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Anatomy > Proximal Lower Limb > Flashcards

Proximal Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

3 parts of the thigh?

A

-Anterior
-Medial
-Posterior

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2
Q

What muscles are in the anterior thigh?

A

-Iliopsoas (x2)
-Quadratus femoris (x4)
-Sartorius

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3
Q

What 2 muscles form the iliopsoas muscle?

A

-Psoas major
-Iliacus

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4
Q

What 4 muscles form quadratus femoris?

A

-Vastus lateralis
-Vastus intermedius
-Vastus medialis
-Rectus femoris

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5
Q

Insertion of psoas major & iliacus?

A

Lesser trochanter of femur

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6
Q

Innervation to psoas major?

A

Ant. rami of L1-L3 or lumbar plexus

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7
Q

Innervation to iliacus?

A

Femoral nerve

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8
Q

Function of iliopsoas muscles?

A

-Flexes thigh @ hip joint = image
-Flexes trunk = for sit ups for example

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9
Q

How do all 4 quadriceps femoris muscles insert onto patella?

A

Via quadriceps tendon

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10
Q

Insertion of vastus lateralis?

A

Quadriceps femoris tendon & lateral margin of patella

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11
Q

Innervation to vastus lateralis?

A

Femoral nerve

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12
Q

Insertion of vastus intermedius?

A

Quadriceps femoris tendon lateral margin of patella & lateral condyle of tibia

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13
Q

Innervation to vastus intermedius?

A

Femoral nerve

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14
Q

Insertion of vastus medialis?

A

Quadriceps femoris tendon & medial border of patella

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15
Q

Innervation to vastus medialis?

A

Femoral nerve

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16
Q

Function of vastus lateralis, intermedius & medialis?

A

Extends leg @ knee joint

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17
Q

Insertion of rectus femoris?

A

Quadriceps femoris tendon

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18
Q

Innervation of rectus femoris?

A

Femoral nerve

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19
Q

Function of rectus femoris?

A

-Flexes thigh @ hip joint
-Extends leg @ knee joint

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20
Q

Label the muscles of quadriceps femoris.

A

Rectus femoris is superficial to vastus intermedius
-For the vastuses - think what their name tells you

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21
Q

Insertion of sartorius?

A

Medial surface of tibia (just inferomedial to tibial tuberosity)

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22
Q

Innervation to sartorius?

A

Femoral nerve

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23
Q

Function of sartorius?

A

-Flexes thigh @ hip joint
-Flexes leg @ knee joint

-Laterally rotates @ hip joint
-Abducts @ hip joint

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24
Q

How does sartorius flex hip & knee?

A

Crosses hip & knee joints

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25
Q

What are the 5 muscles in the medial thigh?

A

-Adductor magnus (x2 components)
-Adductor longus
-Adductor brevis
-Obturator externus
-Gracilis

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26
Q

What are the 2 components of adductor magnus?

A

-Adductor component
-Hamstring component

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27
Q

Insertion of adductor component of adductor magnus?

A

-Post. surface of prox. femur
-Linea aspera***
-Med. supracondylar line

(image = post. view)

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28
Q

Insertion of hamstring component of adductor magnus?

A

Adductor tubercle & supracondylar line
(Comes from ischial tuberosity)

(image = post. view)

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29
Q

Innervation to adductor component of adductor magnus?

A

Obturator nerve

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30
Q

Innervation to hamstring component of adductor magnus?

A

Sciatic nerve (tibial division)

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31
Q

Function of 2 components of adductor magnus?

A

-Adductor component = adducts & flexes thigh @ hip joint
-Hamstring component = adducts & extends thigh - @ hip joint

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32
Q

Insertion of adductor longus?

A

Linea aspera of femur

(image = post. view)

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33
Q

Innervation to adductor longus?

A

Obturator nerve (anterior division)

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34
Q

Function of adductor longus?

A

-Adducts thigh @ hip joint
-Medially rotates thigh @ hip joint

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35
Q

Insertion of adductor brevis?

A

Post. surface of prox. femur & linea aspera

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36
Q

Innervation to adductor brevis?

A

Obturator nerve

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37
Q

Function of adductor brevis?

A

-Adducts thigh @ hip joint
-Medially rotates thigh @ hip joint

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38
Q

Insertion of obturator externus?

A

Trochanteric fossa

(image = post. view)

39
Q

Innervation to obturator externus?

A

Obturator nerve (post. division)

40
Q

Function of obturator externus?

A

Laterally rotates thigh @ hip joint

41
Q

Insertion of gracilis?

A

Med. surface of prox. tibia shaft

42
Q

Innervation to gracilis?

A

Obturator nerve

43
Q

Function of gracilis?

A

-Adducts thigh @ hip joint
-Flexes leg @ knee joint

44
Q

How can gracilis cause movements at hip & knee?

A

Crosses hip & knee joints

45
Q

Where does obturator nerve pass through?

A

Obturator foramen

46
Q

What are the 3 muscles of the posterior thigh?

A

-Biceps femoris
-Semitendinosus
-Semimembranosus

47
Q

What are the 3 muscles of the posterior thigh - collectively known as?

A

The Hamstrings

48
Q

What are the 2 parts of biceps femoris?

A

-Long head
-Short head
–> is a common tendon of both heads - biceps femoris tendon (is what stretches over post. knee in image)

49
Q

Insertion of biceps femoris?

A

Head of fibula - BOTH parts

50
Q

Innervation to biceps femoris?

A

Sciatic nerve

51
Q

Function of biceps femoris?

A

-Flexes leg @ knee joint
-Extends thigh @ hip joint
-Laterally rotates thigh @ hip joint
-Laterally rotates leg @ knee joint

52
Q

Insertion of semitendinosus?

A

Med. surface of prox. tibia

53
Q

Innervation of semitendinosus?

A

Sciatic nerve

54
Q

Function of semitendinosus?

A

-Flexes leg @ knee joint
-Extends thigh @ hip joint
-Medially rotates thigh @ hip joint
-Medially rotates leg @ knee joint

(same as semimembranosus)

55
Q

Insertion of semimembranosus?

A

Groove & adjacent bone on medial tibial condyle

56
Q

Innervation to semimembranosus?

A

Sciatic nerve

57
Q

Function of semimembranosus?

A

-Flexes leg @ knee joint
-Extends thigh @ hip joint
-Medially rotates thigh @ hip joint
-Medially rotates leg @ knee joint

(same as semitendinosus)

58
Q

What is the femoral triangle?

A

-Conduit for structures entering & leaving anterior thigh
-Wedge-shaped depression formed by muscles in the upper thigh

59
Q

Borders of femoral triangle?

A

-Base = inguinal ligament
-Medially = adductor longus
-Lateral margin = sartorius muscle
-Floor = pectineus (medially) & adductor longus (medially) & iliopsoas (laterally)
-Apex = points inf & continuous w/ adductor canal, (AC - descends medially down thigh & posteriorly through aperture adductor magnus muscle - opens into popliteal fossa behind knee)

60
Q

Components of femoral triangle?

A

(laterally)
N erve (femoral)
A rtery (femoral)
V ein (femoral)
E mpty space
L ymph nodes (within femoral canal)
(medially)

61
Q

How can the femoral artery be palpated?

A

Inf to inguinal ligament & midway between ASIS & pubic symphysis

62
Q

What is the adductor canal?

A

-Narrow conical tunnel in thigh
-Extends from apex of femoral triangle to adductor hiatus (gap between adductor & hamstring attachment of adductor magnus) of adductor magnus

–> is a passageway from structures moving between ant. thigh & post. leg

63
Q

Borders of adductor canal?

A

-Anteromedially = sartorius
-Medially = vastus medialis
-Posteriorly = adductor longus & adductor magnus

64
Q

What does the adductor canal transmit?

A

Femoral: artery, vein, nerve - to vastus medialis & saphenous nerve (largest cutaneous branch of femoral nerve)

65
Q

What are the femoral artery, vein & nerves called once leave the adductor canal?

A

-Popliteal artery
-Popliteal vein
-Popliteal nerve

66
Q

Which label indicates adductor brevis?

A

B

67
Q

Which label indicates sartorius?

A

G

68
Q

Which label indicates semitendinosus?

A

D

69
Q

Which label indicates the anterior superior iliac spine?

A

B

70
Q

Which label indicates the obturator nerve?

A

B

71
Q

Which label indicates piriformis?

A

A

72
Q

Which label indicates vastus medialis?

A

D

73
Q

Which label indicates vastus lateralis?

A

D

74
Q

Which label indicates the long head of biceps femoris?

A

C

75
Q

Which label indicates the greater trochanter of femur?

A

D

76
Q

Which label indicates the posterior cruciate ligament?

A

A

77
Q

Which label indicates the adductor brevis muscle?

A

E

78
Q

Which label indicates the long head of biceps femoris?

A

E

79
Q

Which label indicates pectineus?

A

A

80
Q

Which label indicates vastus medialis?

A

F

81
Q

Which label indicates the profunda femoris artery/deep femoral artery (right)?

A

D

82
Q

Give the anatomical name of the opening through which blood vessels, nerves or ligaments pass.

A

Foramen

83
Q

Which label indicates semimembranosus?

A

F

84
Q

Which label indicates the lesser trochanter of femur?

A

E

85
Q

Which label indicates the tibial tuberosity?

A

D

86
Q

Which label indicates psoas major?

A

A

87
Q

Which label indicates the short head of biceps femoris?

A

D

88
Q

Which label indicates the popliteal artery?

A

F

89
Q

Which label indicates the common fibular (peroneal) nerve?

A

F

90
Q

Which label indicates vastus intermedius?

A

E

91
Q

Which label indicates rectus femoris?

A

E

92
Q

Which label indicates the tibial nerve?

A

G

93
Q

Which label indicates the femoral nerve?

A

F

Anatomy (21 decks)

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