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Psychology > Ch 5: The Developing Person Throughout Life > Flashcards

Ch 5: The Developing Person Throughout Life Flashcards

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1
Q

Prenatal Stage

A
  • 3 stages
  1. Zygote - fertalized egg - (0-10 days)
  2. Embryo - attached to uturus wall (2 weeks - 2 months)
  3. Fetus - looks human - (9 weeks to birth)
    1. at 6 months, it is responsive to sound and knows mother’s voice
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2
Q

Teratogens

A
  • harmful agents that permeate the placenta and hurt the baby
  • any bad thing that can enter the baby’s body
  • e.g. Alcohol, drugs, viruses
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3
Q

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

F.A.S.

A

mother drinks heavily during pregnancy

baby has severe mental problems and an oversized head

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4
Q

Reflexes babies are born with - (6)

  1. Rooting Reflex
  2. Withdraw Relfex
  3. Moro Reflex
  4. Palmer Reflex
  5. Bakinski Reflex
  6. Sphincter Reflex
A
  1. Rooting Reflex - touch cheek and baby turns to that side to look for food
  2. Withdraw Reflex - move away from pain
  3. Moro Reflex - arch back when scared
  4. Palmer Reflex - tighten hand when something touches foot
  5. Bakinski Reflex - spread toes when something touches foot
  6. Sphincter Reflex - Anus will open and close with pressure - for poop
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5
Q

Habituation

A

decreasing responses due to repeated stimulations

e.g. mobiles above baby’s crib

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6
Q

*Jean Piaget

A
  • father of child cognitive development
  • babies brains are woking harder because their brain is still building
  • core idea - kids are different than adults because:
    • kids are active thinkers
    • kids try to understand the world by building schemas
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7
Q

Schema

A
  • mental molds that organize info
  • works like a database
  • when recieving new info, brain looks to older schemas for answers, can mistake something for another ifthey have similar traits
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8
Q

Assimilate

A

putting new experiences in a schema that already exists

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9
Q

Accomodate

A

creating a new schema

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10
Q

Piaget Stage Theory - (4)

  1. Sensorimotor
  2. Preoperational
  3. Concrete Operational
  4. Formal Operational
A
  1. Sensorimotor - (0-2) - you experience world through touch and taste
    1. object permanance
    2. stranger anxiety
  2. ​Preoperational - (2-6) - Learn language but no logic
    1. egocentric
    2. lack conservation
  3. Concrete Operational - (7 - 12) - can understand logic, jokes, and do basic math
  4. Formal Operational - (12 - adult) - have abstract thinking, concepts, symbols, and can deduce consequences
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11
Q

Object Permanance

A

knowing an object is still there when you can’t see it

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12
Q

Stranger Anxiety

A

fear of strangers

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13
Q

Egocentric

A

world revolves around the kid

e.g. “Why is the moon following me?”

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14
Q

Conservation

A

no logic

e.g. tall and fat containers - same volume - can’t tell which can hold more liquid when they are the same

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15
Q

Erik Erikson

8 Social Stages

  1. Trust vs Mistrust
  2. Autonomy vs “Shame on You”
  3. Initiative vs Guilt
  4. Industry vs Inferiority
  5. *Identity vs Role Confusion
  6. Intimacy vs Isolation
  7. Productivity vs Stagnation
  8. Integrity vs Despair
A
  1. (0 - 1.5) - Trust vs Mistrust
    1. baby calling for people to help with hunger and dirty diapers
  2. (1.5 - 3) - Autonomy vs “Shame on you”
    1. kids try to do things on their own, but are too uncoordinated
  3. (3-6) - Initiative vs Guilt
    1. kids try to act like their parents and try to do tasks they can’t do
  4. (6-puberity) - Industry vs Inferiority
    1. Industry = kids doing really well at things
    2. Inferiority = kids doing poorly at things
  5. (teens) - Identity vs Role Confusion
    1. finding what your future is going to be
  6. (young Adult) - Intimacy vs Isolation
    1. wetheror not you want a partner in life
  7. (middle age) - Productivity vs Stagnation
    1. are you accomplishing things
  8. (old age) - Integrity vs Despair
    1. reflecting on your life
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16
Q

Lawrence Kohlberg

Moral Development - (3)

  1. Preconventional
  2. Conventional
  3. Postconventional
A
  1. Preconventional - avoid punishment or gain reward
    1. thinking you can gain something out of doing something
  2. Conventional - gain approval or it’s the law!
    1. do things because it’s the law or you hope to gain someone’s approval
  3. Postconventional - “I believe some abstract principal” or Social Contrast(It’s the right thing to do)
    1. you make up some reason why something’s there
17
Q

Heinz Dilemma

A

steal medical drugs to save a loved one because you can’t pay for it

18
Q

Development of Self Concept

A
  • (15-18months) - self concept starts
  • (8-10) - self concept becomes stable
  • positive self concept results in confidence, independence, optimism
19
Q

3 types of parenting

  1. Authoritarian
  2. Permissive
  3. Authorative
A
  1. Authoritarian - strict
  2. Permissive - freedom, independent
  3. Authorative - comprimising, demanding but will listen
    1. leads to higher self confidence and higher self-esteem
20
Q

Harry Harlow

A
  • Attachment Development
  • attachment is not from food, but from being soft, warm and comforting
  • monkey experiment - took baby monkies and put them in a room with a wire and felt monkey
    • wire monkey has food
    • when scared, the monkey will go to the soft felt monkey
21
Q

Imprinting

A

form attachment from first care giver

all animals except humans

22
Q

Critical Period

A

period after birth where you must be exposed to certain things or you will never get them

23
Q

Mary Amsworth

A
  • Experiment on strange situation
  • invited kids into a strange room with mother in a different part of room - 2 types of kids
    1. kids would play - responsive mothers who came when called for
    2. kids wouldn’t play - unresponsive mothers
      1. kid follows mother to other part of room
24
Q

Fluid Intelligence

A

how well you can learn a new thing

25
Q

Crystallized Intelligence

A

what you already know

26
Q

Social Clock

A

when is the right time to do something?

e.g. leaving home, marrying, having kids

27
Q

Developmental Psychology

A

A branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span

Psychology (17 decks)

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