Proteins and DNA

Question 1

translation

Answer 1

the process by which proteins are produced, via RNA, using the genetic code found in the DNA; it takes place on the ribosomes

Question 2

ribosomes

Answer 2

the site of protein synthesis in the cell

Question 3

triplet code

Answer 3

the code of 3 bases that is the basis of the genetic information in the DNA

Question 4

gene

Answer 4

a sequence of bases on a DNA molecule; it contains coding for a sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain that affects a characteristic in the phenotype of the organism

Question 5

codon

Answer 5

a sequence of three bases in DNA or mRNA

Question 6

messenger RNA (mRNA)

Answer 6

the RNA formed in the nucleus that carries the genetic code out into the cytoplasm

Question 7

complementary strand

Answer 7

the strand of RNA formed that complements the DNA acting as the coding strand

Question 8

non-overlapping code

Answer 8

a code where each codon codes for only one thing with no overlap between codons

Question 9

degenerate code

Answer 9

a code containing more information than is needed

Question 10

point mutation

Answer 10

a change in a single base of the DNA code