Gene Mutation

Question 1

mutation

Answer 1

a permanent change in the DNA of an organism

Question 2

gametes

Answer 2

haploid sex cells that fuse to form a new diploid cell (zygote) in sexual reproduction

Question 3

Point mutation (gene mutation)

Answer 3

a change in a single base of the DNA code

Question 4

substitution

Answer 4

a type of point mutation in which one base in a gene is substituted for another

Question 5

deletion

Answer 5

a type of point mutation in which a base i completely lost

Question 6

insertion

Answer 6

a type of point mutation in which an extra base is added into a gene, which may be a repeat or a different base

Question 7

chromosomal mutations

Answer 7

changes in the position of entire genes within a chromosome

Question 8

whole-chromosome mutations

Answer 8

the loss or duplication of entire genes within a chromosome

Question 9

variation

Answer 9

differences between organisms which may be the result of different genes or the environment they live in

Question 10

mutagen

Answer 10

anything that increases the rate of mutation