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a5 therapeutic exercise > Propriocepive Neuromuscular Facilitation - EXAM 2 > Flashcards

Propriocepive Neuromuscular Facilitation - EXAM 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what do you need to think about when looking at PNF

A

think in patterns not in individual muscles

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2
Q

what are used to elicit motor response

A

Spiral and Diagonal patterns and sensory cues are used to elicit motor responses

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3
Q

what do the larger/strong muscles to in a group

A

The larger/stronger muscle groups facilitate the responsiveness of the weaker/smaller groups

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4
Q

what are the stages of motor learning

A
  • skill
  • controlled mobility
  • stability
  • mobility
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5
Q

what does PNF address

A

everything on the Motor control continuem

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6
Q

what is mobility

A

Ability to move through functional range of motion
and
to initiate and sustain active movement through range

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7
Q

what is stability

A

The ability to sustain an isometric contraction in the shortened range against gravitational resistance

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8
Q

what is controlled mobility

Rolling

A

ovement within or between weight bearing postures
or
Ability to rotate around a longitudinal axis

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9
Q

what is skill

A

Constant performance of functional tasks with economy of effort, and proper timing, sequencing, speed and coordination

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10
Q

what is
p
N
F

A

Proprioceptive

Neuromuscular

Facilitation

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11
Q

what does the PNF do for the body

A

Spiral and Diagonal patterns of movement with neuromuscular facilitation to evoke motor responses

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12
Q

what does the PNF improve

A

mobility, stability, strength, endurance, neuromuscular control, and function

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13
Q

what are sensory cues used for PNF

A

Sensory cues are used to facilitate a motor response

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14
Q

what is proprioceptive

A

Sensory receptors stimulated by muscle length or tension, joint angle either stationary or moving, and by head position.

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15
Q

what is neuromuscular

A

Pertaining to Nerves and Muscles

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16
Q

what is facilitation

A

The enhancement of response by a stimulus

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17
Q

what is tactile input

A
  • manual contact

- patient postilion

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18
Q

what is manual contact

A

On the skin overlying the target (agonist) muscle

Providing submaximal resistance in the direction of motion

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19
Q

how do you get a better sense of PNF

A

tactile input

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20
Q

what is irradiation

A

tension of one muscle results in overflow of tension in nearby muscle groups

– more tension = more muscles

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21
Q

how much facilitation ( resistance should i apply to the pattern

A

the greatest amount possible which still allows for smooth pain free and complete rom

resistance can be adjusted throughout the pattern to accommodate strong and weak components

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22
Q

what are some joint receptors

A
  • traction

- approximation

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23
Q

what is traction of the joint receptors

A

slight separation of joint surfaces
( think of the rolling )
– climbing on the monkey bars

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24
Q

what is approximation of the joint receptors

A

gentle compression of joint surfaces
( think of the rolling )
– supine arm bar

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25
Q

why do traction or approximation ?

A

they joints are getting more input by doing these traction and approximation to get a better motor response

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26
Q

what is quick stretch reflex

A

Rapid stretch to the elongated muscle

  • Facilitates the initiation of motion
    * Followed by resisted contraction
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27
Q

KNOW slides

A

21 and 22

28
Q

what is upper extremity D1 and D2 patterns

A
  • flexion

- extension

29
Q

what are the upper extremity patterns named after

A

named by the ending position of the shoulder

30
Q

what are some scapular patterns

A

anterior elevation
anterior depression
posterior elevation
posterior depression

31
Q

what are the muscles of anterior elevation

A

levator scapulae, rhomboids,

serratus anterior

32
Q

what are the muscles of anterior depression

A

Serratus anterior, rhomboids,

pectoralis major and miner

33
Q

what are the muscles of

posterior elevation

A

Trapezius, levator scapulae

34
Q

what are the muscles of

posterior depression

A 
Serratus anterior(lower), rhomboids,
 latissimus dorsi
35
Q

what is the goal of the PNF and mobility

A

Inhibit inappropriate muscular tone

36
Q

what are some PNF techniques to improve mobility

A
  • Rhythmical Rotation
  • Rhythmical Initiation
  • Hold-Relax Stretching
  • Contract-Relax Stretching
  • Agonist Contraction
  • Hold-Relax with Agonist Contraction
37
Q

what is rhythmical rotation used for

A
  • Initiation of movement

- Limited ROM due to high tone

38
Q

what does the therapist do for rhythmical rotation

A

Therapist passively rotates the extremity along the long axis to promote relaxation of tone and improved ROM

39
Q

what is Rhythmical Initiation used for

A
  • Initiation of movement
  • Limited ROM due to high tone
  • Difficulty with motor learning
40
Q

what does the therapist do for Rhythmical Initiation

A

Therapist passively moves the extremity through the ROM so they can get the hang of what is happen without resistance

  • passive
  • active assisted
  • active
41
Q

what is the hold relax pnf

A

The restricted muscle is stretched (lengthened) to the point of limitation
• Contraction is held for 5 to 10 seconds
• Intensity is about 20% effort

42
Q

what is the contract relax pnf

A

The restricted muscle is stretched (lengthened) to the point of limitation

  • Contraction is held for 5 to 10 seconds
    • Intensity is about 20% effort
43
Q

how does the contract relax and the hold relax work

A

autogenci inhibition

44
Q

what is autogenic inhibition

A

Inhibition of the contractile components of a muscle by the GTO contributes to reflexive muscle relaxation enabling the muscle to be elongated against less muscle tension

45
Q

what is an agonist

A

refers to the muscle opposite the range limiting muscle

46
Q

what is the antagonist

A

refers to the range limiting muscle

47
Q

what is agonist contraction

A

The restricted muscle is stretched (lengthened) to the point of limitation
• Contraction is held for 5 to 10 seconds
• Intensity is about 20%

48
Q

how does the agonist contraction work

A

Reciprocal Inhibition

49
Q

what is Reciprocal Inhibition

A

Agonist muscles on one side of a joint relax to accommodate contraction or lengthening of the antagonist muscle on the other side of that joint

50
Q

what is the hold- relax with agonist contraction

A

The restricted muscle is stretched (lengthened) to the point of limitation

 * Contraction is held for 5 to 10 seconds
* Intensity is about 20% effort
51
Q

how does the hold- relax with agonist contraction work

A

by BOTH

  • autogenic inhibition
  • reciprocal inhibition
52
Q

what is the goal of pnf stability

A

improve ability to maintain static positional control

53
Q

what are some pnf stability exercises

A

Alternating Isometrics
Rhythmical Stabilization
Slow Reversal Hold

54
Q

what is alternating isometrics

A
  • Improves isometric stability of trunk and postural stabilizers
  • Patient is instructed to “hold” their position
  • Resistance is unidirectional
55
Q

What is Rhythmical Stabilization

A
  • Stability through co-contraction of proximal stabilizers
  • Progression from alternating isometrics
  • Patient is instructed to “hold” their position
  • Resistance is multidirectional
56
Q

What is Slow Reversal Hold

A

concentric contracitn
isometric end range hold
concentric contraction
** no rest between contractions

57
Q

what is the difference between Alternating isometrics and rhythmical stabilization

A

the rotations

58
Q

what is the difference between Slow Reversal and alternating isometrics

A

Slow Rev- concentric

alternating - isometrics

59
Q

what is the goal of pnf controlled mobility

A

Improve transitional movements within weight-bearing postures

60
Q

what are some examples of controlled mobility

A

Agonistic Reversal
Slow Reversal
Slow Reversal Hold

61
Q

what is agonistic reversal

A

CONCENTRIC contraction against resistance followed by an ECCENTRIC contraction against resistance

62
Q

what is slow reversal

A

Concentric isotonic contraction followed by a concentric isotonic contraction in the opposite direction

63
Q

what is the goal of pnf skill

A

consistently perform functional tasks with normal coordination

64
Q

what are some examples of pnf skill

A 
Slow Reversal
Slow Reversal Hold
Agonistic Reversals
Normal Timing
Resisted Progression
65
Q

what is normal timing

A

Proximal segments are manually prevented from moving through the range as distal segments are simultaneously facilitated by quick stretch and appropriate resistance.

66
Q

what is resisted progression

A

Used to emphasize coordination of the proximal components during gait by resistance applied to the pelvis

a5 therapeutic exercise (12 decks)

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