Problem 7

Question 1

What is a group?

Answer 1

Two or more people share a common definition of themselves. And behave so, interdependent

Individualist says: people behave the same in groups or not in groups
Collectivist says: behavior only occurs in groups

Question 2

Bound of groups :

Entitativity: High entitativity = boundaries and well structured group(PBL group)

Answer 2

Common bound group:
Based on attachment to members (focus on personal goals) more woman
Common identity group:Based in attachment to group identity (focus on group goals) more men

Question 3

What is social facilitation?

Answer 3

Mere presence of members of the same species = improvement in performance =passive audience that is only physically present

Opposite can happen social inhibition

Question 4

What are audience effects?

Answer 4

Impact on individual task performance of the presence of others

Question 5

What are drive explanations?

Answer 5

Explanations that causes us to act

Question 6

What is the evaluation apprehension model?

Answer 6

Drive is caused because people have learnt to be worried about being evaluated

Question 7

What is the drive theory?

Answer 7

How we change innoresence of others

Question 8

What is the distraction conflict theory?

Answer 8

Reason for drive is that other peopke are a distraction = conflict paying attention to task or people

Question 9

Two self explanations?

Answer 9

Self awareness theory

Self discrepancy theory

Question 10

What is the self awareness theory?

Answer 10

We make comparison from us to others and therefore social facilitation

Question 11

Self discrepancy theory?

Answer 11

Try to match the ideal self = best performance

Question 12

What are attentional consequences?

Answer 12

Only limited attention possible, many people =focus on task with no distraction

Question 13

Interactive groups classification of group tasks

Answer 13

Task taxonomy = groupbtasks can be classified

Is division of labour possible?
predetermined standard to be met?
How an individuals input can contribute?

Question 14

Problems?

Answer 14

Process loss = range if possible infkuence among the group = bad performance

Coordination loss=problems in coordinating behaviour

Motivation loss

Question 15

What is the ringelman effect?

Answer 15

Individual performance worsen in groups

Question 16

What is social loafing?

Answer 16

Reduction of effort if people in a group (others loaf others watch)

Question 17

What are free riders?

Answer 17

Exploit group product and don’t do anything

Question 18

What is social compensation?

Answer 18

Others loaf so we work harder cause we can

Question 19

What is cohesiveness,

Answer 19

Attractive group shared goals interdependence

Why do I like a group and we stick together?

Personal attraction = I like Hanne
Social attraction= I like Hanne because she is in my sports team

Question 20

What is group socialization?

Answer 20

How do groups form?

How groups change?

Question 21

How do groups form?

Answer 21

Forming 
Storming =working through disagreements
Norming = find same page 
Performing 
Adjourning =end of group goal achieved

Question 22

How do groups change?

Answer 22

1. Evaluation (people evaluate group and other way around) something wrong= change and improvement
2. Commitment (do I do more for the group or the group for me )
3. Role transition (I was a full member and drop out)

Question 23

What is the frame of reference?

Answer 23

Attitudes and behaviour that are acceptable

Question 24

What is ethnomethodology?

Answer 24

Violation of norms detects them(people get angry and you know there was a norm)

Question 25

What is a schism?

Answer 25

Division of a group because subgroups are too different

Question 26

What are subjective group dynamics?

Answer 26

Marginal out group = positive

Marginal in group = negative not a real number

Question 27

Why do we join groups?

Answer 27

Uncertain identity theory- identity/reduce self uncertainty

Terror management theory people join groups in order to reduce the fear of death

Question 28

What is social ostracism?

Answer 28

Exclusion from a group by common consent

Being excluded or ostracized by a group is aversive and can lead to extreme reactions