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Psychology > Prologue > Flashcards

Prologue Flashcards

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1
Q

Psychology

A

The scientific study of behavior and mental process

Must have 1 of these:

1) Natural Observation
2) Survey
3) Case Study
4) Correlation Study
5) Experimental Research -> most effective

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2
Q

Behaviorist

A

Psychologists that study only things they can see

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3
Q

Cognitave

A

Thinking

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4
Q

Rods

A

part of the eye that carries black and white colors to the brain
in the outer parts of the eye

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5
Q

Cones

A

part of the eye that carries color to the brain
in the inner parts of eye

2 types:

1) Red Green
2) Blue Yellow

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6
Q

After Image Effect

A
  • Brain creates a new color by using opponent colors
  • a mistake
  • cones or rods burn out so eye produces the opposite color
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7
Q

Opponent processes of the Human Body

A

If one thing happens in extreme (in the body), shortly after the opposite happens

e. g. -drinking too much alcohol then hang over
- sugar rush then crashing

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8
Q

Homeostasis

A

body wants to balance

opponent process of the human body

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9
Q

Trephing

A

(2000 BCE)
Putting holes into people’s heads

used for draining out tumors

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10
Q

Thinking about the mind - Greeks

A

(350 BCE)

Plato - Nature, mind continues after death
Aristotle - Nurture, mind dies with body
Socrates - Introspection

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11
Q

Introspection

A

You think about your own body

guessing

(350 BCE) - Socrates

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12
Q

Phrenology

A

(1600)
Study bumps on heads to predict occupation
all wrong

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13
Q

John Locke

A

(1700’s)

Mind is blank at birth - Nurture
Empiricism

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14
Q

Empiricism

A

To study the mind, record observations

keep data

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15
Q

Wilhem Wundt

A

(1879)

Father of Psychology
Studied reaction time
Psycho/Physics

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16
Q

Psycho/Physics

A

Dropping a ball from a ladder and timing how long it takes for people to react to the ball hitting the ground

17
Q

Edward Titchner

A

(Early 1900’s)

  • Teacher at Cornell
  • Structuralism
  • Task of psychology is to identify parts of the brain you’re using
18
Q

Structuralism

A

parts of the body do different things

use introspection

19
Q

William James

A

(Early 1900’s)

Teacher at Harvard
Functionalism

wrote Principles of Psychology - still used today

20
Q

Functionalism

A

outside world controls body
still around today
turns into Behaviorism

21
Q

Stanly Hall

A

(Early 1900’s)

Started A.P.A - American Psychological Association

22
Q

Mary Whiton Calkins

A

(1905)

1st Female president of A.P.A

23
Q

John B. Watson and BF Skinner

A

Behaviorism

used rewards and punishments to condition people

24
Q

Ken Clark

A

(1954)

Doll Study

 - took black and white dolls around US and talked to     children
 - asked questions about which doll was better
      - subjects always picked the white doll
25
Q

Freud

A

(1960)

Psychoanalytic Theory

26
Q

Psychoanalytic Theory/Psychodynamic Theory

A

unconscious controls you

unconscious - what you can access in your mind

27
Q

Neuroscience

A

blood and body chemistry drive you to be the way you are

28
Q

Evolutionary

A

You are like your ancestors because it worked for them

survival of the fittest

29
Q

Behavior Genetics

A

Genes program you

30
Q

Psychodynamics

A

unconscious causes it

31
Q

Behaviorial

A

Environment causes it

32
Q

*Cognitive

A

You do things because you thought about it

33
Q

Social Cultural

A

you act a certain way because of your culture

34
Q

Stability vs Change

Continuity) vs (Discontinuity

A

personality doesn’t change throughout life

change personality changes one or more times

35
Q

Human rationality vs Human irrationality

A

Homosapian - wise human

36
Q

Nature vs Nurture

A

Born the way you are or taught to act a certain way

ongoing debate

Psychology (17 decks)

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