Cell transport and diffusion

Question 1

passive transport

Answer 1

transport that takes place as a result of concentration, pressure or electrochemical gradients and involves no energy from a cell

Question 2

active transport

Answer 2

the movement of substance into or out of the cell using ATP which is produced during cellular respiration

Question 3

diffusion

Answer 3

the movement of the particles in a liquid or a gas down a concentration gradient from an area where they are at a relatively high concentration to an area where they are at a relatively low concentration

Question 4

facilitated diffusion

Answer 4

diffusion that takes place through carrier proteins or protein channels

Question 5

osmosis

Answer 5

a specialised form of diffusion that involves the movement of solvent molecules down their water potential gradient

Question 6

partially permeable mebrane

Answer 6

a membrane which only allows specific substances to pass through it

Question 7

solute

Answer 7

a substance in a solution, dissolved in the solvent

Question 8

carrier protein

Answer 8

a protein that moves a substance through the membrane in active transport using energy from the breakdown of ATP or in passive transport such as facilitated diffusion down a concentration gradient

Question 9

endocytosis

Answer 9

the movement of large molecules into cells through vesicle formation

Question 10

exocytosis

Answer 10

the movement of large molecules out of cells by the fusing of a vesicle containing the molecules with the surface cell membrane; the process requires ATP