CNS Depressants and Stimulants

Question 1

Prolonged sedative-hypnotic use may cause…

Answer 1

REM interference –> fatigue

Question 2

Stopping sedative-hypnotic drugs suddenly can cause…

Answer 2

REM rebound (tons of REM sleep, frequent/vivid dreams)

Question 3

Long acting benzodiazepines (hint: LAKV)

Answer 3

-klonopin
-valium

Question 4

Intermediate acting benzos (hint: XAR)

Answer 4

-xanax
-ativan
-restoril

Question 5

Short acting benzos

Answer 5

-versed

Question 6

Benzodiazepine, suffix, MOA side effects, interactions

Answer 6

• “pams”
• MOA: depress CNS (GABA-like)
• SFX: ‘hangover effect’, fall risk–esp for older, drowsy/dizzy/vertigo
• Interactions: grapefruit juice, azoles (antifungals), alcohol

Question 7

Barbituate suffix, MOA, use, side effects

Answer 7

-pentobarbital
-phenobarbitol
-MOA: reduce nerve impulses at brainstem
-use: pre-op relaxation, recurrent seizure, and pheno: withdrawal
-SFX: narrow therapeutic window, habit forming, drowsy/dizzy, respiratory depression, N/V, decreased REM sleep

Question 8

_________ are habit forming, have a narrow therapeutic window, and carry the side affect of respiratory depression.

Answer 8

Barbituates

Question 9

Atomoxetine is a unique drug used to treat ADHD, in that it…

Answer 9

-is not a stimulant (carries less side effects than other ADHD meds)
-takes longer to work than stimulants

Question 10

Dexmethylphenidate, amphetamines, and dextroamphetamine are examples of CNS _________ used to treat ______. Side effects include what? What schedule are these drugs?

Answer 10

stimulants, ADHD
-insomnia, tachycardia, rhabdomylosis
-schedule II

Question 11

Sumatriptan MOA and use

Answer 11

5ht Receptor agonists, migraines

Question 12

Muscle relaxants have “____” in their name and are CNS ______.

Answer 12

flex, depressants