Psych revision - Week 8 PA, Exercise, Sport and Sedentary Behaviour

Question 1

What results did the ACUSIT protocol find in relation to prolonged sitting?

Answer 1

• Acute changes in cardiovascular function following prolonged sitting such as:
• Increased systolic pressure
• Increased MAP
• Acute affect on mood profiles such as increase in fatigue after 2-4 hrs of sitting, a decrease in vigor for all 3 sessions and the tendency to be less friendly at the end of each session

Question 2

What is a MET?

Answer 2

A MET = Metabolic equivalent

This means it is the amount of oxygen consumed while sitting at rest and is equal to 3.5 ml O2 per kg body weight x min.

Question 3

What are some acute affects of sedentary behavior in older adults?

Answer 3

a) High BP/hypertension
b) Increased fatigue

Question 4

What are the UK’s recommended PA guidelines for people aged birth-5, 5-18 and >18yrs?

Answer 4

Birth-5yrs:
>180mins per day

5-18yrs:
>60mins per day

> 18yrs:
150 mins of moderate PA per week

or

75 mins of vigorous intensity activity per week

Reduce SB

For older adults, lift and improve balance 2 times a week

Question 5

What are the benefits of Tai Chi and Pilates?

Answer 5

Tai Chi and Pilates can benefit mental health

Tai Chi could be beneficial for treating fatigue

Question 6

At what age does the sharpest decline in PA occur?

Answer 6

At age 75+, only 40% are active

Question 7

Which ethnicity is the least likely to active?

Answer 7

Asians are least likely to be active (53% of their population)

Question 8

What are the four objectives of the WHO’s Physical Activity Global Action Plan?

Answer 8

1. Create active societies - aim to create positive social norms and attitudes towards PA
2. Create active environments - investment in active spaces
3. Create active people - specific settings in which investment can be directed to create opportunities for ppl to regularly engage in PA
4. Create active systems - i.e funding/investing in governance, leadership, multisectoral partnerships, workforce capabilities etc.

Question 9

What is the general Public Health Approach to improve health/wellbeing after lockdown? Where were these efforts needed to be focused?

Answer 9

The Public Health Approach is to get the message out to promote healthy behaviours

Long-term engagement focused on trust building to produce relevant, specific, and credible support for PA and healthy eating particularly in UNDERSERVED COMMUNITIES

Question 10

How did the percentage of ppl engaging in PA change during lockdown? Which activities were the exception?

Answer 10

During lockdown, there was a significant 10% decrease in PA in adults in 2019-2020, EXCEPT for walking, running and cycling

Question 11

What are three indiv. barriers to PA engagement identified in the Canadian Fitness and lifestyle Research Institute?

Answer 11

1. Lack of time
2. Lack of energy
3. Lack of motivation

Question 12

What stages of change does the Transtheoretical Model incorporate?

Answer 12

1. Pre-contemplation
2. Contemplation
3. Action
4. Preparation
5. Action
6. Maintenance
7. Termination

Question 13

What stages of change in the Transtheoretical Model can be influenced by self-efficacy and autonomous motivation?

Answer 13

The action and maintenance phase

Question 14

What are the 6 broad strategies for enhancing exercise adoption and adherence?

Answer 14

1. Behavioral Mod. Approaches

-such as a behavioral contract or prompts

2. Cognitive Behavioral Approaches

• such as goal setting

3. Decision Making Approaches

• example would be cost vs. benefit analysis

4. Social Support Approaches
5. Reinforcement Approaches

• Feedback or rewards

6. Intrinsic Approaches

• Intrinsic motivation needs to be inspired