PSYCHIATRIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ISSUES IN OBSTERICS AND GYNEACOLOGY

Question 1

Define pseudocyesis and describe one pathognomonic sign.

Answer 1

Pseudocyesis is a condition where a woman believes she is pregnant despite not being so. A pathognomonic sign is the lack of naval flattening.

Question 2

Fill in the gap: _______ is characterized by the age-inappropriate eating of non-nutritive substances.

Answer 2

Pica.

Question 3

What are three psychological complications associated with pregnancy?

Answer 3

Bonding/attachment issues, infanticide, and suicide.

Question 4

Fill in the gap: Postpartum psychosis typically begins within _______ days after delivery.

Answer 4

2–3.

Question 5

Name two common psychological disorders during the first trimester of pregnancy.

Answer 5

Anxiety disorders and depressive disorders.

Question 6

What is the prevalence of hyperemesis gravidarum, and what are two treatment options?

Answer 6

Prevalence: 0.5%. Treatments: Hypnosis and anxiety management techniques.

Question 7

Describe two symptoms of maternity blues and explain its usual onset.

Answer 7

Symptoms: Tearfulness and irritability. Onset: Within the first 48 hours after childbirth.

Question 8

Fill in the gap: Postpartum depression usually begins within _______ weeks after delivery.

Question 9

Explain the hormonal theory behind postpartum mental disorders.

Answer 9

Sudden hormonal changes during the postpartum period may trigger mental disorders.

Question 10

List three risk factors for postpartum psychosis.

Answer 10

Primiparity, a family history of mental illness, and a personal history of psychiatric conditions.

Question 11

What are two management strategies for pica in pregnancy?

Answer 11

Behavioral modification and addressing nutritional deficiencies.

Question 12

Fill in the gap: The prevalence of postpartum psychosis is _______ per 1,000 births.

Answer 12

1–2.

Question 13

What distinguishes postpartum psychosis from maternity blues?

Answer 13

Postpartum psychosis involves more severe symptoms like delusions and hallucinations, unlike maternity blues.

Question 14

Name one psychiatric reaction fathers might experience after abortion.

Answer 14

Grief over the termination of a wanted pregnancy.

Question 15

Fill in the gap: _______ occurs about one week before the onset of menses and is characterized by emotional lability and somatic symptoms.

Answer 15

PMDD (Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder).

Question 16

How does infertility impact psychological well-being in couples?

Answer 16

It can cause severe psychological stress, including feelings of shock and helplessness.

Question 17

List two psychological symptoms associated with menopause.

Answer 17

Depression and cognitive disturbances.

Question 18

Fill in the gap: Hormone replacement therapy is _______ a treatment for menopause.

Answer 18

Not.

Question 19

What are three features of fetal alcohol syndrome?

Answer 19

Facial anomalies, growth retardation, and neurological impairments.

Question 20

Describe two somatic symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).

Answer 20

Edema and breast pain.

Question 21

Fill in the gap: _______ is a somatopsychic illness triggered by changes in sex steroid levels.

Answer 21

PMDD.

Question 22

What is the first-line treatment for worsening psychiatric illnesses during pregnancy?

Answer 22

Psychotherapy.

Question 23

Fill in the gap: Mood stabilizers during pregnancy are associated with _______ risks, such as neural tube defects and cardiac anomalies.

Answer 23

Teratogenic.

Question 24

What is the recommended approach to psychotropic medication use in pregnancy?

Answer 24

Evaluate risks and benefits individually, avoiding non-essential medications.

Question 25

Describe one psychological impact of a second-trimester abortion.

Answer 25

Increased psychological trauma compared to first-trimester abortion.

Question 26

Fill in the gap: Maternity blues affects approximately _______ of women.

Answer 26

0.5

Question 27

What psychological disorder is characterized by symptoms such as tearfulness, irritability, and sadness within the first 48 hours postpartum?

Answer 27

Maternity blues.

Question 28

Name two psychological consequences of an unwanted pregnancy.

Answer 28

Anxiety and depression.

Question 29

Fill in the gap: The cessation of ovulation and menses, also known as _______, often leads to affective disturbances.

Answer 29

Menopause.

Question 30

What are three management strategies for postpartum depression?

Answer 30

Supportive psychotherapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and pharmacotherapy.