Anaemia and Sickle Cell Disease in Pregnancy Flashcards
Define anemia according to WHO criteria.
Hemoglobin less than 11 g/dL.
Fill in the blank: “Mild anemia is defined as hemoglobin levels between __________ and __________ g/dL.”
10 and 10.9.
What is the global prevalence of anemia in pregnancy?
41.8%.
Fill in the blank: “Physiological anemia in pregnancy occurs due to a __________% increase in plasma volume and a __________% rise in red cell mass.”
50%; 15–20%.
Name two maternal complications of anemia in pregnancy.
Maternal mortality, increased risk of infections (e.g., puerperal pyrexia).
List three consequences of anemia in the baby.
Low birth weight, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), preterm delivery.
Fill in the blank: “Iron deficiency anemia accounts for __________ to __________% of anemia in pregnancy.”
50–75%.
Name two parasitic diseases that contribute to anemia in pregnancy.
Malaria, hookworm.
What are the clinical features of moderate to severe anemia?
Tiredness, dizziness, fainting, pallor, breathlessness, palpitations.
Fill in the blank: “Koilonychia is a nail change associated with __________.”
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA).
Name three investigations used to diagnose anemia in pregnancy.
Hemoglobin concentration, blood film examination, serum ferritin.
Fill in the blank: “Severe anemia with hemoglobin less than __________ g/dL after 36 weeks gestation should be managed with caution using transfusion.”
7
What is the recommended dose of folic acid for treating folic acid deficiency anemia?
15–20 mg/day.
Name three common trigger factors for sickle cell crises.
Infection, dehydration, hypoxia.
Fill in the blank: “The inheritance of sickle cell disease follows a __________ pattern.”
Mendelian.
What are the fetal complications associated with sickle cell disease in pregnancy?
Low birth weight, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), perinatal mortality.
Fill in the blank: “Bone pain crises in the postpartum period may lead to __________.”
Bone marrow embolism.
Name two prophylactic medications for managing sickle cell disease in pregnancy.
Proguanil 200 mg daily, folic acid 5 mg daily.
What is the recommended hemoglobin threshold for transfusion in pregnant women with sickle cell disease?
Less than 6 g/dL (unless steady state is lower).
Fill in the blank: “Pregnant women with sickle cell disease should monitor fetal growth using __________ and fetal kick charts.”
Symphysiofundal height and ultrasonography.
Name two key management strategies during labor for pregnant women with sickle cell disease.
Availability of two units of fresh AA blood; minimize labor duration.
Fill in the blank: “Labor in sickle cell patients should be as __________ as possible to minimize complications.”
Short.
Why is contraception important in managing sickle cell disease post-pregnancy?
Prevent unplanned pregnancies, reduce risks in subsequent pregnancies.
Name three suitable contraceptive methods for women with sickle cell disease.
Mini pill, Depo-Provera, Copper T IUCD.
Fill in the blank: “Pregnancy increases the risk of __________ and hypoxic states in sickle cell patients.”
Dehydration.
What are the consequences of delayed wound healing in sickle cell disease?
Increased risk of infections, delayed recovery.
Fill in the blank: “Vitamin __________ deficiency is a less common cause of anemia but is prevalent in areas like India.”
B12.
Name two infections commonly associated with anemia in pregnancy.
Tuberculosis, urinary tract infection (UTI).
What is the role of malaria prophylaxis in managing anemia during pregnancy?
Reduces the risk of malaria-induced hemolysis and anemia.
Fill in the blank: “The primary goal of managing anemia and sickle cell disease in pregnancy is to improve __________ and __________ outcomes.”
Maternal; fetal.
