Psych Medications Flashcards
Most psych meds take (how long?) to work.
4-6
xanax, ativan, valium, and buspirone are all benzodiazepines and anti-anxiety drugs. Which one is unique and why?
-buspirone: doesn’t have sedative side effects, reduce CNS activity
If you’re giving someone lithium carbonate for ______, what labs would you check? What would you advise your patient?
-mania/BPD
-lithium (0.5-1.6) and Na labs
-don’t change fluid intake
Signs of lithium toxicity include:
slurred speech, cardiac dysrhythmia, issues w/ movement and coordination
What class of medications has a black box for suicidal ideation?
antidepressants
4 classes of antidepressants (2 new, 2 old)
old:
-tricyclic (TCAs)
-MAOIs
new:
-SSRIs
-SNRIs
tricyclic antidepressants: examples, use, MOA, side effects
-amitriptyline, nortriptyline
-MOA: block NT reuptake
-use: depression, nerve pain
SFX: anticholinergic (drying), OT HS, impotence
-NO ANTIDOTE for OD
MAOI examples, MOA, use, side effects/considerations
-NPMs (no popular meds): Nardil, Parmate, Marplan, Selegiline
-MOA: monoamine oxidase inhibitor (block serotonin re-uptake)
-use: mostly Parkinson’s
-SFX: siezure, HT crisis
You can’t have what food/drink while on MAOIs?
-fermented/preserved foods with tyramine–cheese, wine, kimchi, pickles
SSRIs examples and uses
-celexa, lexapro, paxil, prozac, zoloft
-use: anxiety, EDs, depression, PMDD
SSRI MOA and side effects/considerations
-MOA: block serotonin re-uptake (selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor)
-SFX: insomnia, weight gain, impotence, serotonin syndrome, suicide
-consider: don’t take w/ other protein bound drugs (warfarin, phenytoin) as there will be too much free drug in the body, consider “washout period” for switching drugs
SNRIs examples and uses
-duloxetine, venlafaxine, desvenlafaxine
-uses: anxiety, depression, pain from fibromyalgia
SNRI MOA and side effects
-MOA: block serotonin and Norepinephrine re-uptake
-SFX: N/V, drowsy, SS, suicide
Bupropion MOA, use, side effects
-MOA: releases dopamine, epinephrine
-uses: depression, SAD, nicotine addiction
-SFX: N/V, dry mouth
1st gen antipsychotics examples, use, MOA, side effects
-pro/chlorpromazine, haldol
MOA: reduces dopamine in CNS, block Ach receptors
use: “calm pts down”, schizophrenia
SFX: anticholinergic (drying), EPS, NMS
Define EPS and NMS. These conditions are potential symptoms of what?
EPS: tardive dyskinesia–uncontrolled movement
NMS: neuroleptic malignant syndrome–fever, unstable BP, rigidity
-1st/2nd gen antipsychotics can cause EPS and NMS, 3rd gen antipsychotics can cause NMS
Anticholinergic effects include
drying: dry mouth, cough, constipation, sedation/drowsy/dizzy
2nd gen antipyschotics–examples, use, MOA, side effects
-“one-pines”: quetiapine, risperidone, olanzapine
MOA: block D2 and serotonin re-uptake
use: MDD, BPD, schizophrenia
SFX: weight gain, agranularcytosis, sedation, EPS, NMS
Haldol is a more _____-_____ medication as opposed to other 1st gen antipsychotics
long-term
3rd gen antipsychotics: examples, MOA, side effects
-“azoles”: brexpiprazole (rexulti), aripiprazole (abilify)
-MOA: D2 and serotonin agonists
-SFX: akathisia (jitters), weight gain, suicide, NMS
Kids over ___ can take lexapro, for _______ and ______.
12, anxiety, depression
Children over age __ can take prozac for depression, OCD, and other off-label disorders (bulimia, social anxiety, PTSD)
10