation or exaggeration of symptoms
- intention of gaining something
Malingering
Presence of obsessions and compulsions
- intrusive thoughts, images or urges (obsessions)
- urges to perform repetitive behaviour (compulsions)
“Repeating phrases in mind”
“Locking all doors”
Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)
- 30% have depression
- 3% have schizophrenia
Management for mild OCD
1st
- CBT
- Exposure & response prevention
2nd
- SSRI (Sertraline)
Management for moderate OCD
- SSRI (Sertraline)
- intense CBT
Management for severe OCD
- SSRI + CBT
- Tricyclic Antidepressant
- Loss of motor/sensation
- Not consciously feigning symptoms
Conversion Disorder
- caused by stress
Management for body dysmorphic disorder
Fluoxetine
A paradoxical absence of psychological distress despite having a serious medical illness
La belle indifference
La belle indifference is seen in
Conversion disorder
- non-organic paresis
Involuntary extension of the “paralysed” leg occurs when flexing the contralateral leg against resistance
Hoover’s sign
positive = non-organic paresis
Hoover’s sign is seen in
Conversion disorder
- persistent belief in underlying serious disease
- refusal to accept reassurance/ negative results
“I have cancer”
Health anxiety disorder “Hypochondriasis”
