Problem 6

Question 1

What is social influence?

Answer 1

Process whereby attitudes and behaviour are influenced by the real or implied presence of their people

Question 2

What are norms?

Answer 2

Attitudinal and behavioral uniformities that define group membership and differentiate between groups. We think norm is appropriate = standard for behavior

> Leadership plays a big role in the construction of norms and influence and persuasion

Question 3

What is compliance?

Answer 3

(No internal change) public change in behavior ,expressed attitudes in response to group pressure

Child cleans room only if parents are watching

Question 4

What is persuasive infkuence?

Answer 4

(Internal change)

Subjective acceptance
Child cleans room if no one is watching

Reference groups : change our attitudes
Membership groups: we belong to (I am a student but I hate being a student

Question 5

What is the dual process dependency model?

Answer 5

Two influences dependency on others for

Social approval

Info about reality

Question 6

What are the 6 types of power influence?

Answer 6

Reward power

Coercive power

Informational power

Expert power

Legitimate power

Referente power

Question 7

What is the reward power?

Answer 7

The ability to give or promise rewards for compliance

Capacity to influence others resisting their influence= power

Question 8

Whatbis coercive power,

Answer 8

The ability to give or threaten punishment for non compliance

Power= leadership position in a group with power

Question 9

What is informations power

Answer 9

The targets belief that the influences has more information than oneself

Those with influence in a group have power

Question 10

What is expert power?

Answer 10

The targets belief that the influencer has generally greater expertise and knowledge than oneself

Question 11

What is the legitimate power?

Answer 11

The targets belief that the influencer is authorized by a recognized power structure to command and make decisions

Question 12

What is referente power?

Answer 12

Identification with attraction to or respect for the source of influence

Question 13

Obedience to authority

Answer 13

Milgram experiment Yale

Question 14

What is an agentic state?

Answer 14

Frame of mind and thought by Milgram to characterize unquestioning obedience people as agents transfer personal responsibility to the person giving orders

Question 15

What are the factors influencing obedience?

Answer 15

Immediacy of the victim : how close or obvious the victim is to the participant

Empathy: seeing someone as a person like oneself and empathize with their thoughts and feelings (Eg pregnant woman express greater commitment to pregnancy after seeing the first uktrasound)

Question 16

Immediacy if the authority figure

Answer 16

How close or obvious the authoritarian person is from the participant

Question 17

Group pressure

Answer 17

Actions of the others help to confirm that it is either legitimate or illegitimate to continue something

Question 18

What are the ethics of milgram

Answer 18

1) participants were now given the impression they can stop and leave
2) deception as true nature was not explained
3) Not as important to harm people long term(Only 1.3 regretted participating but some long term damage)

Question 19

Conformity formation/influence of norms

Answer 19

Frame of reference: range if subjectively conceivable positions that relevant people can occupy in a particular context in some attitudinal or behavioral dimension

It explains the origin of social norms

What is auto mines is: optical illusion in which a pin point of light is shining in complete darkness appears to move about

Question 20

What is the most effective way to change people’s behavior?

Answer 20

Normative pressure

Question 21

What is group pressure?

Answer 21

Different reasons for yielding ( Sachs experiment on conformity = Aschs paradigm (elevator experiment)

• Most participants felt that their perceptions may have been inaccurate and that he group was actually correct
• some did not believe that the group was correct but simply went along with the group in order to not stand out

Question 22

What kind of people confirms the most?ondividual and group characteristics

Answer 22

Low self esteem
High need for social support or approval
Need for self control
Low IQ
High anxiety
Feelings of self blame and insecurity in the group
Feelings of inferiority
Feelings of relative low status in the group
Women conform a little more then men in public interactive settings
Cultural norms: conformity is lower in individualist western societies but is still high

Question 23

What are situational factors?

Answer 23

May be more important than personal

Conformity is strongest with 3-5 people any other people will be put in one of the categories

Conformity is linear if it is a decision with no right answer kkke taste in music

Question 24

What is group unanimity?

Answer 24

People are not as easily confirmed if either person speaks against the majority

Question 25

What is the process of conformity

Answer 25

Informational influence and normative infkuence

Question 26

What is informational influence?

Answer 26

An influence to accept information from another as evidence about reality

—> makes us feel confident about our perceptions beliefs and feelings

Question 27

What is normative influence?

Answer 27

An influence to conform to the positive expectation of others to gain social approval or to avoid social disapproval

Question 28

What is referent informational influence?

Answer 28

Pressure to conform to a group norm that defines us as a group member

1) other people are a source of info
2) we belong to the group
3) we adapt the group norms
4) therefore we confirm not because of people

Question 29

Meta contrast principle

Answer 29

Norm that distinguishes between I group and outgroup