Proteins

Question 1

Subunits

Answer 1

Amino Acids

Question 2

Amino Acids general structure

Answer 2

Amino group, variable side chain, carboxyl group

Question 3

How many different amino acids are there

Answer 3

@0

Question 4

What elemnts do Amnio Acids contain

Answer 4

Carbon 
Hydrogen 
Oxygen 
Nitrogen 
and sometimes Sulfur

Question 5

2 amino acids make a

Answer 5

dipeptide

Question 6

Bond in a dipeptide

Answer 6

peptide bond

Question 7

Structures of a protein

Answer 7

Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quaternary

Question 8

Primary structure

Answer 8

Sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain

Question 9

Primary structure bonds

Answer 9

Peptide bonds

Question 10

Secondary structure

Answer 10

Initial folding of a polypeptide chain

Alpha helix and Beta pleated sheets

Question 11

Secondray structure bonds

Answer 11

Hydrogen bonds

Question 12

Tertiary structure

Answer 12

Further folding to give the fianl 3D form

Question 13

Tertiary structure bonds

Answer 13

Hydrogen bonds
Disulphide bonds
Ionic bonds
Hydrophobi/hydrophilic interactions

Question 14

Quaternary structure

Answer 14

Many polypeptide chains in tertiary structure together

Question 15

Prostectic group

Answer 15

Some proteins have non proteins groups attached

Question 16

Fibrous proteins

Answer 16

Long fibres/sheets
Insoluble in proteins
Structural role

Question 17

Globular proteins

Answer 17

Spherical/globe like
Soluble in water
Biomedical functions (enzymes)
metabolic function

Question 18

Denaturation

Answer 18

Permanent change in shape

Question 19

Temperature

Answer 19

weak bonds are broken

alters tertiary structure so unable to carry out function

Question 20

pH

Answer 20

disrupt hydrogen and ionic bonds
alters tertairy structure
unable to cary out functions

Question 21

Enzymers Are Proteins

Answer 21

Enzymers Are Proteins

Question 22

Enzymes

Answer 22

Biologicalcatalysts

increase rate of reaction

Question 23

Activation Energy

Answer 23

minimum amount of energy required for a reaction to occur

Question 24

How do enzymes affect Activation Energy

Answer 24

enzymes lower the activation energy

allows reactions to take place in the body

Question 25

Lock and Key

Answer 25

Substrate is completly complementary in shape to the enzymes active site
Perfect fit
No change in shape

Question 26

Induced Fit

Answer 26

Substrate and Active site are complementary but not completly
Not an exact match
Slight change in shape

Question 27

pH of a solution

Answer 27

Measure of its hydrogen ion concentration

Question 28

Calculating pH

Answer 28

pH = -log10[H+]

[H+] = 10^-pH

Question 29

Measure enzyme activity

Answer 29

Formation of products
or
disappearance of substrate

Question 30

Enzyme-Substate Complexes

Answer 30

Enzyme-Substate Complexes

Question 31

Rate

Answer 31

change / time

change in y / change in x

Question 32

For a reaction to occur

Answer 32

Must be contacts between sunstarte and active site of enzyme

Question 33

Increase Contact

Answer 33

increase temperature
increase concentration of substrate
increase concentration of enzyme

Question 34

Competative Inhibitor

Answer 34

Different molecule with the same shape
binds to active site instead of substare
stops formation of enzyme-substate complexes

Question 35

Non Competative Inhibitor

Answer 35

Molecule binds to enzyme at the allosteric site
changes active site shape
substrate can no longer fir and bind
stops formation of enzyme-substrate complexes

Question 36

Enzyme Activation

Answer 36

molecule can bind as an inhitior but instead of stopping the formation of enzyme-substrae complexes
it allows binding and actiavtes the enzyme for enzyme-substare completes to form