Hip Movement and Function

Question 1

What are the origins and insertions of the hip extensors muscles?

Answer 1

3 Hamstrings:

Semitendinosus : Origin @ the ischial tuberosity and inserts @ medial aspect of the proximal part of the tibia

Semimembranosus: Origin @ the ischial tuberosity and inserts @ medial condyle of the tibia

Biceps Femoris (Long Head): Origin @ the lateral side of the ischial tuberosity and inserts @ head of the fibula

• Glute Max: Origin @ the iliac crest, sacrum and coccyx. Inserts @ the IT band and the gluteal tuberosity of the femur

Question 2

What are the origins and insertions of the hip flexor muscles?

Answer 2

Iliacus - Origin @ the medial aspect of the iliac crest and inserts @ the lesser trochanter

Pectineus - Origin @ the superior ramus of the pubis and inserts @ the pectineal line of the femur

Rectus Femoris - Origin @ the ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine) and inserts @ the quadriceps tendon above the patella

Sartorius - Origin @ the ASIS and inserts @ the medial aspect of the proximal part of the tibia

Psoas Major - Origin @ T-12 to L-5 and inserts onto the lesser trochanter

Question 3

What are the origins and insertions of the hip abductors?

Answer 3

The Glutes:

Glute Min. - Origin @ the ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines and inserts @ the greater trochanter

Glute Medius - Origin @ the ilium between the anterior and posterior gluteal lines and inserts at the greater trochanter

Glute Max - Origin @ the ilium, sacrum and coccyx and inserts @ the IT band and the gluteal tuberosity

Tensor Fasciae Latae - Opposite side of linea aspera from glutes origin @ the ASIS and inserts fully onto the IT band

Question 4

What are the origins and insertions of the hip adductors?

Answer 4

3 Adductors all originating from the pubis:

Adductor Magnus - Origin @ the inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus, ischial tuberosity and inserts @ the length of the linea aspera, medial supracondylar ridge of the femur and the adductor tubercle

Adductor Brevis - Origin @ the inferior ramus of the pubis and inserts @ the pectineal line and the medial lip of the linea aspera

Adductor Longus - Origin @ pubic tubercle and inserts @ the medial lip of the linea aspera

Pectineus - Origin @ the superior pubic ramus and inserts @ the pectineal line of the femur

Gracilis (Two joint muscle) - Origin @ inferior ramus of the pubis and extends to insert @ the anterior, medial part of the tibia at the pes anserinus tendon

Question 5

What are the origins and insertions of the hip internal rotators?

Answer 5

Glute Medius - Origin between the anterior and posterior gluteal lines and inserts @ the greater trochanter

Glute Min. - Origin @ between the inferior and anterior gluteal lines and inserts @ the greater trochanter

Tensor Fasciae Latae - Origin @ the ASIS and one third of the anterior iliac crest, inserts @ the IT band

Adductor magnus
Adductor Longus
Adductor brevis
Pectineus
Gracilis
Semitenidnosus (assists)
Semimembranosus (assists)

Question 6

What are the origins and insertions of the hip external rotators?

Answer 6

Posterior muscles

Obturator internus - Origin @ the internal side of the obturator membrane and inserts @ the greater trochanter (wraps around the ischium)

Obturator externus - Origin @ the external side of the obturator membrane and inserts @ the greater trochanter

Superior Gemellus - Origin @ the ischial spine( pointed part above the ischial tuberosity) and inserts @ the greater trochanter (medially)

Inferior Gemellus - Origin @ the ischial tuberosity and inserts @ the greater trochanter (medially)

Quadratus Femoris - Origin @ the ischial tuberosity and inserts @ the quadrate tubercle of the femur

Piriformis - Origin @ the anterior aspect of the sacrum and inserts @ the superior aspect of the greater trochanter

Glute Max. - Origin @ the iliac crest posterior to the posterior gluteal line, sacrum and coccyx and inserts @ the IT band and gluteal tuberosity of femur

Question 7

What is the obturator foremen and what is the function of the membrane there?

Answer 7

The obturator foremen is the oval shaped opening of the hip bone. The obturator membrane is a thin, strong fibrous aponeurosis that closes the foremen and is a surface for muscle attachment (the obturator internus and externus)