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a5 therapeutic exercise > Propriocepive Neuromuscular Facilitation - EXAM 2 > Flashcards

Propriocepive Neuromuscular Facilitation - EXAM 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what do you need to think about when looking at PNF

A

think in patterns not in individual muscles

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2
Q

what are used to elicit motor response

A

Spiral and Diagonal patterns and sensory cues are used to elicit motor responses

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3
Q

what do the larger/strong muscles to in a group

A

The larger/stronger muscle groups facilitate the responsiveness of the weaker/smaller groups

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4
Q

what are the stages of motor learning

A
  • skill
  • controlled mobility
  • stability
  • mobility
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5
Q

what does PNF address

A

everything on the Motor control continuem

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6
Q

what is mobility

A

Ability to move through functional range of motion
and
to initiate and sustain active movement through range

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7
Q

what is stability

A

The ability to sustain an isometric contraction in the shortened range against gravitational resistance

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8
Q

what is controlled mobility

Rolling

A

ovement within or between weight bearing postures
or
Ability to rotate around a longitudinal axis

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9
Q

what is skill

A

Constant performance of functional tasks with economy of effort, and proper timing, sequencing, speed and coordination

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10
Q

what is
p
N
F

A

Proprioceptive

Neuromuscular

Facilitation

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11
Q

what does the PNF do for the body

A

Spiral and Diagonal patterns of movement with neuromuscular facilitation to evoke motor responses

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12
Q

what does the PNF improve

A

mobility, stability, strength, endurance, neuromuscular control, and function

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13
Q

what are sensory cues used for PNF

A

Sensory cues are used to facilitate a motor response

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14
Q

what is proprioceptive

A

Sensory receptors stimulated by muscle length or tension, joint angle either stationary or moving, and by head position.

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15
Q

what is neuromuscular

A

Pertaining to Nerves and Muscles

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16
Q

what is facilitation

A

The enhancement of response by a stimulus

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17
Q

what is tactile input

A
  • manual contact

- patient postilion

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18
Q

what is manual contact

A

On the skin overlying the target (agonist) muscle

Providing submaximal resistance in the direction of motion

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19
Q

how do you get a better sense of PNF

A

tactile input

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20
Q

what is irradiation

A

tension of one muscle results in overflow of tension in nearby muscle groups

– more tension = more muscles

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21
Q

how much facilitation ( resistance should i apply to the pattern

A

the greatest amount possible which still allows for smooth pain free and complete rom

resistance can be adjusted throughout the pattern to accommodate strong and weak components

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22
Q

what are some joint receptors

A
  • traction

- approximation

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23
Q

what is traction of the joint receptors

A

slight separation of joint surfaces
( think of the rolling )
– climbing on the monkey bars

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24
Q

what is approximation of the joint receptors

A

gentle compression of joint surfaces
( think of the rolling )
– supine arm bar

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25
why do traction or approximation ?
they joints are getting more input by doing these traction and approximation to get a better motor response
26
what is quick stretch reflex
Rapid stretch to the elongated muscle * Facilitates the initiation of motion * Followed by resisted contraction
27
KNOW slides
21 and 22
28
what is upper extremity D1 and D2 patterns
- flexion | - extension
29
what are the upper extremity patterns named after
named by the ending position of the shoulder
30
what are some scapular patterns
anterior elevation anterior depression posterior elevation posterior depression
31
what are the muscles of anterior elevation
levator scapulae, rhomboids, | serratus anterior
32
what are the muscles of anterior depression
Serratus anterior, rhomboids, | pectoralis major and miner
33
what are the muscles of | posterior elevation
Trapezius, levator scapulae
34
what are the muscles of | posterior depression
``` Serratus anterior(lower), rhomboids, latissimus dorsi ```
35
what is the goal of the PNF and mobility
Inhibit inappropriate muscular tone
36
what are some PNF techniques to improve mobility
* Rhythmical Rotation * Rhythmical Initiation * Hold-Relax Stretching * Contract-Relax Stretching * Agonist Contraction * Hold-Relax with Agonist Contraction
37
what is rhythmical rotation used for
- Initiation of movement | - Limited ROM due to high tone
38
what does the therapist do for rhythmical rotation
Therapist passively rotates the extremity along the long axis to promote relaxation of tone and improved ROM
39
what is Rhythmical Initiation used for
- Initiation of movement - Limited ROM due to high tone - Difficulty with motor learning
40
what does the therapist do for Rhythmical Initiation
Therapist passively moves the extremity through the ROM so they can get the hang of what is happen without resistance - passive - active assisted - active
41
what is the hold relax pnf
The restricted muscle is stretched (lengthened) to the point of limitation • Contraction is held for 5 to 10 seconds • Intensity is about 20% effort
42
what is the contract relax pnf
The restricted muscle is stretched (lengthened) to the point of limitation * Contraction is held for 5 to 10 seconds * Intensity is about 20% effort
43
how does the contract relax and the hold relax work
autogenci inhibition
44
what is autogenic inhibition
Inhibition of the contractile components of a muscle by the GTO contributes to reflexive muscle relaxation enabling the muscle to be elongated against less muscle tension
45
what is an agonist
refers to the muscle opposite the range limiting muscle
46
what is the antagonist
refers to the range limiting muscle
47
what is agonist contraction
The restricted muscle is stretched (lengthened) to the point of limitation • Contraction is held for 5 to 10 seconds • Intensity is about 20%
48
how does the agonist contraction work
Reciprocal Inhibition
49
what is Reciprocal Inhibition
Agonist muscles on one side of a joint relax to accommodate contraction or lengthening of the antagonist muscle on the other side of that joint
50
what is the hold- relax with agonist contraction
The restricted muscle is stretched (lengthened) to the point of limitation * Contraction is held for 5 to 10 seconds * Intensity is about 20% effort
51
how does the hold- relax with agonist contraction work
by BOTH - autogenic inhibition - reciprocal inhibition
52
what is the goal of pnf stability
improve ability to maintain static positional control
53
what are some pnf stability exercises
Alternating Isometrics Rhythmical Stabilization Slow Reversal Hold
54
what is alternating isometrics
* Improves isometric stability of trunk and postural stabilizers * Patient is instructed to “hold” their position * Resistance is unidirectional
55
What is Rhythmical Stabilization
* Stability through co-contraction of proximal stabilizers * Progression from alternating isometrics * Patient is instructed to “hold” their position * Resistance is multidirectional
56
What is Slow Reversal Hold
concentric contracitn isometric end range hold concentric contraction **** no rest between contractions
57
what is the difference between Alternating isometrics and rhythmical stabilization
the rotations
58
what is the difference between Slow Reversal and alternating isometrics
Slow Rev- concentric | alternating - isometrics
59
what is the goal of pnf controlled mobility
Improve transitional movements within weight-bearing postures
60
what are some examples of controlled mobility
Agonistic Reversal Slow Reversal Slow Reversal Hold
61
what is agonistic reversal
CONCENTRIC contraction against resistance followed by an ECCENTRIC contraction against resistance
62
what is slow reversal
Concentric isotonic contraction followed by a concentric isotonic contraction in the opposite direction
63
what is the goal of pnf skill
consistently perform functional tasks with normal coordination
64
what are some examples of pnf skill
``` Slow Reversal Slow Reversal Hold Agonistic Reversals Normal Timing Resisted Progression ```
65
what is normal timing
Proximal segments are manually prevented from moving through the range as distal segments are simultaneously facilitated by quick stretch and appropriate resistance.
66
what is resisted progression
Used to emphasize coordination of the proximal components during gait by resistance applied to the pelvis

a5 therapeutic exercise (12 decks)

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