Mitosis

Question 1

prophase

Answer 1

the first stage of active cell division where the chromosomes are coiled up and consist of two daughter chromatids joined by the centromere; the nucleolus breaks down

Question 2

metaphase

Answer 2

the second stage of active cell division where a spindle of overlapping protein microtubules forms and the chromatids line up on the metaphase plate

Question 3

anaphase

Answer 3

`the third stage of active cell division where the centromeres split so chromatids become new chromosomes; they are moved to the opposite poles of the cell, centromere first, by contractions of the microtubules of the spindle

Question 4

telophase

Answer 4

the fourth stage of active cell division where a nuclear membrane forms around the two sets of chromosomes, the chromosomes unravel and the spindle breaks down

Question 5

centromere

Answer 5

the region where a pair of chromatids are joined and which attaches to a single strand of the spindle structure at metaphase

Question 6

metaphase plate (equator)

Answer 6

the region of the spindle in the middle of the cell along which the chromatids line up

Question 7

clones

Answer 7

genetically identical individuals resulting from asexual reproduction in a single parent

Question 8

mitotic index

Answer 8

the ratio between the number of cells in a tissue sample that are in mitosis and the total number of cells in the sample